ZAMBIA’S NATIONAL WORKSHOP ON
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR ALL (SE4ALL)
Group Photo for participants who attended the workshop
11/23/2012 & 11/24/2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 BACKGROUND INFORMATION ................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 8
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................................................................... 9
Zambia: Energy Profile .............................................................................................................................. 9
Table 1-Current Energy Access Situation in developing countries illustrated by World Energy
Outlook in 2009..................................................................................................................................... 9
3.0PRESENTATIONS AND DISCUSSIONS ...................................................................................................... 11
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO AND OVERVIEW OF SE4 ALL PROCESS –CIVIL SOCIETY PERSPECTIVE ............... 12
Practical Action positioning: The engagement with the Initiative includes: ...................................... 15
3.2 PRESENTATION ON NET METERING IN CITIES .................................................................................. 16
Rural electrification ............................................................................................................................. 17
Models Used to Implement ................................................................................................................ 18
Models Include.................................................................................................................................... 18
Discussions .......................................................................................................................................... 18
3.3 Presentation onDomestic Biogas Technology and Prospects for Zambia byEkanathKhatiwada,
Biogas Advisor for SNV Zambia ............................................................................................................... 19
Feasibility Study Finding Summary: Prospects for Zambia ................................................................. 20
Way forward and Roles of Civil society:.............................................................................................. 21
Reactions and contributions from the participants ............................................................................ 21
Responses ........................................................................................................................................... 21
3.4 PROSPECTS OF BIOFUELS INDUSTRY IN CONTRIBUTING TO SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR ALL IN
ZAMBIA, BY MR. TYSON CHISAMBO ANDPROF.THOMSONSINKALA ...................................................... 22
BIOFUELS ASSOCIATION OF ZAMBIA (BAZ) ............................................................................................. 22
3.5 THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN THE RENEWABLE ENERGY ROADMAP IN ZAMBIA,.......................... 23
PRESENTED BY MARRIOT NYANGU, CIVIL SOCIETY BIOFUELS FORUM (CSBF) ....................................... 23
Renewable Energy Policy Framework in Zambia ................................................................................ 24
Overview of the RE sector from the CSREF perspective ..................................................................... 24
Civil society Participation .................................................................................................................... 24
Biofuels Road map .............................................................................................................................. 25
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Current Status ..................................................................................................................................... 25
Research and development ................................................................................................................ 25
The liquid biofuels market outlook ..................................................................................................... 26
Civil Society participation.................................................................................................................... 26
Recommendation on RE Roadmap ..................................................................................................... 27
4.0 THE WORKPLAN .................................................................................................................................... 28
RECOMMENDED ACTION POINT ......................................................................................................... 29
5.0 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................................................... 31
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ACCRONMYS
COMESA.………………………………………………Common Market for Eastern and
Southern Africa
ESAG…………………………………………………………………….…...Energy Sector Advisory Group
EIA……………………………………………………………………………..Environmental Impact Assessment
GVEP………………………………………………………………………..…..Global Village Energy Partnership
HIVOS……………………………………………………………………………………..
MP………………………………………………………………………………………….Member of Parliament
PVBCS……………………………………………………………………………………………..
REMP……………………………………………………………………………
REA………………………………………………………………………………Rural Electrification Agency
SE4ALL……………………………………………………………………………………..Sustainable Energy for All
SNV…………………………………………………………………….Netherlands Development Organization
SHS…………………………………………………………………………………………………
SADC………………………………………………………Southern African Development
Community
TEA……………………………………………………………………………………………….. Total Energy Access
UNDP…………………………………………………………………..United Nations Development Program
ZESCO………………………………………………….. Zambia Electricity Supply Cooperation
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The Sustainable Energy for All initiative SE4ALL workshop organizers where Mr Benny
Ndonyo from Energy and Environmental Concerns of Zambia (EECZ). Mr Chanda Mongo
from SNV, Mr Katebe from Zambia Alliance of Women (ZAW).
Gratitude goes to the supporters of the workshop namely the Hivos Netherlands and
Practical Action. Further salutations goes to the presenters who took the time to prepare
and share their knowledge and information on different sustainable energy sources and
the benefits to the community as a whole, as well as the participants from different
organizations who spared their time to attend the one day workshop and also share their
views towards the initiative.
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Worldwide, it has been estimated by the international energy agency (IEA) that over
1.3million people lack access to electricity and 2.7billion people lack cooking facilities. In
addition, many countries spend a high share of their GDP on fossil fuel imports, making
them dependent on foreign energy supplies and vulnerable to price fluctuations. The
burning of fossil fuels pollutes local environments, endangers the health of citizens, and
exacerbates global climate change. It is because of the above that the United Nations
general is leading a wide global sustainable energy for all initiative to facilitate universal
access to modern energy services ,double the rate of improvement in energy efficiency as
well as to double the double the share renewable energy in the mix by 2030.
Moreover many countries have shown that it is possible to attain the above and make
energy available to all. It is for this reason that the three organizations namely the Energy
Concerns of Zambia, Zambia Alliance of Women and Netherlands Development
