Week 6: October 5-9, 2015 Unit I: America as a World Power Week 2 Why are we here TODAY? 1) Build relationships through Conversation Piece discussion of growth vs. fixed MINDSET, OHP, Tuesday Newsday, and Meme voting. 2) Explore Ch. 19: America’s Foreign Policy (notes & cartoon activity) Homework: Complete Ch. 20 “notes” Prepare to TALK about foreign policy Monday, October 5, 2015 I. Conversation Piece Fixed vs. Growth MINDSET Tuesday Newsday? Meme voting! II. Ch. 19: Foreign Policy Recap “notes” and complete CARTOON activity Trench Day: 10/9! What are the different (competing) ideologies related to foreign policy? http://mindsetonline.com/testyourmindset/step1.php Challenges Obstacles Effort Criticism Success of Others …give up easily …see effort as fruitless or worse …ignore useful negative feedback …feel threatened by the success of others ….persist in the path to mastery …see effort as the path to mastery …learn from criticism …find lessons and inspiration in the success of others Fixed Mindset: Leads to a desire to look smart and therefore a tendency to… …avoid challenges Growth Mindset: Leads to a desire to learn and therefore a tendency to… …embrace challenges Adapted from: Dweck, Carol. Mindset: The Psychology of Success. Random House, 2006. http://growthmindseteaz.org/Testintelligence.html • “The difference between a stumbling block and a stepping stone is how high you raise your foot.” -Benny Lewis • “A stumbling block to the pessimist is a stepping-stone to the optimist.” • “It seems that the necessary thing to do is not to fear mistakes, to plunge in, to do the best that one can, hoping to learn enough from blunders to correct them eventually.” - Abraham Maslow • “A Problem is a chance to do your best.” • “Courage doesn't always roar. Sometimes courage is the quiet voice at the end of the day saying, "I will try again tomorrow." - Author Unknown • “Don't be afraid to give your best to what seemingly are small jobs. Every time you conquer one it makes you that much stronger. If you do the little jobs well, the big ones will tend to take care of themselves.” -Andrew Carnegie • “It is common sense to take a method and try it. If it fails, admit it frankly and try another. But above all, try something.” -Franklin D. Roosevelt • “The wind and the waves are always on the side of the ablest navigators.” • “The purpose of life is to live it, to taste experience to the utmost, to reach out eagerly and without fear for newer and richer experience.” -Eleanor Roosevelt • “Some of the steps you take may end up being detours or out-and-out mistakes. By staying focused on your vision, though, you’ll find even those steps useful in the creating process.” -David Emerald - Eleanor Roosevelt - Duke Ellington -Edward Gibbon • "The old believe everything; the middle aged suspect everything: the young know everything." --Unknown • “Ninety-nine percent of all failures come from people who have a habit of making excuses.” -George Washington Carver • “What we think or what we know or what we believe is, in the end, of little consequence. The only consequence is what we do.” -John Ruskin • “Don't bother just to be better than your contemporaries or predecessors. Try to be better than yourself.” -William Faulkner • “A philosophy of life: I'm an adventurer, looking for treasure.” • “When it is obvious that the goals cannot be reached, don't adjust the goals, adjust the action steps.” -Confucius • “The essential difference between emotion and reason is that emotion leads to action while reason leads to conclusions.” -Donald Calne • “It is our choices...that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities.” -J. K. Rowling • “You can't build a reputation on what you are going to do.” -Henry Ford • "I know that you believe you understand what you think I said, but I'm not sure you realize that what you heard is not what I meant. " -Unknown • “The fool doth think he is wise, but the wise man knows himself to be a fool.” -William Shakespeare -Paulo Coelho “All our dreams can come true, if we have the courage to pursue them.” -Walt Disney What was, is, and ought to be America’s role in the world? Foreign policy Socratic circle coming foreign policy • the set of goals, principles, and practices that guide a nation in its relations with other countries. • realists and idealists shaped American foreign policy during the 1800s. • Will your “foreign policy” doctrine be based on pragmatism? Idealism? Both? Other? Ch. 19: Setting a Course of Expansionism • During the 1800s, U.S. foreign policy was guided by two goals. The first was to keep the United States free of foreign alliances and out of foreign conflicts. The second was