A&P I Tutorial 2014 Exam 1A Name_________________________________________
1) ________ is considered the oldest medical science.
A) Anatomy
B) Biology
C) Physiology
D) Cytology
E) Embryology
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
2) The analysis of the internal structure of individual cells is called
A) cytology.
B) histology.
C) embryology.
D) physiology.
E) anatomy.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
3) The study of the superficial and internal features in a specific area of the body is called
________ anatomy.
A) surface
B) regional
C) surgical
D) pathological
E) radiographic
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
4) The study of the first two months of development is termed
A) histology.
B) embryology.
C) cytology.
D) pathology.
E) organology.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
5) Cardiovascular function is an example of
A) histophysiology.
B) organ physiology.
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C) systemic physiology.
D) pathological physiology.
E) physiological chemistry.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
6) Organ physiology is to ________ as gross anatomy is to ________.
A) cell physiology; microscopic anatomy
B) macroscopic anatomy; unbalance
C) equilibrium; macroscopic anatomy
D) balance; equilibrium
E) imbalance; microscopic anatomy
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
7) Which organ system provides support, protection of soft tissue, mineral storage, and
blood formation?
A) integumentary
B) muscular
C) skeletal
D) nervous
E) endocrine
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
8) Which organ system includes the spleen and the tonsils?
A) digestive
B) endocrine
C) nervous
D) cardiovascular
E) lymphatic
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
9) The pituitary gland and thyroid gland are organs of the ________ system.
A) endocrine
B) cardiovascular
C) respiratory
D) lymphatic
E) digestive
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
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10) Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the endocrine system?
A) releases chemical messengers called hormones
B) produces a more rapid response than the nervous system
C) produces effects that last for days or longer
D) produces an effect that involves several organs or tissues at the same time
E) important homeostatic system
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
11) The maintenance of a relatively constant internal environment in an organism is
termed
A) positive feedback.
B) homeostasis.
C) negative feedback.
D) effector control.
E) integration.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
12) A cell or an organ that responds to commands of the control center in negative
feedback is termed a(n)
A) receptor.
B) thermoregulator.
C) hypothalamus.
D) effector.
E) stimulus.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
13) The quadrants of the abdominopelvic region include all of the following except
A) right upper quadrant (RUQ).
B) right lower quadrant (RLQ).
C) left upper quadrant (LUQ).
D) left lower quadrant (LLQ).
E) pelvic quadrant.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
14) A person who is standing facing forward with hands at the sides and palms facing
forward is in the ________ position.
A) supine
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B) prone
C) anatomical
D) frontal
E) sagittal
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 1-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
15) The two major divisions of the ventral body cavity are the
A) pelvic and thoracic.
B) cranial and sacral.
C) lateral and medial.
D) thoracic and abdominopelvic.
E) dorsal and ventral.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 1-8
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
16) The smallest stable units of matter are
A) atoms.
B) molecules.
C) protons.
D) neutrons.
E) electrons.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
17) The "atomic weight" of an atom reflects the average number of
A) protons.
B) neutrons.
C) electrons.
D) protons + neutrons.
E) protons + neutrons + electrons.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
18) The mass number represents the number of
A) protons in an atom.
B) electrons in an ion.
C) neutrons in an atom.
D) protons + neutrons.
E) neutrons + electrons.
Answer: D
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Learning Outcome: 2-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
19) Which of the following statements about hydrogen bonds is false?
A) Hydrogen bonds are strong attractive forces between hydrogen atoms and negatively
charged atoms.
B) Hydrogen bonds can occur within a single molecule.
C) Hydrogen bonds can form between neighboring molecules.
D) Hydrogen bonds are important for holding large molecules together.
E) Hydrogen bonds are responsible for many of the properties of water.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
20) In an ionic bond, the electron donor is the ________, whereas the electron acceptor is
the ________.
A) acid; base
B) salt; ion
C) anion; cation
D) base; acid
E) cation; anion
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
21) In a molecule of nitrogen, three pairs of electrons are shared by two nitrogen atoms.
The type of bond that is formed is an example of a ________ bond.
A) single trivalent
B) double divalent
C) triple covalent
D) polar covalent
E) hydrogen
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
22) In hydrolysis reactions, compounds react with
A) hydrogen, causing decomposition.
B) glucose, causing decomposition.
C) water, causing decomposition.
D) carbon, causing decomposition.
E) water, causing synthesis.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
23) Chemical reactions that yield energy, such as heat, are said to be
A) endergonic.
