CHAPTER
FOURTEEN: THE
GREAT DEPRESSION
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One of many solutions…
STANDARDS
COVERED
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CE 7.1.2 Explain and evaluate the multiple causes
and consequences of the Great Depression by
analyzing: the political, economic, enviornmental,
and social causes.
ECONOMIC TROUBLES ON THE HORIZON
 (1.) Key industries can barely make a profit:
railroads, textiles, coal, lumber, and steel
 (2.) During WWI, farmers plant more and take
out loans
 After WWI, the problem is….*
 Consequences for banks and farmers*
THE NATION’S SICK
ECONOMY: SECTION
ONE
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(3.) Americans are spending less because of
rising prices, stagnant wages, and overbuying
on credit in previous years
(4.) Buying on credit*
The problem is…*
(5.) There is a growing gap between the rich
and the poor
THE NATION’S SICK
ECONOMY
HOOVER TAKES THE
NATION
 Herbert Hoover vs.
Alfred E. Smith*
 A prosperous economy
where Americans
invest in stocks
 Dow Jones Industrial
Average*
THE NATION’S SICK
ECONOMY
(6.) Speculation*
 (7.) Buying on Margin*
THE STOCK MARKET
CRASHES
 Early Sept. 1929, stock
prices rise and fall
th
 Oct. 24 market
plunges

THE NATION’S SICK
ECONOMY
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(8.) Black Tuesday*
Shareholders try to sell before prices went
lower (30 billion lost by mid-November)
People who bought stocks on credit left with
large debts
Stock Market Crash Video
THE NATION’S SICK
ECONOMY
FINANCIAL COLLAPSE
 Great Depression*
 People rush to banks to
withdraw money, but
the money is gone
 1929: 600 banks close;
1933: 11,000 banks close
 1929: 104 billion; 1933:
59 billion
THE NATION’S SICK
ECONOMY
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90,000 businesses went bankrupt
One in every four Americans was out of a job
(25 percent)
Europe going through same thing with WWI
debts; Treaty of Versailles and Germany
Hawley-Smoot Tariff*
THE NATION’S SICK
ECONOMY
STANDARDS
COVERED
{
CE 7.1.2 Explain and evaluate the multiple causes and
consequences of the Great Depression by analyzing: the
economic and social toll of the Great Depression.
Great Depression Video
THE DEPRESSION DEVASTATES PEOPLE’S
LIVES
 In cities, people lost jobs, were evicted, and live
on the streets
 Hoovervilles/shantytowns*
 Soup kitchens and bread lines*
 African Americans and Latinos experience
worse
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HARDSHIP AND SUFFERING
DURING THE DEPRESSION:
SECTION TWO
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Rural areas have an
advantage*
Yet, thousands of
farmers do lose their
farms to foreclosure
Dust Bowl*
Families migrate to
California and coastal
states
HARDSHIP AND
SUFFERING DURING
THE DEPRESSION
EFFECTS ON THE
AMERICAN FAMIY
 Men have difficulties
because they cannot
support their families
 The growth of hoboes
wandering
 No direct relief*
HARDSHIP AND
SUFFERING DURING
THE DEPRESSION
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Women work hard to support their families:
canned food, sewed clothing, and managed
budgets
Worked outside the home but receive criticism
Poor diets and lack of health care hurt children
School taxes cut*
Teenage children wander in search of work
HARDSHIP AND
SUFFERING DURING
THE DEPRESSION
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Suicide rate increases*
People admitted to mental hospitals
Not as many doctor and dentist visits
College attendance decreases
Marriages and raising families are put off
The general feeling of this time
HARDSHIP AND
SUFFERING DURING
THE DEPRESSION
STANDARDS
COVERED
{
CE 7.1.2 Explain and evaluate the multiple causes
and consequences of the Great Depression by
analyzing: Hoover’s policies and their impact.
HOOVER TRIES TO
REASSURE THE NATION
 Herbert Hoover tries to
reassure Americans that
the economy will be fine
 Americans need to be
positive and go about
business as usual
 (1.) Voluntary Action*
 (2.) Hoover Dam*
HOOVER STRUGGLES WITH THE
DEPRESSION: SECTION THREE
Farmers anger with Hoover causes damage*
 Hoovervilles, Hoover blankets, and Hoover
flags
HOOVER TAKES ACTION
 Federal Home Loan Bank Act*
 Reconstruction Finance Corporation*

HOOVER STRUGGLES
WITH THE DEPRESSION
GASSING THE BONUS
ARMY
 Bonus Army*
 Hoover thought they
were communists and
criminals
 Sends in Douglas
MacArthur
 Reputation never recovers
 FDR and the New Deal
HOOVER STRUGGLES
WITH THE DEPRESSION