to expand the United States across the North American continent. As Americans began to look outward in the late 1800s, they debated the nation's proper role in world affairs. • Realism and idealism U.S. foreign policy is generally a blend of realism and idealism. With realism, the focus is on practical concerns and national selfinterest. With idealism, the focus is on moral values and the spread of American ideals. • Neutrality and unilateralism Following the advice given by Washington in his Farewell Address, the United States tried to stay neutral in foreign wars and avoid alliances with other countries. The War of 1812 was fought in part to defend American rights as a neutral nation. • The Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine warned European powers that the United States would view efforts to establish colonies in the Americas or interfere with new Latin American republics as hostile to its interests. • Continental expansion Following a policy of expansion through diplomacy, the United States acquired the Louisiana Territory, Florida, Oregon Territory, and Alaska. By winning the Mexican War, it gained vast lands in the Southwest. • Overseas expansion In the late 1800s, the United States began to look overseas for new territory and influence. At the same time, Americans began to debate the role and value of overseas expansion. Which is closer to “pragmatism:” realism or idealism? • Realist: sees the world as it is and accepts it as is - does not try to change anything. Pragmatist: wishes the world was a better place but recognizes what it actually is - tries to improve things but recognizes that nothing changes overnight and that some things will never change. • http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_major_differences_between_realism_and_pragmatism diplomacy • the art of conducting negotiations with other nations. • Diplomacy may lead to informal agreements as well as treaties. • A second tool is financial aid in the form of grants or loans. Such aid can be used to support friendly nations or influence their policies. • A third tool is the threat or the use of armed force. realism • in foreign policy, the belief that international relations should be guided by pragmatic selfinterest-practical goals such as national defense and access to resources • From this perspective, foreign policy should pursue practical objectives that benefit the American people. Such objectives might include national security, increased trade with other nations, and access to overseas resources. idealism • in foreign policy, the belief that moral values should influence international relations • From this point of view, foreign policy should be used to promote America's founding ideals—particularly democracy, liberty, and rights—to ensure a better world not just for Americans, but for all people. What drives your decisions? More terms foreign policy terms • neutrality: the policy of not taking sides in wars between other nations • unilateralism: a policy of not seeking military or political alliances with foreign powers • Under this policy, the United States "went it alone" in its relations with other countries. It did not seek either military or political alliances with foreign powers. More terms foreign policy terms • Monroe Doctrine: the declaration by President James Monroe in 1823 warning European powers against future colonization in the Western Hemisphere or interference in Latin American republics • Roosevelt added a “corollary” More terms foreign policy terms • cede: to give up or grant land to another country, typically by treaty • imperialism: empire building • protectorate: a nation protected and controlled by a stronger nation Homework: Complete Ch. 20 “notes”…READ foreign policy articles (2+) & prepare for Socratic circle (Wed-Thurs, 10/7-10/8) What are the Tuesday, October 6, 2015 different I. Ch. 19: Foreign Policy (competing) Read “differing viewpoints” and ideologies related to complete CARTOON activity foreign policy? II. Ch. 20: Spanish-American War Video clip(s) & notes Examining Differing Viewpoints Viewpoint 1 The U.S. must compete with the colonial powers. Key proponent: Paraphrase of proponent’s quote: Viewpoint 2 The U.S. should set an example of democracy and peace. Key proponent: Paraphrase of proponent’s quote: Viewpoint 3 The U.S. should spread its beliefs abroad. Key proponent: Paraphrase of proponent’s quote: Viewpoint 4 The U.S. must build a strong navy to defend its interests abroad. Key proponent: Paraphrase of proponent’s quote: Each group of 4 students should cut up the cartoon sheet into 8 rectangles (to be matched so that the cartoon connects to the “viewpoint”). Which cartoon shows the viewpoint of Henry Cabot Lodge? Carl Schurz? Josiah Strong? Alfred T. Mahan? History Alive!, p. 255-257 Examining Differing Viewpoints Viewpoint 1 The U.S. must compete with the colonial powers. Key proponent: Paraphrase of proponent’s quote: Viewpoint 2 The U.S. should set an example of democracy and peace. Key proponent: Paraphrase of proponent’s quote: Viewpoint 3 The U.S. should spread its beliefs abroad. Key proponent: Paraphrase of proponent’s quote: Viewpoint 4 The U.S. must build a strong navy to defend its interests abroad. Key proponent: Paraphrase of proponent’s quote: Each group of 4 students should cut up the cartoon sheet into 8 rectangles (to be matched so that the cartoon connects to the “viewpoint”). Which cartoon shows the viewpoint of Henry Cabot Lodge? Carl Schurz? Josiah Strong? Alfred T. Mahan? History Alive!, p. 255-257 A B C D Cartoon A Cartoon B Cartoon C Cartoon D Which is the best cartoon for Viewpoint 1? Viewpoint 1 Viewpoint 1 matches Cartoon D paraphrased Lodge quotation: European countries are expanding overseas. The United States should also try to expand overseas. D Which is the best cartoon for Viewpoint 2? Viewpoint 2 Viewpoint 2 matches Cartoon B paraphrased Schurz quotation: The United States should spread peace throughout the world and be a friend to other nations. B Cartoon B Which is the best cartoon for Viewpoint 3? Viewpoint 3 C Viewpoint 3 matches Cartoon C paraphrased Strong quotation: Due to their advanced civilization and Christian beliefs, white, English-speaking people will eventually control most of the world. Cartoon C How well did you (your group?) do with matching ALL four viewpoints? A Viewpoint 4 Viewpoint 4 matches Cartoon A paraphrased Mahan quotation: The United States should strengthen its navy so that it can defend American interests in the world. Cartoon A Homework: By Monday, 10/12: watch and/or get NOTES on (U.S. & the World 1867-1917) video, plus Ch. 21 notes; OHP proposal Wednesday, October 7, 2015 I. Ch. 20: Spanish-American War Video clip(s) & notes “recap” II. Socratic Circle: Foreign Policy What was, is, and ought to be America’s role in the world? What’s your view of U.S. foreign policy? Ch. 20: The Spanish-America War • • • • • • • As a result of its victory in the Spanish-American War, the United States became a world power with overseas possessions. In the eyes of many, the United States had become an imperialist nation. Cuban revolt Cubans rose up against Spanish rule in the late 1800s, and many were imprisoned in reconcentration camps. Many Americans sympathized with the Cubans' plight. Role of the press American newspapers exaggerated stories about the Cuban revolt to play on American sympathies and sell papers. Yellow journalism helped push the country toward war. The de Lôme Letter and the USS Maine Two incidents increased tensions between the United States and Spain. A letter from the Spanish ambassador criticizing President McKinley, followed by the sinking of the USS Maine in Havana harbor, incited American anger. A "splendid little war" After negotiations failed, Congress declared war on Spain. The war, which lasted just four months, began in the Philippines and ended in Cuba and Puerto Rico. Many volunteers fought with the U.S. forces, including Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders. The most important battle of the war took place on San Juan Hill, outside Santiago. Arguing over imperialism The Treaty of Paris recognized the U.S. victory and left the United States in possession of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Members of the Anti-Imperialist League spoke out against the treaty, but it was eventually ratified by the Senate. Cuba and the Platt Amendment Although the Treaty of Paris granted independence to Cuba, the United States maintained control over the island. The Platt Amendment allowed the United States to intervene in Cuban affairs and establish military bases in Cuba. What was, is, and should be America’s role in the world? (US foreign policy: past, present, & future!) • At any given time, realism or idealism may dominate this country's relations with other nations. However, most of the time, U.S. foreign policy reflects a blend of the two schools of thought. • What WERE America’s original principles, in in terms of its foreign policy? • How did U.S. foreign policies CHANGE in in the 1800s (late 19th century into the early 1900s)? • What IS the U.S.A. doing TODAY, in terms of its interaction with other nations? • What SHOULD America be doing in the coming decades of the 21st century? Do your best to make a meaningful & respectful contribution to an “intelligent conversation…” U.S. & the World (1867-1917) Time Line 1867 — Secretary of State Seward negotiates the purchase of Alaska. 