ByTaylor Chapman
The Endocrine System is like a switchboard. It send messages throughout the body

 The hypothalamus is located in the lower central part of the brain.
 This part of the brain is important in regulation of satiety, metabolism, and body temperature.
 It secretes hormones that stimulate or suppress the release of hormones in the pituitary gland.
 The hypothalamus also secretes a hormone called somatostatin, which causes the pituitary gland to stop the release of growth hormone.

o The pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain beneath the hypothalamus and is no larger than a pea.
o The pituitary gland, releases hormones signals that cause the secretion of stimulating hormones.
o It produces hormones that control many functions of other endocrine glands.
o Growth hormone - Stimulates growth of bone and tissue.
o Adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) - Stimulates the adrenal gland to produce several related steroid hormones.

 Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - Hormones that control sexual function and production of the sex steroids, estrogen and progesterone in females or testosterone in males
 Prolactin - Hormone that stimulates milk production in females
 Antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) - Controls water loss by the kidneys
 Oxytocin - Contracts the uterus during childbirth and stimulates milk production, the “love” hormone.

 The thyroid gland is located in the lower front part of the neck.
 It produces thyroid hormones that regulate the body's metabolism
 plays a role in bone growth and development of the brain and nervous system in children
 Thyroid hormones also help maintain normal blood pressure, heart rate, digestion, muscle tone, and reproductive functions.
 Parathyroid hormone, which plays a role in regulating calcium levels in the blood and bone metabolism.

 It serves as a ducted gland, secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine.
 The pancreas also serves as a ductless gland in that the islets of
Langerhans secrete insulin and glucagon to regulate the blood sugar level.
 The -islet cells secrete glucagon, which tells the liver to take carbohydrates out of storage to raise a low blood sugar level.
 The -islet cells also secrete insulin to tell the liver to take excess glucose out of circulation to lower a blood sugar level that’s too high.

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These sit on top of the kidneys.
They consist of two parts, the outer cortex and the inner medulla.
Adrenal Glands affect our ability to deal with stress.
The medulla secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) and other similar hormones in response to stressors such as fright, anger, caffeine, or low blood sugar.
The cortex secretes corticosteroids such as cortisone.
Corticosteroids are well-known as being anti-inflammatory.
Though connected to the kidneys, these glands play no role in the functioning of, or health of the kidneys.

 The Pineal Gland is located in the brain, between the two cerebral hemispheres. It is stimulated by the nerves from the eyes.
 It is small weighing about 0.1 grams.
 It has a rich supply adrenergic nerve fibers that greatly influence its secretions.
 The only hormone secreted by the Pineal Gland is Melatonin.
 Melatonin regulates both sleeping cycles and hormonal changes that usher in sexual maturity during adolescence.

 Gonads refer to both the two male testes and two female ovaries.
 Male testes produce testosterone.
 Females ovaries produce estrogen and progesterone.
 The secretion of sex hormones in gonads are controlled the
Pituitary Gland.

Melatonin is sometimes called the “hormone of darkness”
Oxytocin is sometimes called the “love” hormone.
The endocrine system is responsible for producing 30 distinct hormones. All these hormones have very distinct jobs to do.
The hypothalamus is the gland that makes you feel hunger and thirst.
People have a 4.6% chance of surviving pancreatic cancer.

When your Endocrine System goes bad… Diabetes, growth disorders, osteoporosis, polycystic ovary syndrome, thyroid disease, Cushing’s syndrome, Addison’s disease.
Blood passes through the kidney’s 300 times a day.
The hormones produced are released directly into the bloodstream.