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B) activated.
C) exergonic.
D) neutral.
E) thermonuclear.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
24) Compounds that can be synthesized or broken down by chemical reactions inside the
body are called
A) inorganic compounds.
B) organic compounds.
C) nutrients.
D) metabolites.
E) enzymes.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
25) Each of the following is an inorganic compound except
A) water.
B) acids.
C) bases.
D) salts.
E) carbohydrates.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
26) During ionization, water molecules disrupt the ionic bonds of a salt to produce a
mixture of ions. These ions can carry a current and so are called
A) cations.
B) anions.
C) acids.
D) electrolytes.
E) counterions.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
27) Which of the following statements about water is false?
A) It is composed of polar molecules.
B) It is responsible for much of the mass of the human body.
C) It has a relatively low heat capacity.
D) It can dissolve many substances.
E) It contains hydrogen bonds.
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Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-6
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
28) Which of the following has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions?
A) pH 1
B) pH 14
C) pH 7
D) pH 10
E) pH 2
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
29) A(n) ________ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) ________ releases hydrogen ions.
A) acid; base
B) base; acid
C) compound; element
D) element; compound
E) molecule; acid
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 2-7
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
30) In the body, inorganic compounds
A) can serve as buffers.
B) can make up proteins.
C) are made from organic compounds.
D) are structural components of cells.
E) are metabolized for cellular energy.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-8
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
31) Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins are classified as
A) organic molecules.
B) inorganic molecules.
C) acids.
D) salts.
E) bases.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-9
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
32) Lipids
A) form essential structural components of cells.
B) provide a significant energy reserve.
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C) help to maintain body temperature.
D) cushion organs against shocks.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 2-10
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
33) The monomers of protein are
A) glucose.
B) fatty acids.
C) amino acids.
D) nucleotides.
E) nitrogen base.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 2-11
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
34) Each amino acid differs from another in the
A) number of central carbon atoms.
B) size of the amino group.
C) number of carboxyl groups.
D) nature of the side chain.
E) number of peptide bonds in the molecule.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 2-11
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
35) The smallest living unit within the human body is
A) a protein.
B) the cell.
C) a tissue.
D) an organ.
E) an organ system.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 3-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
36) Functions of the plasma membrane include all of the following except
A) separation of the cytoplasm from the extracellular fluid.
B) regulation of exchange of materials with the extracellular environment.
C) sensitivity to chemical changes in the extracellular fluid.
D) thermal insulation.
E) structural support.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 3-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
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37) The plasma membrane includes
A) integral proteins.
B) glycolipids.
C) phospholipids.
D) cholesterol.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 3-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
38) The watery component of the cytoplasm is called
A) cytosol.
B) protoplasm.
C) extracellular fluid.
D) interstitial fluid.
E) a colloidal gel.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
39) Each of the following is an example of a nonmembranous organelle except
A) lysosomes.
B) cilia.
C) centrioles.
D) ribosomes.
E) cytoskeleton.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
40) Microfilaments
A) anchor the cytoskeleton to membrane proteins.
B) control the consistency of cytoplasm.
C) with myosin, produce cell movement.
D) consist of the protein called actin.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
41) Which of the following consists of a network of intracellular membranes with
attached ribosomes?
A) rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) mitochondria
D) nucleoli
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E) Golgi apparatus
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
42) Which form of endoplasmic reticulum modifies and packages newly synthesized
proteins?
A) ribosomal endoplasmic reticulum
B) proteosomes reticulum
C) raised endoplasmic reticulum
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
43) Each of the following is a function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum except
A) storage and release of calcium ions.
B) modification of protein.
C) synthesis of steroid hormones.
D) synthesis of triglycerides.
E) detoxification of drugs.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
44) Some cells contain large numbers of mitochondria while others have relatively few or
none. This suggests that
A) cells with large numbers of mitochondria are short-lived.
B) cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a high energy demand.
C) cells with small numbers of mitochondria have a large ATP supply.
D) cells with large numbers of mitochondria have a low energy demand.
E) some cells are older than others.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
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Figure 3-1 The Anatomy of a Representative Cell
Use Figure 3-1 to answer the following questions (45-50):
45) Which structure organizes the mitotic spindle during cell division?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
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D) 5
E) 6
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
46) Synthesis of carbohydrates and lipids occurs in the structure labeled
A) 4.
B) 5.
C) 6.
D) 7.