1869 — The transcontinental railroad is completed. 1883 — The United States begins constructing a powerful naval fleet. 1887 — Congress passes the Dawes Act. 1890 — Hundreds of Sioux are massacred at Wounded Knee. 1890 — Alfred Mahan publishes The Influence of Sea Power upon History. 1898 — The American battleship Maine explodes, killing over two hundred sailors. 1898 — The United States defeats Spain in the Spanish-American War. 1898 — Hawaii is annexed by the United States. 1901 — President McKinley is assassinated; Theodore Roosevelt becomes president. 1902 — The Philippine-American War ends; America controls the Philippines. 1903 — President Roosevelt issues his Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. 1914 — The Panama Canal opens. 1914 — The Mexican Revolution begins. 1916 — Pancho Villa attacks the U.S.; General Pershing’s expedition into Mexico begins. http://safari.bucksiu.org/?a=25736&ch=1&d=02233AA U.S. & the World (1865-1917): An Introduction http://safari.bucksiu.org/?a=25736&ch=3&d=02233AA U.S. History: From Isolation to Empire http://safari.bucksiu.org/?a=25736&ch=3&d=02233AA U.S. History: From Isolation to Empire :http://safari.bucksiu.org/?a=25736&ch=5&d=02233AA The American Empire http://safari.bucksiu.org/?a=25736&ch=6&d=02233AA America in the Caribbean http://safari.bucksiu.org/?a=25736&ch=7&d=02233AA The Panama Canal http://safari.bucksiu.org/?a=25736&ch=8&d=02233AA The United States and Latin America The. U.S. & the World 1865-1917 From Safari Montage The. U.S. & the World 1865-1917 From Safari Montage The. U.S. & the World 1865-1917 From Safari Montage Homework: By Monday, 10/12: watch and/or get NOTES on (U.S. & the World 1867-1917) video, plus Ch. 21 notes; OHP proposal Thursday, October 8, 2015 I. Socratic Circle: Foreign Policy What was, is, and ought to be America’s role in the world? II. Trench Day Prep What’s your view of U.S. foreign policy? What was, is, and should be America’s role in the world? (US foreign policy: past, present, & future!) • At any given time, realism or idealism may dominate this country's relations with other nations. However, most of the time, U.S. foreign policy reflects a blend of the two schools of thought. • What WERE America’s original principles, in in terms of its foreign policy? • How did U.S. foreign policies CHANGE in in the 1800s (late 19th century into the early 1900s)? • What IS the U.S.A. doing TODAY, in terms of its interaction with other nations? • What SHOULD America be doing in the coming decades of the 21st century? Trench Day: “Exit Ticket” (HW reflection) Objective This simulation is designed to give students an understanding of the trench warfare system utilized during the First World War. Respond via email using your CBSD account: 1) My overall reaction to “Trench Day” is…. 2) The most authentic part of the simulation was… 3) A question, comment, or suggestion that I have is… mrobinso@cbsd.org #period1 #period2 #period3 #period4 #period6 Ch. 10: America Claims an Empire History Alive! Ch. 19-21 Responses will vary but should include points similar to the following: 1. American imperialism was shaped by economic competition for raw materials and new markets, political and military competition for power, and an ideology that considered English culture superior to others. 2. The United States entered a war against Spain in 1898 and won Puerto Rico. It also purchased the Philippines and took a dominant role in Cuba. 3. Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States, which chose its government. In Cuba, the United States secured passage of a new constitution that gave it the right to step in if it desired. In the Philippines, the United States fought Filipinos seeking to win full independence. 4. Roosevelt asserted American power by leading negotiations to end a war between Russia and Japan, by sending a fleet around the world, and by helping Panama win independence so the United States could build the Panama Canal. Unit I: America as a World Power Enduring Understandings EUs Students will understand that… 1. Since resources are unequally divided across the earth societies will CONFLICT COOPERATION to secure them. either enter into or 2. American foreign policy is motivated by both & . PRAGMATISM IDEALISM 3. The evolution of America’s role in the world has created divisive ARGUMENTS among American citizens and government(s). 