Name: __________________________________ Period: ____________________ Date: _____________
Biology Study Guide
Unit 3: Macromolecules and Enzymes
Vocabulary
Give a brief definition of each of these terms. These words are likely to appear as part of questions on the
exam.
1. Macromolecule –
2. Nucleic Acid –
3. Carbohydrate –
4. Polymer –
5. Starch –
6. Cellulose –
7. Glycogen –
8. Lipid –
9. Hydrophobic –
10. Triglyceride –
11. Trans Fat –
12. Phospholipid –
13. Hydrophilic –
14. Bilayer –
15. Steroid –
16. Protein –
17. Enzyme 18. Substrate –
19. Product –
20. Denaturation -
Biology Worksheets and Resources
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Critical Thinking Questions
These questions are similar to those on the test.
1. What element is the backbone of all organic compounds?
2. Proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids are all polymers. What repeating subunit is each made of?
3. Fill out this table comparing the different types of carbohydrates.
Carbohydrate Class
Root Prefix Meaning
Monosaccharide
Single or one.
Examples
Glucose
Fructose
Galactose
Deoxyribose
Ribose
Disaccharide
Polysaccharide
4. Give two structural differences between DNA and RNA.
5. Give an example of where you could find the three classes of lipids (triglyceride, steroid, and
phospholipid) in living organisms.
6. The diagram below shows a saturated and unsaturated fatty acid. Label each. Which would be liquid at
room temperature, and which would be solid?
7. Sketch a single phospholipid molecule (do not draw the chemical structure, just the shape). Label the
phosphate and two fatty acids that make up the molecule. Also, label the hydrophilic and hydrophobic
region.
8. Explain why altering the sequence of amino acids that make up a protein could completely alter its
ability to function normally.
9. Give five examples of functions served by proteins in living organisms.
10. This illustration shows an enzyme breaking down a substrate. Label the enzyme, substrate, and
products.
11. What effect do enzymes have on chemical reactions in living organisms?
12. What are the two most common ways to cause denaturation of a protein?