Organizations organized the national workshop for Zambia to try and engage the different
stake holders including the government, public sector organization, private sector
organizations as well as the civil society and community based organizations in order to
make energy for all a reality in Zambia. The workshop aimed at sharing insight on the
current status of SE4ALL at international, regional and national level, further analyzing the
policy environment at national level and identifying allies and opportunities for
improvements in energy efficiency and grid technologies.
The workshop also aimed at Formulating and agreeing on joint actions and processes
needed to influence the National Implementation Plans, and to further Develop ideas and
scope out possible activities to increase civil society awareness and engagement with the
issue of energy access and to Plan further on national and coordination on energy access
for all.
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BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Sustainable Energy for All (SE4ALL) is an initiative which is led, and was launched by the
United Nations Secretary General in September 2011.The initiative aims to bring together
stake holders from civil society ,private sector and government to take action to achieve
three main objectives by 2030 that range from ensuring universal access to modern energy
services, doubling the global rate of improvements in energy efficiency as well as doubling
the share of renewable energy in global energy mix.
SE4ALL, under the leadership of high level group, have created a Global Action Agenda to
guide efforts by countries and stake holders across eleven key areas. The action areas
identified include seven sectorial areas that is modern cooking appliances and fuels,
distributes electricity solutions, grid infrastructure and supply efficiency, large scale
renewable energy power ,industrial and agricultural planning policies, as well as
transportation and buildings and appliances. In addition to this, the four enabling areas
include energy planning and policies, business model and technology innovation, finance
and risk management and capacity building and knowledge sharing.
SE4ALL has had engagement on a country level, taking in to consideration the Rio+20
summit in June 2012 where 52 countries from across Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Small
Islands Developing States committed to join the SE4ALLinitiative, where 22 of these
countries are in Sub Saharan Africa.
Joining SE4ALL therefore, means a commitment to deliver two key activities ,firstly a gap
analysis which is aimed at highlighting key areas where attention and investment need to
be focused at national level to ensure progress towards each of the three SE4ALL objectives
of which the majority of the analyses will be completed by the end of 2012.Secondly ,a
national SE4ALL Implementation plan providing a rigorous assessment of the national
energy situation and a year by year framework ,outlining the action and funding required
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for achieving the SE4ALL goals by 2030 at country level of which these plans should be
completed by September 2013.
Both the Gap Analysis and National implementation plans represent real opportunities to
shape energy provision in individual countries. The national plan will define energy access
delivery for the coming decade and beyond, so it is crucial that the poor people’s energy
needs at household, community and enterprise level and the ways in which energy can
reach them.
1.1 INTRODUCTION
It is inevitable to be dependent on energy as simple tasks like preparing dinner ,heating a
house, lighting a street, keeping a hospital open ,running a factory all require the use of
energy. Energy is at the heart of everybody’s quality life and a crucial factor for economic
competitiveness and employment. It is therefore important for countries to make radical
changes in the way energy is generated and used to ensure sustainable growth for today
and the future generations to come.
The initiative therefore, presents an opportunity for Africa to advance its national, regional
and continental agendas through encouraging participation of the three pillars including
the government, businesses and civil society in public private partnership of policy,
investment and market development. The role of each stake holder can vary from
improving policy and institutional capacity to supporting innovations according to their
strengths and weaknesses.
From September 2012, the SE4ALL Initiative moves into operational phase with a new
international structure comprised of an Advisory committee, Steering Group and Global
Secretariat. In reality, this means much greater levels of activity at country level and many
more opportunities for civil society to engage in planning, and translating these plans into
reality .To ensure that people have the power to challenge their poverty, Civil societies
have the task to thrust in order to be engaged as an equal partner in the initiative and
ensure to make a unique contribution to deliver sustainable energy for all especially the
poor.
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It is in the above context that a national workshop on sustainable energy for all was held in
Zambia on the 23rd of November, 2012 at the Blue Crest Lodge in Kabulonga. Energy and
Environmental Concerns for Zambia (EECZ), Zambia Alliance of Women(ZAW) and
Netherlands Development Organization(SNV) with the support from Practical Action and
Hivos Netherlands are working together in steering efforts of civil society organizations
towards the UN Sustainable Energy for All Initiative. Civil Society Organizations play a
crucial role in achieving Universal Energy access by promoting wider awareness and
understanding of people’s needs and preferred solutions.
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Zambia: Energy Profile
According to the World Bank data, the population of Zambia In total was last reported at
13,474,959 million in 2011 with 69% being the rural people and 31% being urban. Zambia
currently has a national electrification rate of 18.8% while electrification has reached 47%
of the urban household, rural electrification still lies very low at 3.3%.Only 15.8% of the
population has access to modern cooking fuel and approximately 60% still rely on fuel
wood for cooking.
Table 1-Current Energy Access Situation in developing countries illustrated by World Energy
Outlook in 2009
Urba
National
% of Population with Access to Electricity
% of population with access to modern
fuel for cooking
Fuel
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n
18.8
3. 4.7
47
15.8
1.8
41.2
59.5
88.2
7.5
(Electricity ,Gas or Kerosene)
used
for
Rural
% of population using wood for cooking
cookin
% of population using charcoal for
cooking
g
% of population relying on solid fuel for
cooking that use
24.5
10
50.7
0.4
0.3
0.7
Improved cook stoves
According to the Renewable Energy Country Profiles (IRENA,2010), Zambia is selfsufficient in energy that is primary energy sources including biomass ,hydropower, coal
and renewable energy with the exception of crude oil for petroleum which is fully
imported. Total installed electricity capacity (2008):1,967 MW, Hydro 95.9% and Thermal
4.1%.
The electricity produced is used mainly for the mining industry (68%) and leaving more
than 80% of the household to rely on biomass for energy needs .41% of the population use
kerosene and 22% use candles for lighting. The continued large scale usage of wood for
energy and non-energy tasks results in woodland depletion, which may eventually lead to
an energy crisis in the near future affecting large sections of the population.
The largest renewable energy generation potential exists through solar and hydro though;

