Warm up:
Describe your perfect
civilization. Include a
description of landforms,
population and natural
resources.
Objectives
We will be able to analyze population pyramids
and use maps and other data to describe
countries/regions and describe current date
trends and predict future trends.
We will be able to define push/pull factors and
explain how ESPN push/pull factors and
physical geography affect where and how
people migrate.
Where do people settle?
Both physical and human factors affect where people settle,
even today. Three-quarters of the world’s population now
live on less than 5% of Earth’s surface. Most of the world’s
population is concentrated in five areas, with more than half
in the first two:
1. East Asia, including China, Korea, Japan and Taiwan
2. South Asia, with India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri
Lanka
3. Southeast Asia
4. Europe
5. North America
Physical Factors
• Populations tend to cluster around seaports
and water sources
• 2/3 of world population live within 500 miles
of an ocean
• 8/10 cities are on or near earthquake faults
• Population is sparse near dry, wet, cold or
mountainous areas
• People like: low-lying lands, fertile soil and
mild climates
Human Factors
• Populations need to establish capital cities
and transportation routes
• As technology improves, people are able to
explore and settle in new locations (despite
unfavorable physical factors)
• Economic activities bring people to new areas
– Ex. Gold, diamonds, oil, etc.
Two types of population maps
1.Dot Population Maps
2.Population Density Maps
Dot Population Maps
• Use dot to indicate where major towns and
cities are located
• A key will indicate how many people a dot
represents
1. Where do you see the largest populations?
2. What physical factors are these
populations near?
Population Density Maps
• Use patterns or colors to show how many
people live in a given area
• The key will indicate what the patterns or
colors represent
1. Where do you
see the largest
populations?
2. What physical
factors are
these
populations
near?
How is this information gathered?
http://www.prb.org/Journalists/Webcasts/2012
/distilled-demographics-population-data.aspx
Patterns
Throughout history, cities have exhibited
variations in their size and distribution. Cities
began undergoing changes as they matured.
Often the business district was located in the
city’s center, surrounded by residential
neighborhoods. As newcomers from the
countryside moved to the center, wealthier
residents often began to move to the city’s
outskirts.
Patterns
In more recent times, suburbs have developed
outside cities. Often, these suburbs come to
form satellite cities around the older city
center. As the population increases further,
these cites may merge into a single
metropolitan region.
Patterns
In less developed countries, people often arrive
from the countryside without education or
resources. These newcomers may settle in
squatter settlements or shanty town, usually
found outside the city. A shanty town is a
slum settlement where poor people live in
dwellings made from scrap materials—such as
plywood, corrugated metal and plastic sheets.
Suburbs
An outlying district of a city, esp. a residential
one.
Metropolitan Region
A region consisting of a densely populated urban core
and its less-populated surrounding territories,
sharing industry, infrastructure and housing
Squatter Settlements/Shanty Towns
A slum settlement (sometimes illegal or unauthorized)
of impoverished people who live in improvised
dwellings made from scrap materials: often plywood,
corrugated metal and sheets of plastic
In Brasil, they are called flavelas.
Approximately 8% of India’s population lives in the slums.
Population Pyramids
• Show a break down of populations
• This can be done by age, sex or other grouping
• Demographers study characteristics of human
populations and where people settle
Iran, 2010
Case Study: Iran
Use the following information to make your own
population pyramid.
Ages
Males
Females
Birth to 9
2600
2550
10 to 19
1900
1700
20 to 29
1300
1200
30 to 39
900
800
40 to 49
600
600
50 to 59
450
400
60 to 69
300
200
70 to 79
100
90
80+
20
10
Case Study: Iran
1. When do the sexes even out? How could this
be explained?
2. What factors could contribute to the drop in
population in the 20s?
3. What policies could improve these statistics?
At what ages would they be beneficial?
Pages 78 - 82
• Define: birthrate, mortality rate, fertility rate,
rate of natural increase, push/pull factors
• In Latin America, which city has the highest
density? In Africa? In the U.S.? In East Asia?
• Why might Korea be more densely populated
than China, which is in the same region?
• In South Asia, which city has the lowest
density? In Europe? In Russia and the
Republics?