Warm-Up #13 10/19/11
1) What are two main differences between animal and plant cells?
2) Who was the plant scientist in the cell theory?
3) Who was the animal scientist?
* You have 10 minutes to get the warm-up done and make sure the homework is done from yesterday.

Essential Question
 What is the cause behind most infectious diseases?

Robert Hooke
 1665
 Coined term cell by looking at cork (plant) that resembled monastery’s tiny rooms.
 Saw cell walls
 Cell —the basic unit of life
 Used compound microscope

Anton van Leeuwenhoek
 1674
 First person to see living things!

Francesco Redi
 1668
 First controlled experiment!!
 Control was leaving one jar open — the experiment in the absence of the
IV
 IV was the degree of coverage — gauze or completely sealed off
 DV was the result —did maggots appear?

Redi’s Experiment

What three men contributed to the cell theory?
 Plant guy —Matthias Schleiden
 Animal guy —Theodor Schwann
 Cell guy —Rudolph Virchow

Robert Koch
 Developed a series of rules to identify microorganisms that cause specific diseases.
 First to isolate tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax!
 Won the Nobel Prize for TB.

Koch’s Postulates
1. Pathogen should be found in the body of a sick organism and not in a healthy one.
2. Pathogen must be isolated and grown in a laboratory in pure culture.

3. When cultured pathogens are placed in a new host, the host should get the same disease.
4. The pathogen should be isolated from the second host. It must be identical to the original.

Louis Pasteur
 Discovered fermentation of beer and wine is caused by microorganisms.
 Developed ‘Pasteurization’ for beer, wine, and milk.
 Developed vaccines for anthrax and rabies.

Louis Pasteur
 With the help of Robert Koch, Pasteur came up with the….

Germ Theory of Disease
 Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms of different types, commonly called germs.

Disease
 Disease – any change, other than injury, that disrupts the normal function of the body.

Lynn Margulis
 Proposed that eukaryotic cells arose from living communities of prokaryotic cells.
 Called the endosymbiotic theory.

You must have at least 5 sentneces done before you leave today!