4. The impact of American foreign policy has left a MIXED legacy. Unit I: America as a World Power • What considerations should guide the development of American foreign policy? • When should the United States go to war? • What responsibilities do people with power have to those people who have less power? Our focus is our nation’s growth into a major world power. We’ll examine the roots of American global expansion, foreign policy ideologies (pragmatism, expansionism, and isolationism), the Open Door Policy, the Spanish-American War, the construction of the Panama Canal, and America's involvement in the “Great War.” Did our growth help or hinder the American ideals? Ch. 11: First World War History Alive! Ch. 22-25 1. The factors that led to war in Europe were nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and a system of alliances that made an attack on one nation a conflict that involved many interlinked allies. 2. The United States tried to remain neutral in World War I, but emotional and economic ties to Great Britain gradually moved it to the side of the Allies. German submarine attacks convinced Wilson to declare war. 3. At home during the war, production increased, and so did union membership. Many women entered industry, and thousands of African Americans moved from the South to the North seeking jobs and an end to segregation. 4. Many Americans objected to the Treaty of Versailles because it seemed to betray the high principles Wilson had announced. Many disliked the idea of a League of Nations, fearing it would involve the United States in foreign conflicts. The Great War From Safari Montage Lenape Trench Day Trench Day Objective This simulation is designed to give students an understanding of the trench warfare system utilized during the First World War. Teacher talk "trench warfare" Somme 3 minute trench warfare (no narration) Directions Social Studies classes will be divided into two even teams • The Goal: Teams must try to get as many people across “No Man’s Land” safely. • In other words, you must go “over the top” (jump over mats) climb under barb wire (yarn) and get to the other side of the gym without getting hit by a ball. • The number of people that make is safely across “No Man’s Land” will be calculated after each round. • The team with the highest number at the end of all the rounds will win. Rules If you are hit by a ball you are OUT No head shots No jumping over the “barb wire” you must crawl under it. Rules Wear appropriate clothing • Sneakers • Clothes you can move around in • Camouflage is encouraged! Use appropriate school behavior Expect scenario changes HAVE FUN! The Great War From Safari Montage The Great War From Safari Montage The Great War From Safari Montage TIMELINE 1914—Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated; World War I begins. 1915—British passenger liner Lusitania is sunk. 1916—Woodrow Wilson is reelected president of the United States. 1917—President Wilson asks for a declaration of war against Germany. 1917—The Espionage Act is passed. 1918—The Sedition Act is passed. 1918—World War I ends. 1918—An influenza pandemic kills millions worldwide. 1919—Major race riots occur in American cities. 1919—Numerous labor strikes impact the nation 1920—The Nineteenth Amendment is ratified. Ch. 19: Setting a Course of Expansionism • During the 1800s, U.S. foreign policy was guided by two goals. The first was to keep the United States free of foreign alliances and out of foreign conflicts. The second was to expand the United States across the North American continent. As Americans began to look outward in the late 1800s, they debated the nation's proper role in world affairs. • Realism and idealism U.S. foreign policy is generally a blend of realism and idealism. With realism, the focus is on practical concerns and national selfinterest. With idealism, the focus is on moral values and the spread of American ideals. • Neutrality and unilateralism Following the advice given by Washington in his Farewell Address, the United States tried to stay neutral in foreign wars and avoid alliances with other countries. The War of 1812 was fought in part to defend American rights as a neutral nation. • The Monroe Doctrine The Monroe Doctrine warned European powers that the United States would view efforts to establish colonies in the Americas or interfere with new Latin American republics as hostile to its interests. • Continental expansion Following a policy of expansion through diplomacy, the United States acquired the Louisiana Territory, Florida, Oregon Territory, and Alaska. By winning the Mexican War, it gained vast lands in the Southwest. • Overseas expansion In the late 1800s, the United States began to look overseas for new territory and influence. At the same time, Americans began to debate the role and value of