Giving and Taking Credit
1

2

3

http://www.showbiz411.com/2013/10/10/led-zeppelin-greatest-song-thieves-inrock-history-nominated-for-songwriters-hall-of-fame
4

Article Reads:
“ Senator Joseph R. Biden Jr ., fighting to salvage his
Presidential campaign, today acknowledged ''a mistake'' in his youth, when he plagiarized a law review article for a paper he wrote in his first year at law school.
” (***Online)
“Mr. Biden insisted, however, that he had done nothing ''malevolent,'' that he had simply misunderstood the need to cite sources carefully.
”
Source: DIONNE, E. J. Jr. “ Biden Admits Plagiarism in School But Says It Was Not 'Malevolent ’ .” New York Times,
September 18, 1987. Web. 28 March 2014.
http://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/18/us/biden-admits-plagiarism-in-school-but-says-it-was-not-malevolent.html
5

Plagiarius/Plagiarii:
“ a Latin term meaning kidnapper; plagiarii were pirates who stole children.
”
In the “Academic World” the plagiarist fails to promote:
• Ideas
• Trust
• Data /Information
• Insights
In the end, plagiarists are branded “liars and cheats.”
Teuber, Andreas. “ US 27 B What Is Plagiarism?
” Brandeis University: August 1999. Web. 24, March 2014. http://people.brandeis.edu/~teuber/usemplagiarism.html
6

It is the act of using someone else ’s ideas, opinions, theories or words without giving credit; with or without the intent to misrepresent those words, opinions or ideas as your own.
7

Deliberate plagiarism is done with the intent to deceive, and is considered to be the most reprehensible form of plagiarism, resulting in the most severe sanctions.
• Purchasing a paper online or using someone else ’ s paper
• Reusing research paper from another class (Self-plagiarism)
• Idea or general knowledge plagiarism
• Research that uses the majority of another ’ s words and ideas whether you give credit or not (see our section on “ fair use ” rules)
“ Intentional and Uintentional Plagiarism. Baylor School. Web. 24 March 2014.
http://mail.baylorschool.org/~jstover/plagiarism/intent.htm
8

Plagiarism without intent to purposely misrepresent oneself, but is still considered academically unacceptable and is usually penalized in some way.
• Inadequate quotes
• Copying word for word
• Inadequate paraphrasing
• Paraphrasing without citing
• Create a paper via cut & paste
• Failure to cite
• Fabricated or fake citations/sources
“ Intentional and Uintentional Plagiarism. Baylor School. Web. 24 March 2014.
9

Reasons For Plagiarizing
• Information overload.
• Lack of research skills.
• Lack of writing skills.
• Lack of interest in topic
• Lack of organization.
• Lacks knowledge regarding citation procedures (i.e. quotations, paraphrasing, citing).
• Poor planning.
• Failure to ask for help.
• Poor note-taking skills and summarizing skills (i.e. copying word for word).
• Internal and external pressure to do well.
• Cutting and pasting. The effect of living in the digital age.
• Learning the system; “ playing the game.
” The bottom line is about the grade, not how you got it.
• Unaware of citation procedures; just didn ’ t know (not an excuse)!
• Failure to think critically.
“Avoiding Plagiarism: 10 Reasons People Plagiarize.” South Puget Sound Community College. n.d. Web. 28 March 2014.
http://www.spscc.ctc.edu/sites/spscc/upload/filemanager/groups/library/Plagiarismhandout.pdf
10

• Failure to develop academically;
• Academic discipline: expulsion; suspension, rescind degrees, delay graduation, suspend professional licenses, failing grade, etc.;
• Reputation for lacking in academic integrity;
• Copyright or trademark infringement = civil law suite; http://3.bp.blogspot.com/uQk2i1ColQU/Tg3EGo32fdI
/AAAAAAAAAFE/61Lhc8QS
2H0/s1600/ http:// www.ist
ockphoto.com/file_thumbview_approve/4989
7/2/Bad_Grades.jpg
• Fraud= criminal law suite;
• Feeling less than . . . www.javad.8m.com/ photo3.html
11

6.
7.
8.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Different citation styles (using both MLA and APA)
Unusual formatting (paper is not setup in accordance MLA)
Off topic / Discontinuity (ex. civil rights and hippie cultural)
Dated materials
Anachronisms – out of time or place (ex. Martin Luther King /
Punk Rock)
Writing (i.e. diction and style) anomalies
Elevated vocabulary or archaic vocabulary.
Leftovers or Oversights (i.e. “ Thank you for using
ResearchRemedies.com
” )
12

http://www.pyrczak.com/antiplagiarism/cartoons.htm
13

How do you avoid Plagiarizing? Self-Plagiarism?
1. Start the research process early.
6. Avoid cutting and pasting.
2. Validate your sources.
3. Note-taking and source keeping are tools that help to eliminate the chance for plagiarism.
7. Avoid temptation to purchase or use someone else ’ s research paper. While its easy to buy a paper online, it is equally easy to identify a paper that already exists.
4. Acknowledge any and all facts/and information that are not common knowledge, by CITING the source (author and pages) internally.
5. Always document quotations, paraphrasing, summaries, specific facts or ideas, through the use of quotation marks and internal source citations.
8. Never use a paper originally used for another class ( self-plagiarism ).
9. Make sure that ideas and information that are not cited are truly Common
Knowledge or are your own unique ideas or information that you personally generated.
10. Consult your teacher as you advance through the research process. https ://ow l.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/
14

!!
http:// www.pyr
czak.com/antiplagiarism/cartoons.htm
15

Cite
1. To provide a framework to locate the information.
2. To identify authorship which validates the work.
3. To provide support that is needed to prove a stated thesis or theory.
4. To give credit and thanks .
16

What To Cite?
Words or ideas, that belong to someone else regardless of where they are found(i.e. a magazine, book, newspaper, song, TV program, movie,
Web page, computer program, letter, advertisement, interview, conversations, etc.)
Uncommon words or ideas – not common knowledge.
Exact words or a unique phrase
(these are quoted).
Visuals (i.e. illustrations, charts, pictures, etc.)
Electronic media ( whenever it is reused or reposted).
What Not To Cite?
Your own life experiences, opinions, observations, and insights .
Your own primary research
(ex. results from labs, personal studies, or field experience).
Your own artwork (ex. digital photographs, video or audio).
Common knowledge , such as
“ July 4 is Independence Day in the United States.
”
17

It is one of the limitations of Copyright . Copyright is a Protection provided by a law called: Title 17, of the U. S.
Statutory Code. It Provides rights to the author and rights to the users.
What Protection does it Provide?
 produce,
 publish,
 sell or distribute their creative works or;
 provide permission for others to do so.
What does it Allow?
 reproduction of a work for the purposes of criticism,
 comment,
 news reporting,
 teaching, scholarship, and research.
What does it Prohibit?
 Reproduction;
 Creation of derivative works;
 Distribution;
 Performance;
 Displays.
How Is It Applied? Four specific criteria are considered , when applying Fair Use:
 The Purpose and character of the intended use
(i.e. nonprofit and/or educational vs. commercial use);
 The Nature of the copyrighted work;
 The Amount used in relation to the work as a whole; and
 The Effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work .
“ Glossary.
” The Library. 2010. UC San Diego. Web. 24 March 2014. http://libraries.ucsd.edu/locations/sshl/guides/preventingplagiarism/glossary.html#academic
18