‫التنفس هو عملية تبادل‬
‫للغازات بين الكائن الحي و الجو المحيط به‬
‫وهي عملية يتم فيها ايصال االكسجين إلى‬
‫خاليا الجسم لالستفادة منه‪ ،‬و التخلص‬
‫من ثاني اكسيد الكربون‬
‫بطرده الى خارج الجسم ‪.‬‬
‫‪The breathing system is used‬‬
‫‪by the body to get the oxygen‬‬
‫‪needed for respiration.‬‬
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‫التنفس الخلوي‬
Cellular Respiration
Key words
objectives
*Know
Cellular Respiration
Aerobic respiration
An aerobic respiration
the definition of
cellular respiration.
•Give the word and formula
equations for aerobic
respiration.
•Mention two types of
cellular respiration.
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The blood carries oxygen and glucose to all
the body’s cells so that respiration happen.
‫في أي جزء‬
‫بالخلية تحدث عملية‬
‫التنفس؟؟؟‬
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Mitochondrion
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Cellular Respiration :
is the breakdown of glucose
to make energy using oxygen .
The Equations
Glucose + oxygen
C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2
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carbon dioxide + water + energy
6 CO 2
+
6 H 2O + 673 K
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We have two types
of respiration
Aerobic respiration
‫التنفس الهوائـــــــــي في وجود‬
‫االكسجين‬
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An aerobic
respiration
‫التنفس الالهوائــــــي في عدم وجود‬
‫االكسجين‬
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Aerobic and anaerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration
When the body is able to supply the cells with the oxygen and
glucose that they need, it carries out aerobic respiration.
glucose
oxygen
carbon
dioxide
water
energy
Anaerobic respiration
When the body cannot supply the cells with the oxygen
needed to break down glucose, then it has to carry out
anaerobic respiration. Energy is released without oxygen:
glucose
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lactic
acid
energy
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Factors affecting of cellular respiration
Key words
1-Aerobic
respiration
2-oxygen
3-temperature
objectives
*Know
that the rate of
respiration is affected by
temperature & oxygen
concentration
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‫‪Factors affecting‬‬
‫‪cellular respiration‬‬
‫األكسجين‬
‫‪Oxygen‬‬
‫درجة الحرارة‬
‫‪Temperature‬‬
‫األكسجين ‪Oxygen‬‬
‫تتنفس النباتات تنفسا هوائيا و نقص األكسجين‬
‫بالجو المحيط بهذه النباتات يكون له ثأثيرات ضارة‬
‫ويختلف مدى الضرر باختالف نوع النبات أو النسيج‬
‫وعمره ومدة التعرض لهذه الظروف الالهوائية‬
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‫الحرارة ‪Temperature‬‬
‫زيادة درجة الحرارة تزيد من سرعة عملية التنفس و يظل‬
‫هذا التأثير لمدة معينة فقط بعدها يتعرض النبات لتأثيرات‬
‫عكسية ضارة فيزداد تركيز غاز ثاني اكسيد الكربون في‬
‫النبات‬
‫اما عند درجات الحرارة المنخفضة فإنه من المتوقع ان‬
‫يزداد تركيز ‪ CO2‬الناتج من التنفس وهو ما يؤدي الى‬
‫إبطاء التفاعالت‬
‫‪Search‬‬
‫بحث عن العوامــل األخرى المؤثرة على التنفس الخلوي‬
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What does the plant did?
make their own
food!
Green plants are
the
only living
organisms that are
able to do this.
What is the name of the process by which
plants make their own food?
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2004
‫البناء الضوئي‬
Photosynthesis
‫الكلمات الجديدة‬
Key words
•Photosynthesis
‫األهداف‬
objectives
1- Know the definition of
photosynthesis.
•Chlorophyll
•Biomass
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2- How to write the
photosynthesis equation.
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Structure of a leaf
How are leaves designed to maximise photosynthesis?
Leaves are wide and flat
to create a large surface
area and absorb as much
light as possible.
Leaves have lots of
veins to carry water
to the cells and carry
glucose away.
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Leaves are thin so
gases
can reach cells easily.
Leaves have holes,
called stomata, on their
underside through which
gases move in and out.
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Photosynthesis where it happens?
Green Plants use light
energy from the Sun to
power photosynthesis.
Where in the leaf does
this reaction take place?
Photosynthesis takes
place in chloroplasts.
Chloroplasts contain
chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll absorbs the
energy from sunlight that
allows carbon dioxide
and water to react.
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light
energy
chlorophyll
carbon
dioxide
oxygen
glucose
water
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Photosynthesis
Is a process in which green plants use
sun energy and chlorophyll to make its
own food.
‫هي العملية التي تقوم بها النباتات الخضراء باستخدام الطاقة الشمسية‬
. ‫ومادة الكلوروفيل حتى يصنع النبات غذائه بنفسه‬
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Word equation to chemical equation
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Photosynthesis and respiration
Compare the reactants, products &energy
results of these two chemical reactions?
Photosynthesis
carbon
dioxide
light energy
water
glucose
oxygen
chlorophyll
(energy needed)
Respiration
glucose
oxygen
carbon
dioxide
water
(energy released)
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Photosynthesis multiple-choice quiz
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Investigating photosynthesis - apparatus
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Investigating photosynthesis - experiment
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How do plants grow?
Plant cells in the upper surface of leaves have chloroplasts
which contain the green pigment called chlorophyll.
light energy
carbon dioxide
(from the air)
chlorophyll
glucose
oxygen
water
(from the soil)
It is chlorophyll that absorbs light energy from the Sun
to make photosynthesis happen.
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