Less than 30% of the available 6000mwt hydro potential has been harnessed so far

Solar power development is slow .To date it has only been installed in
400households ,several schools and chiefs palaces in various parts of the country

Wind power which is suggested to be most suitable for mechanical uses mainly
water pumping for households and irrigation has not been harnessed sufficiently

With more than 80% hot springs available for potential geothermal has not been
exploited.
Efforts to improve energy supplies in Zambia come from different angles , for instance, The
Energy Regulatory Board of Zambia (ERB) established in1997 by law to regulate the
provision of energy services to the consumers has been playing an important role in
Zambia’s energy sector .There is also a Rural Electrification Agency (REA) formed in 2003
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which has been spearheading the implementation of the REMP.In addition, the Global
Village Energy Partnership (GVEP), in association with the Department of Energy, and the
Ministry of Energy and Water Development, are working on a mechanism to increase
access to reliable, affordable and environmentally sustainable energy services as a means
of enhancing economic and social development.
Organizers of the workshop Right Mr. Chanda Mongo, middle Mr. Ceasar Katebe and far left
Mr. Benny Ndonyo
3.0
Presentations and Discussions
Different organizations were invited to the workshop in order to share ideas and put heads
together in coming up with the way forward on how to go about the implementation of the
project in Zambia as a nation. Presentations were spearheaded by the Environmental
Concern of Zambia (EECZ) were made. The organization aims to back the objectives of the
grouping of researchers, academicians and policy makers which is to contribute to the
development, promotion and wider use of energy in sustainable manner, as well as to
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provide a forum for interaction and exchange of ideas between individuals and
organizations involved in planning, development and sustainable utilization of energy.
Below is the synopsis of each presentation that was given at the workshop all in line with
fostering
education,
scientific
research
and
development
and
the
nationwide
disseminations of information in energy and the environment.
Mr. Ndonyo facilitating a session
3.1 INTRODUCTION TO AND OVERVIEW OF SE4 ALL PROCESS –CIVIL SOCIETY
PERSPECTIVE
Billions of poor people do not have access to the energy they need to light their homes, cook
Meals safely and earn a living. Although the technology exists to deliver universal access to
modern energy, a huge effort is needed to make that happen. Change is needed urgently in
order to improve the policy environment, to support poor people, boost capacity to deliver
more and better quality energy technologies and to ramp up the volume and types of energy
financing that support access.
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Hivos and Practical Action have joined the global effort to eliminate energy poverty and support
the UN goal of universal energy access by 2030. It should be highlighted though, that despite
the availability of technical solutions, 1.3 billion people are still without any form of electricity
and 2.7 billion people still cook over open fires. Practical Action believes that this represents a
global technology injustice.
For Practical Action, ‘energy access’ means poor people having daily use of the energy they
need for their wellbeing in terms of lighting, cooking and water heating, space heating, cooling,
information and communications and earning a living. A set of minimum energy service
standards called “Total Energy Access (TEA)”.Policy and action needs to recognize the full range
of energy services which people need, want and have a right to. People need a range of energy
technologies, services and supplies to avoid darkness, drudgery and ill health in the household.
Energy can help them to earn a living, and so escape poverty.
Governments, too, must be held to account for their actions in supporting SE4ALL. That is why
clear targets and monitoring must be agreed at national and international levels. Progress
should be measured in terms of achievement of minimum standards for each of the principal
energy services people need. Monitoring the reliability, quality, affordability and adequacy of
supplies is also needed to improve services. The financial and other commitments made by
governments and relevant organizations must be monitored in order to ensure that it helps
deliver progress where it is needed most.
In addition, investment in energy access can and must be increased fast. Investment must
increase by around a factor of five compared to 2009 levels. Domestic governments in
developing countries should lead the way, supported in roughly equal measure by official
development assistance and private investors. Public investment is limited so it must be
targeted effectively, both on leveraging private sector investment and on delivering energy
access where private sector finance cannot, or does not yet, operate.
The private sector is good at innovating and implementing but cannot invest in markets without
effective demand. So, it is important to stimulate opportunities for a full range of providers to
deliver Total Energy Access solutions, enhancing demand for energy solutions in forms people
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really need and want. For the UN goal of Universal Energy Access by 2030, it is estimated that
55 percent of all new electricity generated will be mini-grid or off-grid. The rest will come from
national grid extension.
Helen Marsh, CEO of Practical Action gave an overview as follows:

The SE4ALL Initiative is focused on working with stakeholders to deliver three key
objectives by 2030 ;

