Dispersive optical solitons by semi-inverse variational principle
Siercke Beatrice and Dr. Anjan Biswas
Center for Research and Education in Optical Sciences and Applications (CREOSA)
Mathematics Department University f California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE
Abstract
In this work, the dispersive optical solitons is studied by the aid of He’s semi-inverse
variational principle. The inter-modal dispersion as well as
higher order dispersion terms are taken into account. These include the third order
and fourth order dispersion terms. There are three types of
nonlinearity that are studied here. They are Kerr-law, power-law and the log-law. In
each of these cases, a closed form analytical solution is
obtained for the dispersive optical soliton. The domain restrictions and constraints
are also identified during the process of obtaining the solution.
Detection of Water in Soil with LIBS
Christopher Collins, Alissa Mezzacappa, and Dr. Noureddine Melikechi
Center for Applied Optics for Space Sciences (CAOSS)
Department of Physics and Pre-Engineering, Delaware State University, Dover, DE
Abstract
Laser induced based spectroscopy (LIBS) is a process of focusing high powered laser onto
plasma then watching the plasma excite. With the
excitement we can define elements based on the emission spectrum recorded from the
plasma the LIBS process creates. The LIBS process can be
used in space exploration applications such as gathering surface samples to learn what is
contained in them. The LIBS process can be applied to a
wide range of experiments as a means of elemental analysis. This technology can be used
on board of NASA rovers and Landers to conduct analysis
of surface samples giving swift response from a non-destructive, portable system. With
Martian and Lunar soil we will use these samples in the
LIBS process and determine the necessary water to bind the sample and maintain at the
lowest pressures at 7 Torr, similar to Martian atmospheric
conditions. After this detection we will identify elements and analyze quantitatively. We
will use a Vacuum containing a chamber where the LIBS
process will take place and a Turbo pump will be attached to create the lower Martian like
pressure. After that the spectra will be obtained and we
will analyze results.
Measurement of Resonant Magneto-Optical Rotation in Rubidium
Vapor for Atomic Magnetometry
Bryan Greenly and Dr. Gour S. Pati
Center for Applied Optics for Space Sciences (CAOSS)
Department of Physics and Pre-Engineering, Delaware State University,
Dover, DE 199901
Abstract
This study reports measurement of resonant magneto-optical rotation
(MOR) in rubidium vapor near D1 transition at 795 nm. This effect can
be
used to design a highly sensitive atomic magnetometer, which can be
applied in measuring nuclear magnetism, magnetic resonance imaging
and geophysical field measurements etc. In addition to
experimental results, our study presents results using a semi-classical
theoretical model that provides a simple description of the lightmatter interaction in the atomic vapor, and the resonant MOR effect.
Analysis of Dynamic Light Scattering of Concentrated Ficoll Solutions
Danielle Ferguson (summer student), Hacene Boukari (Instructor)
Abstract
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) is a high-resolution optical technique,
commonly applied to assess the sizes of nanoparticles in solutions as well
as the structure of polymeric systems. In this research project we
analyze DLS data collected from five different concentrations (7, 20, 100,
150, 300, and 500 mg/ml) of Ficoll at different scattering angles. The
reason we chose Ficoll because it is a neutral, branched polymer readily
dissolved in an aqueous solution at higher concentrations. We are
developing mathematical fitting routines to extract relevant physical
parameters from the DLS data such as the size of ficoll or relaxation times
of concentrated solutions.
At low concentration ( 7 mg/ml) we
determined the size of the ficoll nanoparticle to be about 11 nm. At 20
mg/ml concentration, the data indicate interactions between the ficoll
nanoparticles. At higher concentrations, we are using a two component
of stretched exponential (Aexp{(-t/a)a} + Bexp{(-t/b)b}) of the electric
field to determine the fitting parameters a and b, and a and b, the latter
being related to the relaxation times of the solutions.