overseas expansion. Ch. 20: The Spanish-America War • • • • • • • As a result of its victory in the Spanish-American War, the United States became a world power with overseas possessions. In the eyes of many, the United States had become an imperialist nation. Cuban revolt Cubans rose up against Spanish rule in the late 1800s, and many were imprisoned in reconcentration camps. Many Americans sympathized with the Cubans' plight. Role of the press American newspapers exaggerated stories about the Cuban revolt to play on American sympathies and sell papers. Yellow journalism helped push the country toward war. The de Lôme Letter and the USS Maine Two incidents increased tensions between the United States and Spain. A letter from the Spanish ambassador criticizing President McKinley, followed by the sinking of the USS Maine in Havana harbor, incited American anger. A "splendid little war" After negotiations failed, Congress declared war on Spain. The war, which lasted just four months, began in the Philippines and ended in Cuba and Puerto Rico. Many volunteers fought with the U.S. forces, including Theodore Roosevelt's Rough Riders. The most important battle of the war took place on San Juan Hill, outside Santiago. Arguing over imperialism The Treaty of Paris recognized the U.S. victory and left the United States in possession of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines. Members of the Anti-Imperialist League spoke out against the treaty, but it was eventually ratified by the Senate. Cuba and the Platt Amendment Although the Treaty of Paris granted independence to Cuba, the United States maintained control over the island. The Platt Amendment allowed the United States to intervene in Cuban affairs and establish military bases in Cuba. Ch. 21: Acquiring and Managing Global Power • At the start of the 20th century, the United States was an imperialist nation with overseas possessions. Three presidents—Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson— developed foreign policies designed to expand American power and protect American interests. • Roosevelt Corollary President Roosevelt followed the Big Stick Policy in foreign affairs. In 1904, he issued the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. This policy called on the United States to use "international police power" to promote order and security in the Western Hemisphere. The use of force became a key element of foreign policy. • Dollar Diplomacy President Taft's Dollar Diplomacy focused on economic goals overseas. He emphasized the spread of American influence through economic activity. But he also sent troops to protect American interests. • Moral Diplomacy President Wilson favored a moral approach to foreign policy. He wanted to spread democratic ideals overseas. Yet he also used force to uphold American interests. • Latin America The United States became deeply involved in Latin America in the early 1900s. It helped Panama gain independence and built the Panama Canal. It intervened in Mexico. It made Puerto Rico a U.S. possession. • Asia and the Pacific The Philippines became a U.S. possession, and the United States put down an independence movement there. It annexed Hawaii after white planters overthrew the native monarchy. In China, it applied its Open Door Policy to limit foreign control and maintain access to Chinese markets. Ch. 10: America Claims an Empire History Alive! Ch. 19-21 Responses will vary but should include points similar to the following: 1. American imperialism was shaped by economic competition for raw materials and new markets, political and military competition for power, and an ideology that considered English culture superior to others. 2. The United States entered a war against Spain in 1898 and won Puerto Rico. It also purchased the Philippines and took a dominant role in Cuba. 3. Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States, which chose its government. In Cuba, the United States secured passage of a new constitution that gave it the right to step in if it desired. In the Philippines, the United States fought Filipinos seeking to win full independence. 4. Roosevelt asserted American power by leading negotiations to end a war between Russia and Japan, by sending a fleet around the world, and by helping Panama win independence so the United States could build the Panama Canal. Ch. 11: First World War History Alive! Ch. 22-25 1. The factors that led to war in Europe were nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and a system of alliances that made an attack on one nation a conflict that involved many interlinked allies. 