Ensuring Universal Access to modern energy services

Doubling the share of renewables in the global energy mix

Doubling the global rate of improvement in energy efficiency
The timeline of action is as follows:
• September 2011 - SE4ALL Initiative launched
• November 2011 - EC announce ‘Agenda for Change’ – energy priority for ODA
• April 2012 – SE4ALL Action Agenda launched
• June 2012 - Rio +20 – 52 countries endorse SE4ALL, $50b committed from private sector
to the Initiative
• September 2012 – launch of ‘operational’ phase of the Initiative (country-focused)
• November 2012 – baseline report released (WB-led)
The key players are the UN (UNDP, UNEP, UNIDO), European Commission, Energy+, GIZ and
the World Bank .The European Commission with the task of ‘Energising Development’ as
this would demonstrate leadership on energy access through:
1) New Development Strategy ‘Agenda for Change’ prioritizing energy access in Sub
Saharan Africa (2014 – 2020)
2) Launch of a €50m Technical Assistance Facility (by 2014)
3) Announcement of €500m commitment to ‘concrete energy access projects’ (by 2014)
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In addition, The Energy+ which is a Norwegian government initiative is there to promote
energy access and low carbon development, country government agreements already
signed with Kenya, Liberia and Ethiopia (c.150m Euros). The World Bank also Leading the
development of an SE4ALL baseline , a snapshot of the global picture of each of the goals in
2012 and establishing a tracking framework to define and monitor progress to 2030. As
well as the Fifty two (52) priority countries having actively ‘opted in’ to the SE4ALL
Initiative (22 of which are in sub Saharan Africa). All core Practical Action countries have
endorsed, and will therefore take action on the Initiative. Twelve countries have been
prioritized as ‘first-movers’ largely in Sub-Saharan Africa including Kenya, Mozambique,
Tanzania, Ghana, Uganda, Burkina Faso and Sierra Leone.
Participants during the workshop
Practical Action positioning: The engagement with the Initiative includes:
• Communications Partner of SE4ALL and observer to High Level Group
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•Organized official European launch event for the UN Year of SE4ALL
• Hosted official civil society consultation exercises for SE4ALL in Europe
• Co-authored official Civil Society Roadmap for the Initiative (in process)
• Participated in three of the 10 SE4ALL Country Scoping Missions pre Rio
• Member of World Bank-led Steering Committee for Baseline report
• Strong working relationships with the UN Secretary General’s Office, UNDP, UNIDO, World
Bank and European Commission
• UN Secretary General’s Office suggested Practical Action to lead the civil society mobilization
around SE4ALL in its (Practical Action) countries of operation
3.2 Presentation on Net Metering in Cities
Metering is a method that enables single households to have the ability to generate their
own energy. In this system, solar panels are set at the roof of a household and sunlight is
received directly from the sun. In this way, it supplements shortages of power in a country,
since each household has their own generator of power such that enough can be used at a
minimal rate and the rest can be saved and used at a later time, leading to fewer cases of
load shedding.
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Mr. Ekanath Khatiwada, SNV Biogas Programme Advisor making a presentation
during the workshop
Rural electrification
80% of the rural areas use charcoal as a source of energy. There is therefore need for the
civil society to come in and raise that awareness on the benefits of using other sources of
energy. It was highlighted that Electrification in the rural areas can be achieved by Grid
Extension, discrete energy system like SHS,PVBCS as well as the use of lanterns(solar)
where Solar sustainable energy aims to ensure that every person has access to clean, safe
and effective energy supply,
Majority of the people in theses come from low income households and they need that
access to good energy sources to make their activities easier. But it is a challenge looking at
the setup of villages which are far apart, it could be a waste of resources seeing that villages
have no much activities going on and villages are scattered and so it costs a lot of money,
apart from this, the houses are rather thatched making it dangerous to the lives of the
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people themselves .Grid extension therefore will not reach all the areas in a village.
Discrete systems like SHS,pvbcs as well as latterns (solar) on the other hand can be
generated locally anywhere and it is among the cheapest methods as energy units at
individual households would be set up. The other method calls for solar charge stations
where a solar charge station is created and people go to those set locations to collect their
batteries once charged.
Models Used to Implement
One way is through government projects. Governments are able to run projects that are able to
be implemented in a nation seeing that they have more resources and the power to make
things happen above everyone else. Another way is where donors can also come in to enhance
this process. Moreover, Private companies can also come in because it is not possible to always
depend on the government to do everything, such institutions can fasten the process with their
involvements in this matter, and private enterprises can take advantage of this opportunity as it
creates business on their part.
Models Include

Free for service
Where the service providers bring in their own equipment’s but the users pay up monthly for
example Zambia Electricity Supply Corperation , ZESCO.

Higher purchase or loan facility
Where money is loaned to customers in order to pay for the facilities

Free cash sales
Where the community is in the position to own their own facilities

Government projects/donor
Discussions
It was concluded therefore that, for programs to be implemented people have to be included in
the programs because with ownership people will be able to utilize the facilities in a way that
will be beneficial to everyone knowing that the facility is in their custody.
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3.3 Presentation onDomestic Biogas Technology and Prospects for Zambia by
Ekanath Khatiwada, Biogas Advisor for SNV Zambia
The average size of a biogas plant is 6 to 8 m³ for the use of a smaller biogas installation on
average and the manure of minimum of 2 cows or 7 pigs is needed.
Costs of an average installation in Asia are about 400 Euro, while in Africa the construction
and installation costs are higher. Generally, costs for an average plant vary from 500 Euro to
900 Euro.
This is a simple technology generated at a domestic level and has a sustainable life of 20
years. Few countries have adopted it but yet to be adopted in other countries like Zambia.
It is a cheaper source of energy and the gas can be used for cooking and lighting, the private
sector has so far been the main driver for successful domestic biogas dissemination is the
private sector
Initially, in 1992 SNV initiated the first biogas programme in Nepal and as at Now the
Domestic Biogas Programme has been successfully replicated in 17 other SNV programme
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countries including 9 African countries up to March 2011, SNV Biogas programme realised
431,525 plants installations Including 65,171 plants from Africa.
Multiple benefits come in with the use of the domestic biogas program including the
following:

energy: it provides energy for cooking and for lighting

Health and sanitation: it is a clean way of cooking. Cooking on firewood is damaging
the health situation and contributing to the carbon foot print. An additional health
aspect that a toilet can be connected to the biogas plant

agriculture: the by product, the bio-slurry, is being used as organic fertilizer of good
quality

