Explain the term “taxonomy”
Explain the necessity for classifying living
things
Identify the scientist that developed the
current classification scheme
Identify the 5 kingdoms
Describe each kingdom in terms of:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Presence of a distinct nucleus (prokaryote or
eukaryote)
Type of nutrition (heterotroph or autotroph)
Cellular plan (uni- or multicellular)
Examples of representative organisms (identify by
name or picture)
List the 7 classification categories (KPCOFGS)
(King Philip Came Over From Germany Saturday)
7. Define the term “species”
8. Explain what “binomial nomenclature” is, where
it comes from, and how it is written
9. Know the scientific name of humans
10. Use a dichotomous key to identify organisms
6.
Kingdom - Animala - Can move around, specialized sense
organs, requires organic plant and animal substances for
food
Phylum - Chordata - Hollow nerve cord
(Subphylum) - Vertebrate - backbone
(Superclass)Tetrapoda - Four footed - can live on land.
Class - Mammalia - Hair, Mammary glands for nursing young
Order - Primate - (Monkeys) - Binocular vision (forward eyes) opposable thumbs
Family - Hominidae - (Great apes) - Complex social behaviors,
larger body, skeletal modifications for semi-upright posture,
32 teeth
(SubFamily) - Homininae (hominines) - Gorilla, Chimp,
Human
(Tribe) - Hominini or hominins - canine tooth, which
looksmore like an incisor. Toe bone improved for moving
bipedally.
Genus - Homo "man" - Larger brain
Species - Homo Sapien "wise" - Language, more sophisticated
tools, prominent chin, sparse body hair
Prokaryote: cells with no nucleus
Eukaryote: cells with a true nucleus
Heterotroph: can not make their own food
Autotroph: can make their own food
Motile: has locomotion
Non-motile: can not move around
KINGDOM
MONERA
Bacteria: heterotrophs
Blue-green algae: autotrophs
MAJOR
CHARACTERISTICS
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
EXAMPLES
e.Coli
oscillatoria
KINGDOM
MAJOR
CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERA
Bacteria: heterotrophs
Blue-green algae: autotrophs
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
e.Coli
oscillatoria
PROTISTA
Protozoa (animal like)
Heterotrophs +motile
Algae (plant like)
Autotrophs + non-motile
Eukaryotic
Mostly unicellular
Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra
KINGDOM
MAJOR
CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERA
Bacteria: heterotrophs
Blue-green algae: autotrophs
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
e.Coli
oscillatoria
PROTISTA
Protozoa (animal like)
Heterotrophs +motile
Algae (plant like)
Autotrophs + non-motile
Eukaryotic
Mostly unicellular
Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra
FUNGI
Heterotrophs (absorb food, nongreen)
Parasites or decomposers
Eukaryotic
Mostly multicellular
Yeast, mold, mushrooms
KINGDOM
MAJOR
CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERA
Bacteria: heterotrophs
Blue-green algae: autotrophs
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
e.Coli
oscillatoria
PROTISTA
Protozoa (animal like)
Heterotrophs +motile
Algae (plant like)
Autotrophs + non-motile
Eukaryotic
Mostly unicellular
Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra
FUNGI
Heterotrophs (absorb food, nongreen)
Parasites or decomposers
Eukaryotic
Mostly multicellular
PLANTAE
Bryophytes: lack true roots,
leaves, stems
Tracheophytes: have true roots
Eukaryotic, multicellular,
autotrophs, non-motile
Yeast, mold, mushrooms
Moss, ferns, pine trees
KINGDOM
MAJOR
CHARACTERISTICS
EXAMPLES
MONERA
Bacteria: heterotrophs
Blue-green algae: autotrophs
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
e.Coli
oscillatoria
PROTISTA
Protozoa (animal like)
Heterotrophs +motile
Algae (plant like)
Autotrophs + non-motile
Eukaryotic
Mostly unicellular
Paramecium, amoeba, spirogyra
FUNGI
Heterotrophs (absorb food, nongreen)
Parasites or decomposers
Eukaryotic
Mostly multicellular
PLANTAE
Bryophytes: lack true roots,
leaves, stems
Tracheophytes: have true roots
Eukaryotic, multicellular,
autotrophs, non-motile
ANIMALIA
PHYLUM:
Eukaryotic, multicellular,
heterotrophs, motile
•Coelenterata
•Annelida
•Arthropoda
•2 cell layers, hollow
•segmented worm
•exoskeleton, jointed
appendages
•dorsal nerve cord
•Chordata
Yeast, mold, mushrooms
Moss, ferns, pine trees
•jelly fish
•earthworm
•grasshopper, lobster
•human, frog
Characteristic
Cell Type
MONERA
prokaryotic
PROTISTA
eukaryotic
Mostly
unicellular;
Body Form
some simple
multicellular
Cell Wall
polysaccharides composition
Composition amino acids
varies
Photosynthesis Photosynthesis
Mode of
chemosynthesis Ingestion
Nutrition
Absorption
Absorption
Mostly
unicellular;
some colonial
Nervous
System
Locomotion
Examples
Absent
Present in
some
Bacteria
blue-green
algae
FUNGI
eukaryotic
Mostly
multicellular
chitin
Absorption
Absent
Absent
Present in
some
Absent
Protozoa
(paramecium,
ameba,
euglena)
algae
(spirogyra)
Molds,
yeasts,
mushrooms,
rusts, smuts
PLANTAE
ANIMALIA
eukaryotic
eukaryotic
Multicellular
cellulose
Photosynthesis
Absent
Absent
Bryopphytes
(lacking true
roots, stems,
leaves)
Tracheophytes
(have true
roots, stems,
leaves
Multicellular;
organs and
organ systems
no cell wall
Ingestion
Present
Present
Coelenterata
(hydra)
Annelida
(earthworm)
Arthropoda
(grasshopper)
Chordata
(human)
PLANT KINGDOM
TRACHEOPHYTES
*contains xylem and phloem
*has true leaves, stems, roots
PLANT KINGDOM
TRACHEOPHYTES
*contains xylem and phloem
*has true leaves, stems, roots
BRYOPHYTES
*lacks xylem and phloem
*no true leaves, stems, roots
(mosses)
PLANT KINGDOM
TRACHEOPHYTES
BRYOPHYTES
*contains xylem and phloem
*lacks xylem and phloem
*has true leaves, stems, roots
*no true leaves, stems, roots
(mosses)
ANGEOSPERMS
*flowering plants
*seeds in the fruit
PLANT
KINGDOM
TRACHEOPHYTES
BRYOPHYTES
*contains xylem and phloem
*lacks xylem and phloem
*has true leaves, stems, roots
*no true leaves, stems, roots
(mosses)
ANGEOSPERMS
*flowering plants
*seeds in the fruit
GYMNOSPERMS
*bear seeds not in fruit
*cone bearing trees
(pines and spruce)
PLANT
KINGDOM
TRACHEOPHYTES
BRYOPHYTES
*contains xylem and phloem
*lacks xylem and phloem
*has true leaves, stems, roots
*no true leaves, stems, roots
(mosses)
GYMNOSPERMS
ANGEOSPERMS
*bear seeds not in fruit
*flowering plants
*cone bearing trees
*seeds in the fruit
MONOCOT
(pines and spruce)
DICOT
MONOCOTS
DICOTS
seed leaves
two cotyledon
one cotyledon
leaf venation
netlike
parallel
stems
bundles scattered
pedals
in 3’s
bundles in rings
flowers
pedals
in 4’s
or 5’s