Stable FDTD simulations of electromagnetic cloaking structures
Dorian Foster and Dr. Jinjie Liu
Center for Research and Education in Optical Sciences and Applications (CREOSA)
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Delaware State University, Dover, DE
Abstract
In recent years, there has been tremendous interest in electromagnetic invisibility
cloaking devices. Methods based on coordinate transformation for designing
electromagnetic cloaking structures have been reported. The FDTD method (Yee’s
scheme) is a popular and very successful method for solving Maxwell’s
equations and it has a wide range of applications in computational
electromagnetism. In this study, we have applied the Finite-Difference TimeDomain (FDTD)
method to simulate electromagnetic wave propagation near the cloaking devices.
Our numerical solution shows that the conventional FDTD method causes large
errors due to the material anisotropy inside the cloaking shell. In order to overcome
this problem, we have applied the anisotropic FDTD approach to minimize the
error. Numerical simulations show that the anisotropic FDTD gives much better
result than the conventional FDTD method.
Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for
Micro-Particle Assay Development
Miranda Spina, Dr. Yuri Markushin and Dr. Noureddine Melikechi
Center for Applied Optics for Space Sciences (CAOSS)
Department of Physics and Pre-Engineering, Delaware State University, Dover,
DE 199901
Abstract
Particle based assays are among most reliable, robust and fastest methods for
biomarker diagnostics due to their big active surface-to-volume ratio.
We report on the use of the fluorescent dyes and iron oxide micro-particles for
the Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) based assay
development. Amplitudes of the chosen Iron emission lines have been plotted
against particle load to obtain LIBS calibration curves and to estimate the Limit
of Detection. Additionally, the obtained spectroscopic data were analyzed by
Principal Component Analysis method to determine better Limit of Detection.
Comparison between two approaches will help to establish a more sensitive
analytical method for the future micro-particle assay development.
Database for spectroscopic data
Jessica McDaniel, Samantha McDaniel, Dr. Dragoljub Pokrajac
Center for Research and Education in Optical Sciences and Applications (CREOSA)
Department of Information Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Delaware State University
Abstract
During the process of acquisition and analysis of spectroscopic data, there is
need to keep track of metadata (information about the experimental settings,
the experimenter, etc) as well as of the data-postprocessing applied to
generate various data products. We propose a web-accessible database of
spectroscopic
data that can answer to needs to experimenters and data analysts. The goal is
to provide capability of tracking data sources (type of experiment, e.g., LIBS,
FTIR),
handle different data formats (.opj, .txt, .xlsx, .mat) and improve quality of
generated analytic results.
Wavefront Distortions of a Beam of Light Due to Thermal Lensing
Whitlee Haymore and Aristides Marcano
Center for Research and Education in Optical Sciences and Applications (CREOSA)
Department of Biology, Grambling State University, Grambling, LA 71245
Department of Physics and Pre-Engineering, Delaware State University, Dover, DE
Abstract
We report on the measurement of wavefront distortions of a beam of light that
propagates in an absorbing media due to thermal lensing effect.
We evaluate the wave-front distortion for single beam and pump-probe
photothermal lens experimental configurations. Images of the beams are registered
as function of the sample
position. We compare different ways
of processing the images in order to optimize the sample response.
Grain size effect in Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Tariq Sanda, Antoine McLean, Dr. Poopalasingam Sivakumar, and Dr. Noureddine
Melikechi
Center for Research and Education in Optical Sciences and Applications (CREOSA)
Center for Applied Optics for Space Sciences (CAOSS)
Mathematics and Physics, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604
Nuclear Engineering, South Carolina State University, Orangeburg, SC 29117
Department of Physics and Pre-Engineering, Delaware State University, Dover, DE
199901
Abstract
The grain size effects in carbon and iron mixtures were examined on the measured
intensities of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS)
emission lines. The plasma radiation formed at the sample surface by a Qswitched Nd:YAG laser operating at 1064-nm was detected by using
an Echelle Spectrometer. Pressed powder pellet samples of carbon and iron
mixture with 50:50 ratios were ablated in atmosphere. For this study,
the particulate sizes of Iron and Carbon were changed in association with the
laser spot size, where two different particle sizes of Iron
(<10µm and <45µm) and four different lenses (45mm, 50mm,60mm, and 75mm
focal lengths) were used.