Environment and climate: lower household emissions and reduced environmental
impact from the use of fire wood and improved soil fertility through application of bioslurry.

economy:
1) Saves time because no time lost because of looking for fire wood;
2) Higher value of the agricultural crop because of organic fertilizer;
3) Job creation through the construction of biogas plants.
Furthermore, it reduces greenhouse emission, soil nutrients depletion as well as deforestation
rate. Improving dairy sector by:

Stimulating zero grazing

Improving health conditions for cattle

Improving arable agriculture by:
•
Supplying organic fertilizer
•
Increasing agricultural yields
•
Reducing application of chemical fertilizer and pesticides
Feasibility Study Finding Summary: Prospects for Zambia
 The feasibility study jointly carried out by SNV , HIVOs , and Ministry of Agriculture/
Livestock Department and Department of Energy; established that there is a huge
scope for a medium-size domestic bio digester programme including:
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•
High technical potential for biogas, with an estimated 80,000 cattle holders with
five cattle or more and 10,000 commercial pig farmers with eight pigs or more.
•
High potential demand for biogas, especially in light of an emerging dairy sector
of at least 2,500 dairy farmers connected to milk collection centers that could
use the gas to clean dairy utensils and chill milk, in addition to household
lighting and cooking needs.
•
7,500 Households 37,000 people will get direct benefits from the Biogas
construction services.
•
20 biogas construction companies will be established and supported with the
capacity development services to service the sector.
•
200 masons will be trained and certified for biogas digester construction and
attached to the Biogas Companies
Way forward and Roles of Civil society:
•
Zambia alliance for domestic biogas core group (Biogas core group) to be
established.
•
Biogas demonstration activities -ongoing( Lesson from the pilot program will
be consider for the full-fledged biogas programme in Zambia
•
Where Zambian Civil society can pay a bigger role on Biogas promotion,
awareness raising , resource brokering and programme implementation
Reactions and contributions from the participants
This was considered to be a good source of energy with so many mutual benefits starting
with health, environment, agriculture, carbon market and economic development as a
nation. It could also enhance the earnings by 25million kwacha more as highlighted by the
presenter. Questions arose as to why it has not been implemented in Zambia?
Responses
For starters, it is not considered at policy level, and there is generally no proper technology.
It was also discussed that there is a general lack of resources to bring in such machinery for
people of Zambia to actually use it as a source of energy; it would require a lamp sum of
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money from different sectors of the economy especially the government. Banking sectors
must also come in to invest, Seeing that the technology can be useful mostly in low income
places where pit latrins can be established which can be cheaper to install. More
importantly there is the general lack of promotion over the use of the above technology in
many communities.
3.4 PROSPECTS OF BIOFUELS INDUSTRY IN CONTRIBUTING TO SUSTAINABLE
ENERGY FOR ALL IN ZAMBIA, By Mr. Tyson Chisambo and Prof.Thomson Sinkala
Biofuels Association of Zambia (BAZ)
Only 22% of population has access to electricity in Zambia out of which rural only
constitutes a 3%. Presently, economic gains in rural areas include Government jobs,
Agriculture, General trade, and Charcoal which is fast-degrading the environment. Liquid
biofuels where highlighted to be vital in the sustainable development.
Liquid Biofuels Industry is participatory and economically empowers mostly the
marginalized rural communities, who can then afford and participate in socio-economic
programs on sustainable basis. Examples of Biofuels Feedstocks included the Jatropha
cassava and Agave.
From the table below, Zambia is seen to have to having ample land for bioenergy development:
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If Zambia used, for example, 20 million hectares for biofuels, the country would remain with
4.25 Ha/person, still higher than for countries shown in the table, whose areas per person range
from (0.01 to 4.23 Ha). Meanwhile the country would earn a minimum of US$100 billion
annually from mainstream biofuels products alone, giving Zambia a biofuels per capita of
US$7,700 per person.
According to the Brazilian experience, the revenue would rise to well over US$200 billion if all
inputs, products and byproducts were done in Zambia – a biofuels per capita of US$15,400 per
person.
In summary, there is generally support by Government and stakeholders for biofuels industry so
far, and Zambia has a conducive agro and investment climate for the industry, and must
therefore seize opportunity. Furthermore, the national market is currently untapped. A wellmanaged biofuels industry would contribute to the development of Zambia on sustainable
basis.
Generally, Outcomes of Investment in Biofuels Industry would bring in rural development and
jobs since biofuels feedstocks are to be grown in country-side, it would result in Poverty
reduction in both rural and urban areas, Enhanced food security, NET reduction in
environmental degradation, improved rural electrification and infrastructure and ultimately a
Win-Win investment result.
3.5 The role of civil society in the renewable energy roadmap in Zambia,
Presented by Marriot Nyangu, Civil Society Biofuels Forum (CSBF)
Renewable Energy is part of the National Energy Policy drawn in1994 and then revised in
2008, it is also part of National aspiration in the SNDP and vision 2030.As well as the S1 42
Biofuels strategy and the Legal framework under ERB. However, and implementation is
still behind.
Wood fuel, is the main energy source, currently accounts for 80%.About 60.9% of
households used firewood for cooking and 24.3% used charcoal while only 13.8% used
electricity. (MEWD, 2004),87.7% in rural areas use wood for cooking, 9.5% used charcoal
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and only 1.5% used electricity (NEP, 2007).Zambia has 350 000 hectares p.a. rate of
deforestation that is increasing at rate of 4% p.a. from 3.5% p.a.
Renewable Energy Policy Framework in Zambia
 Ensure availability of data and information on market demand, resource
assessment and applicability of RETS
 Strengthen Institutional Framework for R&D and promotion of RETS
 Provide appropriate financial and fiscal instruments for stimulating the
implementation of RETS
 Raise public awareness of the benefits and opportunities of RETS and capacity
development
 Promote enhancement, development and deployment of RETS
 Promote renewable energy technologies for electricity generation
Overview of the RE sector from the CSREF perspective
Policymakers are increasingly aware of renewable energy’s wide range of benefits
including energy security, reduced import dependency, reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions, prevention of biodiversity loss, improved health, job creation, rural
development, and energy access. Understanding that without access to energy, there can be
no development.Thus, RE deployment will ensure that low-income groups satisfy their
energy requirements in a socially and environmentally sustainable manner.
Civil society Participation
CSREF Vision

