Name: ________________________________________ Block: ________ Date: _______________
Test Review: Bacteria, Viruses and Microscopes (Chapter 19, 40 and Appendix D)
This should help you prepare for the test and see what area’s you might need to review. Please remember
that I am here each morning. You need to take the initiative to see me if you are struggling with material.
Answer the Following Questions
1. The German physician Robert Koch provided evidence to support the germ theory of infectious
disease. Koch isolated bacteria from a cow with anthrax, and then injected the bacteria into a healthy
mouse. To support germ theory, what must have happened to the healthy mouse? _______________
2. A ____________________ is any disease-causing organism.
3. __________________ postulate’s was an effective method for determining the cause of Lyme disease.
4. The ______________ theory of disease states that infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms.
5. The immune system is triggered by a (an) ______________________.
6. Mosquitoes that carry disease-causing organisms from person to person are called _______________.
7. ________________________ are used to treat infectious diseases caused by bacteria.
8. A Gram (+) positive bacteria will appear what color? _____________________
9. A method called Gram staining is used to tell you what about bacteria? _________________________
10. List the two ways that bacteria cause disease? _______________________ , ____________________
11. __________________________ is a type of asexual reproduction in which a prokaryote replicates its
DNA, divides in half, and producing two identical daughter cells.
12. Bacteria that break down the nutrients in dead matter into simpler substance that are taken up by plant
roots are called. _____________________________
13. List several foods that are produced using bacteria? _____________ , ____________ , ____________
14. What do viruses need to reproduce? _________________________________
15. A lytic infection concludes with what event? ______________________________
16. What is the basic structure of a virus? __________________________________
17. Some unicellular organisms are motile (have the ability to move) and some are non-motile. Which
cellular structures are associated with movement? _________________________________
18. List the shapes of the following bacteria.
A. _____________________________
B. _____________________________
C. _____________________________
Using a Microscope
Make sure that you know the function of each structure found on pages 1064 of your textbook.
What is the size (in µm) of the object below? _______
Total Magnification under High Power: ____________.
Total Magnification under Low Power: _____________.
High Power (40 x)
Scientific Method
A student placed a disk of filter paper in each of the following solutions: disinfectant 1, disinfectant 2,
disinfectant 3, and distilled water. She streaked a sterile petri dish with a culture of E. coli bacteria. Then,
she placed each disk carefully onto the petri dish, placed the lid on the dish, taped it shut, and incubated
the dish at 37°C for several days. The figure below shows how the petri dish looked on Day 1 and Day 4.
Control Group: __________________________
Independent Variable: ____________________
Dependent Variable: _____________________
Constants: _____________________________
Short Answer
A. Discuss two differences and two similarities between eubacteria and archaebacteria.
B. Describe the difference between the lysogenic and lytic cycles.