2. The United States tried to remain neutral in World War I, but emotional and economic ties to Great Britain gradually moved it to the side of the Allies. German submarine attacks convinced Wilson to declare war. 3. At home during the war, production increased, and so did union membership. Many women entered industry, and thousands of African Americans moved from the South to the North seeking jobs and an end to segregation. 4. Many Americans objected to the Treaty of Versailles because it seemed to betray the high principles Wilson had announced. Many disliked the idea of a League of Nations, fearing it would involve the United States in foreign conflicts. Do you believe that LESS can be MORE? Ch. 10: America Claims an Empire History Alive! Ch. 19-21 1. Name the three factors that shaped American imperialism. 100% participation 2. Identify former Spanish colonies and BREIFLY explain how the US gained control of them. 30 seconds!!! 3. List & describe examples of how the US administered its newfound territories. 10-15 words…1-2 per person 4. Describe several ways that President Theodore Roosevelt asserted American power. TODAY! Ch. 11: First World War History Alive! Ch. 22-25 1. Name & describe the four factors that led to war in Europe. 2. Identify and BRIEFLY explain what led America into World War I after initially being neutral. 3. Describe several ways that World War I led to change in American society. 4. What was contained in the Treaty of Versailles and why did Americans object? Ch. 10: America Claims an Empire History Alive! Ch. 19-21 1. Name any two of the three factors that shaped American imperialism. 2. Identify a former Spanish colony and BREIFLY explain how the US gained control of it. 3. List & describe one example of how the US administered its newfound territories. 4. Describe one way that President Theodore Roosevelt asserted American power. Ch. 10: America Claims an Empire History Alive! Ch. 19-21 1. Name any two of the three factors that shaped American imperialism. 1. American imperialism was shaped by economic competition for raw materials and new markets, political and military competition for power, and an ideology that considered English culture superior to others. 2. Identify a former Spanish colony and BREIFLY explain how the US gained control of it. 2. The United States entered a war against Spain in 1898 and won Puerto Rico. It also purchased the Philippines and took a dominant role in Cuba. 3. List & describe one example of how the US administered its newfound territories. 3. Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States, which chose its government. In Cuba, the United States secured passage of a new constitution that gave it the right to step in if it desired. In the Philippines, the United States fought Filipinos seeking to win full independence. 4. Describe one way that President Theodore Roosevelt asserted American power. 4. Roosevelt asserted American power by leading negotiations to end a war between Russia and Japan, by sending a fleet around the world, and by helping Panama win independence so the United States could build the Panama Canal. Ch. 11: First World War History Alive! Ch. 22-25 1. Name any two of the four factors that led to war in Europe. 2. Identify and BRIEFLY explain one thing that led America into World War I after initially being neutral. 3. Describe any two ways that World War I led to change in American society. 4. What was contained in the Treaty of Versailles and why did Americans object? Ch. 11: The First World War History Alive! Ch. 22-25 Name any two of the four factors that led to war in Europe. The factors that led to war in Europe were nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and a system of alliances that made an attack on one nation a conflict that involved many interlinked allies. Identify & BRIEFLY explain one thing that led America into WW I after initially being neutral. The United States tried to remain neutral in World War I, but emotional and economic ties to Great Britain gradually moved it to the side of the Allies. German submarine attacks convinced Wilson to declare war. Describe any two ways that World War I led to change in American society. At home during the war, production increased, and so did union membership. Many women entered industry, and thousands of African Americans moved from the South to the North seeking jobs and an end to segregation. What was contained in the Treaty of Versailles and why did Americans object? Many Americans objected to the Treaty of Versailles because it seemed to betray the high principles Wilson had announced. Many disliked the idea of a League of Nations, fearing it would involve the United States in foreign conflicts.