LINK BETWEEN INFRASTRUCTURE, HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY IN AFRICA- AKWA IBOM
EXPERIENCE
PRESENTED
BY
HIS EXCELLENCY, CHIEF(DR) GODSWILL AKPABIO
Executive Governor of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
Akwa Ibom State Government
OUTLINE
1
INTRODUCTION
2
DEFINITION OF TERMS
3
INFRASTRUCTURE, HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY
4
AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
5
8
CONCLUSION
Security Watch Africa Conference
Akwa Ibom State Government
INTRODUCTION
When God created man, the essential needs of man were food, shelter and
clothing. As men grew in time, space and number, other needs arose and
these were indentified in Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs as:
Physiological
safety,
social,
esteem and
self-actualization needs.
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INTRODUCTION
These needs led to a more complex society and a stronger desire for man to
master his environment and meet the needs of man. These needs coalesced
into a conceptual framework which has come to be referred to as
infrastructure.
It is only the provision of quality infrastructure which can ameliorate human
suffering and set the right and veritable conditions for growth, development
and industrialization.
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... INTRODUCTION
In the same vein, human resource development has been defined as
‘organized learning activities arranged within an organization in order to
improve performance and/or personal growth for the purpose of improving
the job, the individual, and/or the organization.” The nexus between
infrastructure and human resource development being that you need
persons of a certain performance and skill level to build and maintain the
infrastructure in our communities.
Security is necessary to provide protection for the infrastructure as well as
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the human resource
which sustain the infrastructure.
Security Watch Africa Conference
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
Infrastructure:
The society is a collection of people, which needs certain physical and
organizational structures for its survival, continuity, welfare and, more
fundamentally, its enterprises.
Infrastructure refers to these physical and organization structures which
support the society and facilitates the production and distribution of
wealth, the maintenance of social services and the provision of basic
social amenities.
In this wise, infrastructure refers to roads, basic social services, buildings
etc.
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DEFINITION OF TERMS
… Infrastructure:
Worthy of note is the fact that some scholars classify infrastructure into
two broad categories;
Hard
infrastructure
refers
to
capital
assets
such
as
plants,
transportation, garbage collection, basic energy and communication
facilities, water management, solid waste management etc.
Soft infrastructure on the other hand refers to the institutions needed
to sustain the economic, cultural and social standards and values of a
country.
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... DEFINITION OF TERMS
Human Resource Development:
It is the improvement and expansion of human capital within a
system through the systematic development of both the system or
organization and the individual.
Wikipedia integrates the “use of training, organization and career
development
efforts
to
improve
individual,
group
and
organizational effectiveness…it develops the key competencies
that enable individuals in organizations to perform current and
future jobs through planned learning activities. Groups within
organizations use HRD to initiate and manage change. Also, HRD
ensures a match between individual and organizational needs”.
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... DEFINITION OF TERMS
Security:
 Security raises the question of how secure the society is for
both the members and its organizations. It is assessed based
on the level of protection it offers against crime, loss of human
rights, damage to persons or properties and danger.
 What structures and processes are provided for defending
fundamental human rights and securing lives and properties in
the society.
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... DEFINITION OF TERMS
… Security:
Institute for Security and Open Methodologies (ISECOM) defines
security as “a form of protection where a separation is created
between the assets and threat”. In other words, governance is a
social contract between the government and the governed and
for the payment of tax and performing his civic duties, the
government undertakes to offer protection, security and the
requisite infrastructures for human development in the society.
And for security to be effective, it must be both reactionary and
proactive.
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INFRASTRUCTURE, HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY
The development of infrastructure in the world, with
particular reference to the First World, should serve as a
paradigm for Africa’s infrastructural development efforts.
The sustained economic development strategy of the First
World is anchored on long term planning and the
prioritization of human resource development.
It is an indubitable truth that high transactions costs arising
from inadequate and inefficient infrastructure in our
continent prevent our economy from realizing their full
potentials regardless of the progress on other fronts.
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... INFRASTRUCTURE, HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY
We should bear in mind the categorization of infrastructure into
physical and social infrastructure. It is a fact that the existence of
the physical infrastructure in functional and efficient states, and
along with other services would provide the conditions requisite
for development and growth.
