Cycles in Nature
Chapter 2
Section 1
The Cycles of Matter
The Cycles of Matter
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1. What is matter?
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Anything that takes up space and has mass
Used over and over again
2. How old is the matter in your body?
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It has been on Earth since it was formed
billions of years ago
Water Cycle
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Movement of water
among oceans,
atmosphere, land,
and living things
Water Cycle
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1. Precipitation
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Happens when water moves from the
atmosphere to land and oceans
Rain, snow, sleet , and
hail
Water Cycle
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2. Evaporation
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The sun’s heat causes water to change
from liquid to vapor
Water Cycle
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3. Condensation
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When water vapor
cools it forms a liquid
that can fall back to
Earth as precipitation
Water Cycle
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4. Ground Water
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A. Water that is found underground and
stored in caverns or porous rock
B. May stay in the ground for hundreds or
thousands of years
C. Provides water to soil, streams, rivers,
and oceans
Water Cycle
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5. Transpiration
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A. Plants move water vapor into the
atmosphere
B. Plants do this by releasing water vapor
through tiny openings in their leaves
Water and Life
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A. Our body is made up of 70% water
B. Water carries waste away from our
body tissues
C. Water helps regulate body
temperature through perspiration
“sweating” and evaporation

This way of returning water to the
environment is called- transpiration
Bell Work
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
Draw the water cycle in your science notebook or science binder
Include in your drawing pictures and explanations for the
process
Your drawing should include
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Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
Transpiration
Groundwater
Sun
Tree
Clouds
Bell Work

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What process in the water cycle
changes water from a liquid to water
vapor (gas)?
What process in the water cycle
changes water from a gas to a liquid?
Carbon

What is GOOD about
Carbon?
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What is BAD about
Carbon?
Carbon Cycle
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Carbon
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All living things need carbon because it is
part of all biological molecules (fats,
sugars, proteins)
Carbon Cycle
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Movement of carbon from the environment
into living things and back to the
environment
Carbon Cycle
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1. Photosynthesis
A. How carbon cycles
from the environment
into living things
B. Plants use CO2 from
the air to make
sugars (or their own
food)
C. Animals get carbon
they need from eating
plants
Carbon Cycle
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2. Cellular
Respiration
A. How carbon returns
to the environment
from living things
B. Living things break
down sugar molecules
to release energy
C. During this process,
CO2 and water are
released
Photosynthesis/Cellular
Respiration Equations
Photosynthesis
(process of changing light energy into chemical
energy)
Sunlight+CO2+water (produces) glucose+O2
Cellular Respiration
(process when cells break down food to get
energy)
Glucose+O2 (produces) Energy+CO2+water
Bell Work

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Name the process in the carbon cycle
where carbon is moved from the
environment into living things?
Hint (What process uses carbon dioxide
(CO2)?
Carbon Cycle
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3. Decomposition
A. Break down of
dead material into
CO2 and H2O
B. When fungi and
bacteria decompose
organic matter, they
return CO2 to the
environment
Carbon Cycle
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4. Combustion
A. Process of burning
fossil fuels
B. Fossil fuels-materials
that are slowly formed
underground from the
remains of plants and
animals that died million
of years ago
Carbon Cycle (combustion
cont.)
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C. Carbon in coal, oil,
and natural gas return
to atmosphere as CO2
when these fossil fuels
are burned
D. Combustion provides
the fuel people need to
drive cars, heat homes,
and make electricity
E. Deforestationremoval of forests
Carbon Cycle Practice Quiz
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Demo/Quiz
How has Carbon Dioxide levels
changed in the atmosphere?
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A. CO2 in the atmosphere has increased
since the burning of more fossil fuels
B. Many scientists believe that extra
CO2 from fossil fuels is adding to global
warming
Carbon Dioxide in the
Atmosphere
Carbon Cycle



Draw the carbon cycle in your science
notebook or science binder
Include in your drawing pictures and
explanations for the process
Your drawing should include:
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Decomposition
Combustion
Tree or plants
Animals
Fossil fuels
Use of fossil fuels
Deforestation
Quiz Review
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1. Where does most of Earth’s
precipitation fall?
2. What is the process where sunlight,
carbon dioxide (CO2), and water is used
to make glucose?
3. What is the process where glucose is
broken down for energy and carbon
dioxide is released?
Quiz Review
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4. What are fossil fuels? Name 3
examples.
5. Name 3 ways carbon dioxide is
transferred from living things into the
environment?
6. What is the water cycle process
where liquid water returns to the
atmosphere?
Quiz Review
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7. What is the process called when
water vapor cools? And what is formed?
8. What is deforestation?
9. What is released during
decomposition?
10. Where is carbon found?
Nitrogen Cycle
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The movement of
nitrogen from the
environment to
living things and
back again
Nitrogen Cycle
A. 78% of the Earth’s
atmosphere is nitrogen gas (N2)
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B. Most organisms can not use
the nitrogen in the air they
breathe
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C. Living things need nitrogen
to make proteins
How do living things get
nitrogen?
A.Nitrogen fixation-when
bacteria in the soil change
nitrogen gas into a formed that
can be used by plants
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B. Most animals get their
nitrogen they need from eating
plants
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Nitrogen Cycle
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D. Animal wastes return
nitrogen back to the
soil and plants use this
nitrogen
E. When plant or
animals die,
decomposers break
down the remains and
nitrogen recycles back
into the soil
Nitrogen Cycle
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How does nitrogen get from the soil
back into the atmosphere?
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Denitrification-to take nitrogen out of
the soil and change it to nitrogen gas that
is released into the atmosphere
Denitrifying bacteria produce nitrogen gas
as a waste that is released in the
atmosphere and completes the cycle
Fungi
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How is this fungi
important to the
carbon cycle?
Manure (animal waste)

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Why is this farmer
spreading manure
on the field?
Explain the
importance of this
procedure in the
nitrogen cycle?
Bell Work
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1. Why do we need nitrogen?
2. What is the process when bacteria change
nitrogen into a usable form that can be used
by plants?
3. What is the process when bacteria take
nitrogen out of the soil and change it to a gas
that is released in the atmosphere?
Ammonia NH3
Question 21
Review
(pages 42-43 in text book)
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Answer
1-3, 6-7, 9-12
14
19
24-25