• Name the 7 senses.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Taste (gustation)
Touch (tactile)
Smell (Olfaction)
Vision
Hearing (audition)
Balance (vestibular)
Kinesthesis (movement)
•
•
•
•
•
What parts of the eye is responsible for each of the following:
Protects the eye from dust, etc.
Allows light into the eye
Adjusts (dialates/constricts) the amount of light
Focuses the incoming light onto the retina
•
•
•
•
Cornea
Pupil
Iris
Lens
• What is your retina’s center focus point
and what receptors that pick up colors
and details are clustered around it?
• Fovea
• Cones
• What receptors in your retina detect
black, white, & gray and are best in dim
light (also peripheral vision)?
• Rods
• What is the transforming of stimulus
energies (like sights, sounds, smells) into
neural impulses our brains can interpret
called?
• Transduction
• Your retina sends messages to the brain
through what?
• What part of the brain must it pass
through before being processed?
• Optic Nerve
• Thalamus
• In what area of your brain is vision
processed (2 parts)?
• Occipital Lobes
• Visual Cortex
• What is the place where your optic nerves
cross to deliver information to the opposite
hemisphere?
• Optic Chiasma
• What nerve cells pick up motion, shapes,
lines, etc…?
• Feature Detectors
• What theory of color argues that there are 3
color receptors and the combinations of them
make millions of colors?
• Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Color Theory
• Make sure you also know the Opponent Process
Theory & after images
• What type of deafness occurs with
damage to the middle or outer ear
(eardrum, ossicles…)?
• Conduction Hearing Loss
• What type of deafness is due to damage
to hair cells or nerves of the inner ear?
• Sensorineural
• Can be caused by disease, loud noises…
• Cochlear Implants
• What theory argues that pain is felt when small
nerve fibers in the spinal cord are stimulated?
• Gate Control Theory of Pain
• What are the 5 taste sensations?
•
•
•
•
•
Sweet
Sour
Salty
Bitter
Umami
• Our senses working together to interpret the
world around us is called?
• Sensory Interaction
• Where is our equilibrium that controls our
sense of balance located?
• Inner Ears
• What sense produces the strongest emotional
reaction and why?
• Smell-direct link to the brain near the limbic
system (no thalamus)
• What are the 2 types of perceptual
processing?
• Which one is due to our prior knowledge
and schemas & our brain fills in the gaps?
• Top Down-our brain tells us what it is then
we look at details
• Bottom Up-looking at details to put the
“puzzle pieces” together
• Our ability to focus our attention on a
single talker while conversations and noise
exist in the background is called…
• Cocktail Party Phenomenon
• Our conscious focus of awareness on
stimuli is called…(we can only focus on
one thing at a time)
• Selective Attention
• Mr. Boschman leaves the room and Mr.
Abdullah comes in to fill in for him. You do
not notice that you have a different
teacher because you are so focused on the
lab. What is this called?
• Change Blindness
• Remember Vegas?
• You are driving and hit a man on a bike
because you didn’t notice he was crossing
the crosswalk. What is this an example of?
• Inattentional Blindness
• Remember the Penguin & Gorilla?
• The minimum amount of light, sound,
pressure, taste, or smell you need to detect
it 50% of the time is called…
• Absolute threshold
• The smallest amount of change in a
stimulus needed before we actually detect
a change is called…
• Just Noticeable Difference (JND)
• What rule says the greater the intensity of
the stimulus the greater the change is
needed to be noticed?
• Ex: if you are listening to your tv at 90,
you will need to turn it down by a lot more
than if the volume were at 20.
• Weber’s Law
• Just remember Thalia handling all the $$$

• If you were to see an object and
understand it based on seeing the object
against its background, you would be
performing what process?
• Figure-Ground Relationship
• What branch of psychology argues that
we look at the WHOLE picture (grouping)
instead of focusing on parts?
• Gestalt Psychology
What part of Gestalt Psychology is each of
the following:
• We group objects that are close together as
being part of same group
• We see objects as similar in appearance as
being part of same group
• Proximity & Similarity
• Eleanor Gibson’s Visual Cliff experiments
suggested that infants were capable of
detecting what?
• Depth perception
• The difference in our vision between eyes
is known as…(differences are greater as
object gets closer to your eye)
• You need both eyes to see what kinds of
cues?
• Retinal Disparity
• Binocular Cues
• What type of monocular cues are described in the
following:
• Parallel lines seem to meet in the distance
• The smaller the object the farther away we think it is
• If one object partially blocks another we think it’s
closer
• Linear Perspective
• Relative Size
• Interposition
• What is the illusion that if 2 or more lights
are blinking on and off we think it is
bouncing back and forth?
• Phi Phenomenon
• We have the tendency to perceive
things in a certain way. For example,
Jacob believes in UFOs. He sees
something in the sky and automatically
thinks it is a UFO (even though it might
be something else. What is this an
example of?
• Perceptual Set