A society in which the renewable energy promotes and assures viability ,equity, poverty
reduction and sustainable development
CSREF Mission

To strengthen the capacity of communities, organizations and other stakeholders to
contribute to the development of an equitable, viable and sustainable renewable energy
sub sector through research, advocacy, networking and information sharing.
It was noted therefore that Energy & Environment are key to poverty reduction.
24 | P a g e
Biofuels Road map
 national stakeholder‘s consultative workshop liquid biofuels development in
Zambia held at Mulungushi International Conference Centre, Lusaka. 20th
April 2007: on Biofuels Development Framework.
 December 2007: Government convenes stakeholder
 17th – 18th August 2006: Government convenes a workshops to map out a
strategy to role out the National
 Energy Policy (approved in November 2007).
 Mainly Jatropha – generally distributed throughout Zambia, and currently
producing around 100 to 200 tons per year in total.
 With blending ratios announced, small to medium companies with commercial
production volumes of about 360,000 litres/year for biodiesel and 500,000
litres/year for bioethanol could be producing already next year (2012).
 Mobilisation times for processing plants of this size are as short as 4 months,
from procurement to production
Current Status
Large productions include firstly; Bioethanol from molasses by existing sugarcane
producer companies including Zambia Sugar, Consolidated Farming, and Kalungwishi
Estate, which is potentially more than 19 million litres/per year.
Secondly, Biodiesel from Man Ferrostaal US$500 million investment in Jatropha in Mpika
district (about 200,000 Ha) new entrant. Potentially Zampalm US$41 million investment in
oil palm in Mpika could also be used for biodiesel (about 20,000 Ha).
In addition, Multiple Biofuels in Kaidi Biomass Zambia Limited US$6 billion investment
throughout Zambia, initially investing US$450 million in Nakonde/Isoka districts – new
entrant. Though 100% of biofuel is imported due to lack of pricing mechanisms and
unproper monitoring and instruction which needs to be put in place to proceed positively.
Research and development
University of Zambia has been conducting R&D on various aspects, including possibility to
Use sweet sorghum as a feedstock for bioethanol production. This is important because of
its low fertilizer and water requirements, among others. Copperbelt University, NISIR and
25 | P a g e
CEEEZ are also carrying out investigations on aspects of biofuels industry. Companies are
also undertaking in-house studies, such as feedstock cost optimization.
Anticipated Major Products and by products of Biofuels Industry include Liquid biofuels,
Biogas, Electricity, Organic fertiliser, Charcoal, Animal feed and Fibre.
The liquid biofuels market outlook
The four markets comprise of the Producer’s household consumption, Producer’s own
inputs for example commercial crops, National Market and the International market.
Markets and opportunities of the Retail Market @ 5% Blending Ratio for Zambia is US$96
million/year and SADC is More than US$2 billion/year .While Zambia to soon export as
consumption levels are too small for example, 18 million litres bioethanol requires only
2,000 to 3,000 hectares for sugarcane feedstock, and 21 million litres biodiesel requires
only 4,200 hectares for palm oil feedstock and 48,000 hectares for soy oil feedstock.
Almost all modern diesel engines will run biodiesel quite happily provided that the
biodiesel is of high enough quality. Biodiesel generally requires much less engine
modification than bioethanol
Civil Society participation
CSBF formed in 2009 and has since participated in the policy landscape.It has Conducted
studies and survey on status of biofuels in the country, the impact of biofuels on the
environment,The land conflicts between investors and the communities ,and they haveJust
finished a Best Practice manual on jatropha production as well as a Best Practice guide in
jatropha contracts.
It now sits on the Energy sector Advisory group on national farmers union, Agriculture
consultative Forum, Committees on UNU Regional Center for Expertise on Sustainable
Development based at UNZA and CBU liaison and Advisory Board in the School of Science
and Mathematics, National committee on Decentralisation and Ministry of Energy Sector
Advisory Group.
26 | P a g e
In conclusion, all thanks went to the Government and stakeholders for the support given to
biofuels industry so far. Further, clearing outstanding milestones, e.g. incentives,
