SPEECH
COMMUNICATION
Angela Ivey
St. Pauls High School
THE COMMUNICATION
PROCESS
UNIT 1
Understanding
Communication
Unit
1
Section 1
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
• VOCABULARY
– Audience
– Channels
– Decoding
– Electronic
communication
– Encoding
– Feedback
– Formal settings
COMMUNICATION
• The process of
sharing information
by using symbols to
send and receive
messages
The Communication Process
• Message
– ideas and feelings that make up
the content
• Sender
– Person who sends the message
• Receiver
– Person who recieves the message
• Feedback
– A return message
MESSAGE
Verbal,
nonverbal
SENDER
RECEIVER
The
Communication
Process
MODEL
FEEDBACK
Verbal,
nonverbal
RECEIVER
SENDER
ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION
• Senders and Receiver
• Message
• Verbal and nonverbal symbols
– Verbal: words
– Nonverbal: gestures, tone of voice, facial
expressions
ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION
• Channels
– Sound waves, light waves, and sense of
touch by which messages are sent
• Feedback
– Verbal and nonverbal responses to
messages
Activity 1:
Sending Nonverbal Messages
• Work with a partner to determine a situation in
which you must communicate nonverbally.
• Ex. Imagine that you and your partner work part-time in
a store. Unknown to your co-worker, your boss has told
you that she is tired of granting favors to her employees.
Just as your boss joins you and your co-worker behind
the counter, your co-worker whispers to you that he
plans to ask for the afternoon off. How would you
communicate to him nonverbally that his request is not a
good idea?
• Create a similar scene with a partner. Practice
and present it to the class.
USING COMMUNICATION
• Social Needs
• Making Decisions
DIFFERENT SETTINGS
• Informal settings
– Talking with family/ friends
– Introducing people
– Giving instructions
– Talking on the telephone
– Giving and receiving information in class
– Asking for directions
DIFFERENT SETTINGS
• Formal settings
– job and college interviews
– Group discussions
– Public speaking
– Debate and Parliamentary Procedure
– Intepretive situations
– Electronic communications
Activity 2:
Analyzing Formal Communication Situations
• Identify two formal communication
situations that you take part in during an
average week, either as a speaker or
listener.
• For each situation, identify the elements of
communication that seem most important
when sending and receiving messages.
• Share your findings.
Developing the
Communication Process
• Finding ideas
– Look at your own experience
– Look at the lives of those around you
– Watch television shows/ movies
– Read newspapers/ magazine articles
Developing the
Communication Process
• Adapting to your audience
– Individual characteristics
– Culture characteristics
– Sociological characteristic
• Encoding and decoding information
– Encoding: turning ideas and feelings into
verbal or nonverbal symbols
– Decoding: finding the meaning of verbal
and nonverbal symbols
Developing the
Communication Process
• Interpreting feedback
– Varies depending upon public or private
Activity 3:
Analyzing Nonverbal Feedback
• Think of three nonverbal messages that
you received today. Then draw cartoons
that illustrate one.
• Beneath each cartoon, write a caption that
explains the nonverbal message.
• Share with the class.
Developing the
Communication Process
• Dealing with interference
– Physical noise
– Psychological noise
– Semantic noise
Activity 4:
Dealing with Interference
• With your team, read the following
situations and identify the type of
interference represented. Decide how you
would deal with the interference if you
were the speaker.
• Take turns being the speaker and act out
each situation.
• Afterwards, discuss whether you were
successful at dealing with the interference.
Situations
•
•
•
•
•
You and a friend are discussing a problem. A few
people at the other side of the room begin talking so
loudly that you cannot concentrate on what your friend
is saying.
You are leading a group discussion. One of your group
members is staring out the window and another is
doodling.
You are giving a report to your history class. The lights
are making a very loud buzzing noise.
You are acting in a play. Suddenly a storm strikes and
thunder drowns out your words.
You are giving a speech to an audience of city council
members. You mention the recreation center’s “stupid,
boring weekend dances,” and a buzz goes up from the
audience.
HOW TO
•
•
•
•
•
•
Be an effective
communicator
Care about your communication success
Know what you are talking about
Be organized
Use language well
Use effective nonverbal skills
Listen carefully
REVIEW QUESTIONS
Unit 1
Section 1
1.
2.
3.
What does communication mean?
List and explain the 6 key elements of communication.
Explain the difference between verbal and nonverbal
communication.
4. What channels are used to send nonverbal messages? Verbal
messages?
5. What roles does feedback play in effective communication?
6. In what settings does formal communication occur?
7. List the steps of the communication process.
8. What information about an audience should a speaker have?
9. What is interference? List the types of interference.
10. What are the 6 characteristics of an effective communicator?