ELA Final Exam/Post Test Study Guide
You will need to know the following terms because questions will include these
terms or you will be asked to identify or correct them in a sentence or reading
passage:
ThemePoint of viewRun-on sentenceNarratorIndependent clausePrepositional phraseCoordinate adjectivesLatin rootGreek rootGreek prefixSimple sentenceCompound sentenceComplex sentenceCompound complex sentenceMisplaced modifierDangling modifierCoordinate adjectiveshttp://www.gingersoftware.com/english-online/spelling-book/confusingwords/aide-aid
http://www.vocabulary.com/articles/chooseyourwords/cite-site-sight/
http://membean.com/wrotds/port-carry
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/geo-
http://membean.com/wrotds/mono-one
Structurally, English sentences can be classified four different ways, though there are endless
constructions of each. The classifications are based on the number of independent and dependent
clauses a sentence contains. An independent clause forms a complete sentence on its own, while a
dependent clause needs another clause to make a complete sentence. By learning these types, writers
can add complexity and variation to their sentences.
Simple sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and no
dependent clauses.

My aunt enjoyed taking the hayride with you.

China's Han Dynasty marked an official recognition of Confucianism.
Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple independent
clauses but no dependent clauses.

The clown frightened the little girl, and she ran off screaming.

The Freedom Riders departed on May 4, 1961, and they were determined to travel
through many southern states.
Complex Sentence: A sentence with one independent clause and at
least one dependent clause.

After Mary added up all the sales, she discovered that the lemonade stand was
32 cents short.

While all of his paintings are fascinating, Hieronymus Bosch's triptychs, full
of mayhem and madness, are the real highlight of his art.
Complex-Compound Sentence: A sentence with multiple
independent clauses and at least one dependent clause.

Catch-22 is widely regarded as Joseph Heller's best novel, and because Heller
served in World War II, which the novel satirizes, the zany but savage wit of
the novel packs an extra punch.
Misplaced and dangling modifiers practice
http://www.chompchomp.com/modifiers01/modifiers01.01.htm
What Is an Independent Clause? (with Examples)
An independent clause is a clause that can stand alone as a sentence (i.e., it expresses a
complete thought).
An independent clause, like all clauses, has a subject and verb.
When there are no dependent clauses in the same sentence an independent clause, the
independent clause is a simple sentence. For example:
I like coconut macaroons.
(This is an independent clause and simple sentence.)

I like coconut macaroons even though I dislike coconut.
(This is an independent clause and a dependent clause. This is a complex sentence.)
Examples of Independent Clauses
Here are some examples of independent clauses (shaded). Notice how they could stand
alone as sentences. (This is the difference between an independent clause and a dependent
clause.)
Life is something that happens when you can't get to sleep. (Fran Lebowitz)

The best defense against the atom bomb is not to be there when it goes off. (Anon)

I have enough money to last me the rest of my life, unless I buy something. (Jackie
Mason)

Even if you're on the right track, you'll get run over if you just sit there. (Will Rogers,
1879-1935)

My one regret in life is that I am not someone else. (Woody Allen)
Prepositional phrases https://quizlet.com/9004073/prepositional-phraseexamples-flash-cards/
Coordinate adjectives
Forecasters warned of another day of hot, windy conditions across Southern California on Sunday.
[Los Angeles Times]
In addition, their breathtakingly cruel and callous actions also led to a tribute plaque. [Liverpool
Echo]
Obama stands accused of giving stuffy, cliche-ridden graduation speeches. [Standard-Examiner]
And these adjective pairs are not coordinate because they modify their nouns in different
ways:
Amazon prepping multiple wallet-friendly tablets. [CNET]
With this in mind, I wanted to design a screen to identify dirt-cheap smaller companies. [Seeking
Alpha]
The Red Wings are demonstrably a tough hockey team.

Poet's Page
The Twins - Poem by Henry Sambrooke Leigh
In form and feature, face and limb,
I grew so like my brother,
That folks got taking me for him,
And each for one another.
It puzzled all our kith and kin,
It reached a fearful pitch;
For one of us was born a twin,
Yet not a soul knew which.
One day, to make the matter worse,
Before our names were fixed,
As we were being washed by nurse,
We got completely mixed;
And thus, you see, by fate's decree,
Or rather nurse's whim,
My brother John got christened me,
And I got christened him.
This fatal likeness even dogged
My footsteps when at school,
And I was always getting flogged,
For John turned out a fool.
I put this question, fruitlessly,
To everyone I knew,
'What would you do, if you were me,
To prove that you were you?'
Our close resemblance turned the tide
Of my domestic life,
For somehow, my intended bride
Became my brother's wife.
In fact, year after year the same
Absurd mistakes went on,
And when I died, the neighbors came
And buried brother John.
1.
2.
The two main characters are twin ____________________.
What 2 complications do they encounter as children?
3.
What problem arises when they become adults?
4.
What is the final problem encountered by the brothers?