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Introduction to
The Dental Profession
History of Dentistry
• Early times
– Herodotus
– Hesi-Re
– Hippocrates
• Book On Affections
• Oath of Hippocrates
– Aristotle
• Oral hygiene
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History of Dentistry
• Later progress
– Guy de Chauliac
• Surgeon from France
• Rules for oral hygiene
– Leonardo da Vinci
• First to distinguish between molars and
premolars
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History of Dentistry
• Later progress
– Pierre Fauchard
• Founder of modern dentistry
• Rejected idea of tooth worm
• Treated caries and diseased gingiva
– Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
• Discovered x-rays
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Progress of
Dentistry in the United States
• Robert Woofendale and John Baker
– First to advertise dental services
• John Greenwood
– George Washington’s favorite dentist
– Made George Washington’s dental
prosthesis
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Progress of
Dentistry in the United States
• Paul Revere
– Created artificial teeth and surgical
instruments
• Josiah Flagg
– Skilled surgeon
– Constructed the dental chair
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Progress of
Dentistry in the United States
• James B. Morrison
– Created first dental engine with handpiece,
motor, and foot treadle
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Education and
Organized Dentistry
• Horace H. Hayden
– Writer and lecturer on dental topics
• Chapin A. Harris
– Created and contributed to library of dental
literature
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Education and
Organized Dentistry
• Dr. Greene Vardiman Black
– “Grand old man of dentistry”
– Invented machines and instruments used
in dentistry
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Education and
Organized Dentistry
• Lucy Beaman Hobbs
• Dr. Robert Tanner Freeman
• Ida Gray
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Education and
Organized Dentistry
• American Dental Association (ADA)
– Horace Hayden and Chapin Harris organized
this nationwide association of dentists
– American Journal of Dental Science
– Today, each state has a local or regional ADA
branch office
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The Dental Team
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Dentists
Dental hygienists
Dental laboratory technicians
Dental assistants
Support staff
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Dentists
• Requirements
– Undergraduate education
– Graduation from a dental school approved
by the ADA, Commission on Dental
Accreditation
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Dentists
• Education
– Three to four years of undergraduate work
– Four years of dental school
• Five required at Harvard University
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Dental Specialties
• Dental public health
– Specialty concerned with the prevention of
dental disease
– Public health dentist works with the
community to promote dental health
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Dental Specialties
• Endodontics
– Specialty concerned with the pathology
and morphology of the dental pulp and
surrounding tissues due to injury and
disease
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Dental Specialties
• Oral and maxillofacial pathology
– Specialty concerned with the diagnosis and
nature of the diseases that affect the oral
cavity
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Dental Specialties
• Oral and maxillofacial radiology
– Images and data produced by all
modalities of radiant energy
• For diagnosing and management of disorders
of the oral and maxillofacial region
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Dental Specialties
• Oral and maxillofacial surgery
– Specialty concerned with the diagnosis and
surgical treatment of the oral and
maxillofacial region due to injury, disease,
and defects
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Dental Specialties
• Orthodontics and dentofacial
orthopedics
– Specialty concerned with the diagnosis,
supervision, guidance, and correction of
the malocclusion in the dentofacial
structures
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Dental Specialties
• Pediatric dentistry
– Specialty concerned with the prevention of
oral disease and the diagnosis and
treatment of oral care in children
• From birth through adolescence
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Dental Specialties
• Periodontics
– Specialty concerned with the diagnosis and
treatment of the diseases of the supporting
and surrounding tissues of the tooth
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Dental Specialties
• Prosthodontics
– Specialty concerned with the diagnosis,
restoration, and maintenance of oral
functions
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Dental Hygienists
• Dr. Alfred Civilon Fones
– Developed first school of dental hygiene in
1913
• American Dental Hygienists’ Association
(ADHA)
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Dental Laboratory Technicians
• Many are graduates of a two-year ADAaccredited dental laboratory technician
program
• Formal education is not required
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Dental Laboratory Technicians
• Examination to become certified dental
technicians (CDTs)
• American Dental Laboratory Technician
Association (ADLTA)
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Dental Assistants
• Dr. C. Edmund Kells
– Hired a “Lady Assistant” to be “quick, quiet,
gentle, and attentive”
– “Ladies in Attendance”
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Dental Assistants
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Dental Assisting National Board (DANB)
Certified Dental Assistant (CDA)
Dental receptionists
American Dental Assistants Association
(ADAA)
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Dental Assistants
• Juliette Southard
– Founder and first president of the American
Dental Assistants Association
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