Animals TEST review
1. Name 5 characteristics of Kingdom Animalia. MULTICELLULAR,
AUTOTROPHIC, EUKARYOTIC, NO CELL WALL, MOBILE
2. Define cephalization. INCREASE IN NERVE ENDINGS IN THE ANTERIOR
PORTION OF AND ORGANISM, MORE DEVELOPED BRAIN (CEREBRAL
GANGLIA)
3. Define radial and bilateral symmetry. Give an example of an organism with each.
ALL BODY PARTS SEEM TO RADIATE FROM A CENTRAL POINT, CAN BE
DIVIDED INTO EQUAL SECTIONS-EX. JELLYFISH,SEA
ANEMONE…..BILATERAL-BODY CAN BE DIVIDED INTO 2 MIRRORED
HALVES, HAS AN ANTERIOR,POSTERIOS,VENTRAL,DORSAL,MEDIAL &
LATERAL-EX. HUMAN, BIRDS, REPTILES, INSECTS ETC…
4. What is a hermaphrodite? AN ORGANISM THAT HAS BOTH MALE AND FEMALE
GONADS, CAN PRODUCE BOTH EGG AND SPERM
5. Define dorsal-THE BACK AREA, ventral-THE FRONT ,BELLY,UNDERSIDE, OF
AN ORGANISM, anterior-THE HEAD AREA OF AN ORGANISM, and posteriorTHE REAR, TAIL, OF AN ORGANISM.
6. What is meant by a water vascular system? PUMPS LARGE AMOUNTS OF
WATER THROUGH POROUS BODY Which groups of animals use this?
AQUATIC ONES
7. In order for an animal to perform gas exchange through its skin, what must be true?
IT MUST BE KEPT MOIST Give an example of an animal that does this.
AMPHIBIANS
8. What is meant by a complete digestive system? Which groups of animals have
this? THE ORGANISM HAS A MOUTH AND A SEPARATE ANUS. EX. STARTING
WITH NEMATODA, ANNELIDA, MOLLUSCA, ARTHROPODA, FISH,
AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES, BIRDS, MAMALS
9. What is meant by an open circulatory system? THE BLOOD CIRCULATES
THROUGH THE BODY AFTER LEAVING THE AORTA AND LEAVES THE
BLOOD VESSELS TO BATHE OVER THE TISSUEWhich groups of animals have
this? MOLLUSCA, ARTHROPODA
10. By what methods might some animals reproduce asexually? BUDDING,
REGENERATION, GEMMULES, BINARY FISSION
11. Which animal phylum is the largest? ARTHROPODA Which is second largest?
MOLLUSCA
12. List three characteristics of arthropods. EXOSKELETON OF CHITIN, COMPLETE
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, BILATERAL SYMMETRY, OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM,
DORSAL HEART, VENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM,MOLTING
13. Name four examples of arthropods. SPIDERS(ARACHNIDS) ANTS(INSECTA),
CRAYFISH (CRUSTACEANS), CENTIPEDES (CHELIPODA)
14. What is molting? SHEDDING THE EXOSKELETON Why is it necessary for
arthropods? BECAUSE IT DOES NOT GROW AS FAST AS THE INSIDES AND IT
IS SHED SO IT HAS TO GROW A NEW ONE
15. Name four examples of echinoderms. STARFISH, SEA URCHINS, SEA LILIES,
SEA CUCUMBERS, BRITTLE STARS
16. What is a cephalothorax? BODY SEGMENT OF CRUSTACEANS AND
ARACHNIDS THAT IS A FUSION OF THE HEAD AND THORAX AREA
17. What is a trunk? THE MAIN BODY OF AN ORGANISM
18. List three characteristics of chordates. DORSAL HOLLOW NERV CORD, DORSAL
NOTOCHORD(DEVELOPS INTO BACKBONE IN MOST ANIMALS),
PHARYNGEAL SLITS (GILL SLITS AT SOME POINT IN ITS DEVELOPMENT)
19. Which vertebrate class is the largest? OSTEICHTHYES(BONY FISH)
20. Define ectothermic. COLD BLOODED-TBODY TEMPERATIRE IS REGULATED
BY THEIR ENVIRONMENT THAT THEY LIVE IN Which groups of vertebrates are
ectothermic? AGNATHA(JAWLESS FISH), CHONDRICHTHYES(CARTILAGE
FISH), OSTEICHTHYES(BONY FISH). AMPHIBIANS, REPTILES
21. Define endothermic. WARMBLOODED-BTHEY REGULATE THEIR OWN BODY
TEMPERATURE FROM WITHIN Which groups of vertebrates are endothermic? AV
ES(BIRDS), MAMMALS
22. What do we call the chordates who have backbones? VERTEBRATES
23. What adaptations do reptiles have for life on land? DRY SKIN WITH SCALES,
APECIALIZED EGG(AMNIOTE EGG), 3-4 CHAMBERED WELL DEVELOPED
HEART, CLWS AT END OF FINGERS/TOES AND WELL DEVELOPED LUNGS
24. Name four characteristics of birds. WINGS, SCALES COVERED LEGS, 4
CHAMBERED HEART, ENDOTHERMIC, INTERNAL FERTILIZATION, SHELLED
EGG, BODY COVERING OF FEATHERS, HOLLOW LIGHT STRONG BONES
25. If an animal lays a shell covered egg (amniotic egg), is fertilization going to be
internal or external? Why? INTERNAL, EGG SHELL WOULD PREVENT
EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION
26. How many heart chambers does a fish have? 2(ATRIUM & VENTRICLE) An
amphibian? 3 (LEFT & RIGHT ATRIUM, VENTRICLE) A reptile? 3-4 (RIGHT &
LEFT VENTRICLE, VENTRICLE THAT HAS A PARTIAL SEPTUM(DIVISION
BETWEEN VENTRICLES) A bird? 4(RIGHT & LEFT ATRIUM, RIGHT & LEFT
VENTRICLE) A mammal? 4 (RIGHT & LEFT ATRIUM, RIGHT & LEFT
VENTRICLE)
27. Because amphibians have membranous eggs, where do they have to lay them? IN
A MOIST OR WATERY ENVIRONMENT
28.
What are monotremes? EGG LAYING MAMMALS Give an example. DUCKBILLED PLATYPUS, SPINY ECHIDNA
29. What are marsupials? POUCHED MAMMALS Give an example. OPOSSUM,
KANGAROO, KOALA
30. What are placentals? MAMMALS WHERE THE YOUNG STAY ATTACHED TO
THE MOTHER VIA THE PLACENTA AND UMBILICAL CORD FOR NOURISHMENT
Give an example. HUMANS, LIONS, TIGERS, BEARS, DOGS, CATS
31. What characteristics do birds and mammals have in commone? ENDOTHERMIC, 4
CHAMBERED HEART