regulations, low interest fund to enable increased Zambian participation, etc. There is also
a conducive agro and investment and climate for the industry. The global biofuels market is
enormous, and projected demand will not be met for a long time to come.
Furthermore, Outcomes of Investment in Biofuels Industry
Rural development and jobs since biofuels feedstocks are to be grown in country-side;
 Poverty reduction in both rural and urban areas;
 Enhanced food security;
 NET reduction in environmental degradation;
 Improved rural electrification and
 infrastructure; and
 A Win-Win investment result for both Zambia and investors.
Recommendation on RE Roadmap
 setting of binding national targets for the production of renewable energy is
one of the most effective mechanisms to accelerate their introduction
 In supporting access to energy in developing countries, international funding
agencies and ODA countries give priority to renewable energy projects that
support national targets, greater energy security, capacity building, and
poverty reduction and maximize local benefits.
 The government develop coherent, predictable, political and legal frameworks
that are “loud, long and legal” in order to create long-term certainty and
accelerate renewable energy market development
 Government set national renewable energy investment strategies that include
targets and establish new revolving funds
 All levels of government develop renewable energy policy and financing
mechanisms for renewables and efficiency that are coherent across all areas of
government
27 | P a g e
4.0 THE WORKPLAN
ACTIVITY
PARTIES
INVOLVED
National
Workshop
All
stakeholders
EECZ/ZAW/SNV
InteractionUN
UN- agencies
EECZ/ZAW/SNV
Media
Exposure
All media
houses
Biofuels forum
EECZ/ZAW/SNV
Field visis/Tv
documentaries/radi
o programs
Linking up
with
supportive
private
sector reps
Off record
and official
discussions
with GRZ
Develop
Proactive
proposals
for GAP &
NIP
Research &
data
gathering
Private sector
players
EECZ/ZAW/SNV
Muhanya solar
Interaction with
private sector
GRZ
EECZ/ZAW/SNV
/BAZ
Engagement with
GRZ
Specific
communities/
relevant
stakeholders
EECZ/ZAW/SNV
Human & financial
resources
TORS
Public
Activities
Members of
the public
Total
Budget
28 | P a g e
Specific
communities
&
stakeholders
ORGANISATIONS
REQUIREMENTS
OBJECTIVE
W/shop facilities/
Stationery/
Transport/
Facilitation/
Trasnsport/logistics
Input to fill
the gap
analysis
6,000
Lobby and
support for
SE4 ALL
Sensitization
programs
running on
SE4 ALL
Lobby for
funding and
support the
SE4 ALL
5000
Incentives
given to the
SE4 ALL
sector
Developed
full project
proposals on
SE4 ALL
500
Policy
analysis
Gathered
information
Dessiminati
on of results
Informed
members of
the
public/chang
e of mindset
on SE4 ALL
10,000
Engage consultant
EECZ/ZAW/SNV/T
DAU
EECZ/ZAW/SNV
Rasma& community
social rights
advocacy
CSRA-Juliet
Pendwa
Road
shows/exhibitions/
public forums
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
COST
12,000
500
1,000
6,000
RECOMMENDED ACTION POINT
S/
N
PROBLEM
ANALYSIS
1.
Lack of
sensitization
in
communities
on SE4ALL
Unavailabilit
y of
resources
No policy
supporting
SE4ALL
Lack of
awareness
among
policy
makers
2.
RECOMMENDATION
1.
2.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
3.
4
Unavailabilit
y of
infrastructure
Lack of
information
sources on
the matter
Lack of
support from
various
stakeholders
1.
No technical
parties
involved yet
1.
2.
2.
3.
5
No
technologies
available
Lack of
resources to
purchase
recommende
d
technologies
1.
2.
3.
6
Few
29 | P a g e
General lack
Lobby for resources
and conduct
sensitization in
communities
Different stake
holders must be made
Aware Of the
SE4ALL
Sensitize policy
makers on SE4ALL
Influence the vision
2030 and budgetary
process to provide for
SE4ALL
Creation of an
enabling environment
Sensitize MPS
Lobby for inclusion of
SE4ALL in SADC
and COMESA
Lobby for provision
of resources from
stakeholders
More fund for
infrastructure
development
Create a website to
publish all the
information on
SE4ALL
Increase ICT usage in
energy provision
Increase the period
under public activities
in the workplan
Lobby for more
resources to purchase
different technologies
Zero rating of
renewable energy
equipment
Promote the use of
Biomass technologies
which are also
user friendly
RESPONSIBLE
PERSON/ORGANISATIO
N
ECZ/WAZ/SNV
TIME
FRAME
Immediatel
y
ECZ/WAZ/SNV
ECZ/WAZ/SNV
Immediatel
y
Research and
Development
programs
Implemented
of
participants
in this field
and limited
resources