E) 8.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
47) Which structure produces ATP for the cell?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 5
E) 6
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
48) Which organelle renews the cell membrane and modifies and packages proteins for
secretion?
A) 4
B) 5
C) 6
D) 7
E) 8
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
49) The structure labeled "1" permits the cell to
A) attach to neighboring cells.
B) produce more cells.
C) increase surface area for increased absorption.
D) swim in extracellular fluid.
E) trap bacteria.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
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50) The components of ribosomes are formed within
A) the endoplasmic reticulum.
B) Golgi complexes.
C) lysosomes.
D) mitochondria.
E) nucleoli.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 3-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
51) Most of a cell's DNA is located in its
A) ribosomes.
B) lysosomes.
C) Golgi apparatus.
D) nucleus.
E) nucleolus.
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 3-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
52) The triplet codes needed to specify a specific polypeptide chain are found in the
A) cytoplasm.
B) gene.
C) codon.
D) anticodon.
E) polypeptide itself.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 3-3
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
53) mRNA is needed to synthesize ________ in the cytoplasm.
A) carbohydrates
B) lipids
C) proteins
D) phospholipids
E) salts
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 3-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
54) The process of protein formation directed by mRNA is called
A) replication.
B) transcription.
C) translation.
D) mitosis.
E) auscultation.
Answer: C
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Learning Outcome: 3-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
55) The mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence ATC on DNA is
A) ATC.
B) TAG.
C) UAG.
D) AUG.
E) AUC.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 3-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
56) Thymine is replaced by which nitrogen base in RNA?
A) ribose
B) uracil
C) guanine
D) thymine is not replaced in RNA
E) cytosine
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 3-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
57) The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low
concentration is an example of
A) osmosis.
B) active transport.
C) diffusion.
D) facilitated transport.
E) filtration.
Answer: C
Learning Outcome: 3-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
58) Diffusion of a substance across the cell membrane is influenced by all of the
following except
A) hydrolysis of ATP.
B) the presence of the membrane channels.
C) the charge on the ion.
D) concentration gradient.
E) lipid solubility.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 3-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
59) Osmotic pressure
A) forces water to move toward the higher solute concentration.
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B) forces water to move across a semipermeable membrane.
C) can be opposed by hydrostatic pressure.
D) increases as solute concentration increases.
E) All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 3-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
60) Red blood cell shrinkage is to ________ as red blood cell bursting is to ________.
A) crenation; hemolysis
B) lysis; crenation
C) hypotonic; isotonic
D) isotonic; hypotonic
E) isotonic; hypertonic
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 3-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
Xtra Credit (1 point each)
1) A chemical imbalance in the body can cause the heart to stop pumping blood, which in
turn will cause other tissues and organs to cease functioning. This observation supports
the view that
A) all organisms are composed of cells.
B) all levels of organization within an organism are interdependent.
C) chemical molecules make up cells.
D) blood has magical properties.
E) congenital defects can be life-threatening.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-4
Bloom's Taxonomy: Application
2) If a response decreases a disturbance, the control system is classified as a ________
feedback system.
A) deficit
B) negative
C) neutral
D) polarized
E) positive
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 1-6
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Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
3) A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates
A) surface tension.
B) chemical tension.
C) static electricity.
D) heat capacity.
E) hydrophilic attraction.
Answer: A
Learning Outcome: 2-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Knowledge
4) The following is a list of the steps involved in the process of secretion by the Golgi
apparatus. What is the proper order for these steps?
1. Material moves from cisterna to cisterna by means of transfer vesicles.
2. Exocytosis
3. Products from RER are packaged into transport vesicles.
4. Secretory vesicles are formed at the maturing face.
5. Vesicles arrive at the forming face.
6. Enzymes modify arriving proteins and glycoproteins.
A) 5, 6, 1, 4, 2, 3
B) 2, 3, 5, 6, 1, 4
C) 4, 3, 1, 6, 5, 2
D) 3, 5, 6, 1, 4, 2
E) 1, 3, 6, 4, 2, 5
Answer: D
Learning Outcome: 3-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
5) If a red blood cell (RBC) is placed in a 0.5% salt solution, which of the following
would occur?
1. Water will move out of the RBC.
2. RBC will hemolyze.
3. RBC will crenate.
4. Water will enter the RBC.
A) 1 and 3 only
B) 2 and 3 only
C) 1 and 2 only
D) 3 and 4 only
E) 2 and 4 only
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 3-5
Bloom's Taxonomy: Comprehension
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