1.
2.
3.
4.
7
Power
Deficit i.e.
companies
operating @
25% of
production
Lack of
adaptation of
other forms
of energy
supplies
1.
Lobby for
operationalizatio
n of energy funds
Invest in
Research and
Development
Enhance funding
to regulatory
frameworks to
avoid
penalization
Undertake a
critical
stakeholder
analysis
promotion
of
other
fuel
sources
2.
provide
tax
incentives
for
adaptation
of
new
energy
technologies
3.
Undertake
a
technical audit to
reduce
production costs
4.
Lobby for safe
guards
in
renewable
energy
and
create
partnership
5.
Target the ESAG
i.e. biomass and
renewable
energy
30 | P a g e
5.0 CONCLUSION
The workshop was indeed a success as many participants had a lot of knowledge to share
with one another and necessary inclusions where made to the national action plan, it was
acknowledged therefore that a lot still needs to be done in order to realize the energy for
all implementation as a nation. Logistics need to be put place in terms of resources as well
as good infrastructure to support this project. As at present, achieving access to modern
energy is still an enormous challenge. There is need for large, sustained and coordinated
efforts from all the different stake holders more especially the public sector to kick start the
initiative positively. Stake holders should be able to contribute in an open, transparent and
detectable manner and must be accountable for the commitments they make towards the
implementation of this initiative.
There is need therefore to formulate the needed agreements and formulate necessary
institutional arrangements among the stakeholders. It is very much possible to achieve
sustainable energy for all in due course seeing that Communities around the world are
demonstrating the possibility of moving toward energy systems that are environmentally,
socially, and economically sustainable. A step is needed to be taken in lobbying for more
resources and targeting of key stakeholders who have the ability to influence this initiative
in a positive direction of actual realization.
31 | P a g e
No
NAME
ORGANISATION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
JULIET PENDWE
CHIPANGO KAMBOYI
CHANDA MONGO
BENNY NDONYO
IGNITIUS ZIBA
LWEENDO CHIKO
NKHOMA TONY
STANLEY SESA
KALUMBA CHIBABULA
TYSON CHISAMBO
ANNIE SAMPA
EKANATH KHATIWAD
RASHID PHIRI
CYNTHIA BWALYA
MWAPE MUSONDA
LUANE MUZYAMBA
CLEOPATRA CHITUNDU
18
19
20
21
22
23
MWAKA N
DAVID NGWENYAMA
NGANGULA NCHABA
VINCENT ZIBA
LEONARD SIMUKOKO
IREEN KABEKE
24
25
MARRIOT NYANGU
KAMBILI CHILUFYA
26
27
28
29
NAOMI NGANDU
PRUDENCE MULENGA
PAULINE BANDA
CEASAR KATEBE
COMMUNITY SOCIAL RIGHTS ADVOCATES
COPERBELT UNIVERSITY
SNV
EECZ
BWZ
5 FM
ZANIS
ZANIS
ZANIS
BAZ
PALISAH
SNV
RASIMA
RADIO CHRISTIAN VOICE
UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA
MARUM
NATIONAL INSITUTE OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION
HOT FM
CBNRM
EECZ
CBNRM
TDAU- UNZA
ZAMBIA NATIONAL BROADCASTING COORP.
CIVIL SOCIETY BIOFUEL
ZAMBIA ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
AGENCY
MUVI TV
MUVI TV
ZAW
ZAW
32 | P a g e
julietpendwe@yahoo.com
chipangokamboyi@yahoo.com
cmongo@snvworld.org
benndonyo@yahoo.co.uk
zossg@zamnet.zm
lweendohimonde@yahoo.com
tonynkhoma@gmail.com
ziccahiba@gmail.com
tysonbrunochisanba@yahoo.com
Chisasam12@yahoo.com
ekhatiwada@snvworld.com
rashidphiri@gmail.com
mukwasacynthia@gmail.com
l.muzyamba@gmail.com
cleopatrachitundu@gmail.com
Mwaritz1989@yahoo.com
Chisala.ngwenyama@zambia.com
eecz2002@yahoo.com
vinceziba@yahoo.com
Leornard.simukoko@unza.zm
Ireenkabeke@yahoo.co.uk
biofuelsforum@zambia.zm
kchilufya@zema.org.zm
naomingandu@yahoo.com
EXPENDITURE FOR SE4ALL WORKSHOP
Item
Quantity
Total
1. Workshop venue
02 days
$ 133.00
2. Stationery and
photocopying
-
$ 189.00
3. Transport refund for
local participants
4. Transport refund for
participants from
outside Lusaka
5. Meals /teas water
29 Participants
$ 645.00
07Participants
$ 1166.00
29
$1600.00
6. Accommodation for
participants from
outside Lusaka
Accommodation for 2
rooms
05 rooms x 2 nights
$950.00
02 rooms x 2 nights
$311.00
LCD Projector
$ 178.00
9. logistics
$ 188.00
Meals And drinks for
part outside lsk
$ 317.00
TOTAL
$5677.00
33 | P a g e
QUESTIONS REGARDING THE NATIONAL WORKSHOP
1. The workshop was held on 23 & 24/11/2012
2. No however we included strategic members of the Renewable Energy sub comm of the
Government ESAG and those that have interactions with UN
3. Yes.
4. Yes as attatched
Proposal not yet done
Yes as attached in the report.
5. Yes.
6. Not yet until after our next meeting
7. Ready
8.
34 | P a g e