Social infrastructure being the other subset cover water supply,
sanitation, sewage disposal, education, health, entertainment
and other sundry components which have a direct impact on
the quality of life. This also has a direct bearing with the overall
growth and productivity of the society.
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... INFRASTRUCTURE, HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY
It must be stated that shortfalls in the two subsets isolated above
may have given rise to congested or deplorable roads, power
outages, long waiting lists for installations or acquisition of
telephones, shortages of portable water, all of them combining
to accentuate the widening gap between the demand and
supply of infrastructure and the question of sustainability of
economic growth.
This is one of the banes of our development as a continent and
the reason, but it is a challenge that the new generation of
Africans can tackle and change.
The security challenges that we have in Africa are man-made.
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... INFRASTRUCTURE, HUMAN RESOURCE
DEVELOPMENT AND SECURITY
And up till now the inherited military psyche has not completely
been divorced from the police and they have failed to see
themselves as a civilian establishment.
The political side of this is that our countries were not formed by
our forefathers but by foreigners.
There was no attempt to build a nation out of the multifarious
and diverse ethnicities which were lumped together to form
nations based on geographical proximity – not consent. These
more than anything else accounts for African being identified as
a continent in crisis.
We can take our destiny in our hands and forge a future which
would confound the history books and leave a legacy which
posterity will someday describe as our finest hour.
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 Location:
• South-South in the oil rich Niger Delta region of
Nigeria.
• Along a Coastal Stretch of 129km from Oron in the
East to Ikot Abasi in the West.
• Providing
a
massive
coastline
with
enormous
opportunities.
 Bordered on the East by Cross River State; on the West
by Rivers State and Abia State, and on the South by the
Atlantic Ocean.
 Population - 3.9 million (2006), 4.2m projected in 2009.
Security Watch Africa Conference
Akwa Ibom State Government
... AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
The rich human and material resources and the clement
weather combine to put the state in a pole position for
accelerate development.
What was needed was to have someone who could build
infrastructure, develop human resources, provide security
and set an agenda for development.
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Security Watch Africa Conference
Akwa Ibom State Government
To achieve the ambitious objective of transforming the State, we set the following
strategic goals.
1
To build an economy that
is viable, self reliant and
sustainable.
2
To galvanize all our
human resource
capabilities within
the State, the
nation and in the
Diaspora to build a
critical mass
3
To create an
enabling
environment for
businesses to thrive
while encouraging
investments.
Security Watch Africa Conference
Akwa Ibom State Government
AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
We also resolved not to play politics of any kind with projects
and to be guided by best practices and serve the best interests
our people in the choice of projects and their locations.
Our first challenge was to change the deplorable state of roads
in the State as several roads had been abandoned for decades
and communities had been cut-off for long spells of time.
Some of these roads were federal roads, which had become
virtual deathtraps.
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
We started with a master plan for an effective transportation
network for the State.
We did not discriminate between Federal and State roads,
because we believed that those who got injured and died on
those roads were covered by the social contract between the
government and the governed.
And there is no single Local Government Area in the State which
has not been touched by our revolutionary road transformation.
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Some of the Projects/programmes
 Free and compulsory education; codified by law
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Ibom International Airport
Completion of Ibom International Airport, which we met at siteclearing level and had since completed the first phase of the airport
with 3.6 km runway.
The airport comes with a maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO)
facility. Domestic and international flight operations had since
commenced at the airport.
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Some Pictures of the Ibom Intl Airport Facilities
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
We also resolved not to play politics of any kind with projects
and to be guided by best practices and serve the best interests
our people in the choice of projects and their locations.
Our first challenge was to change the deplorable state of roads
in the State as several roads had been abandoned for decades
and communities had been cut-off for long spells of time.
Some of these roads were federal roads, which had become
virtual deathtraps.
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ROADS as they were before intervention
view from Ekim Itam market, EKIM ITAM
ESU STREET, EKET
Afaha Obong by Queen of Apostle Seminary 3, Abak
Etim Ekpo – Iwukem Road
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Roads
Over 240 new roads, including about 200 km of
Federal
roads,
constructed
with
three
concentric flyovers in Uyo.
These roads, along with urban roads, have
remained pothole-free under the Operational
Zero Pothole Programme initiated by our
administration.
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ROADS now
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A section of Etim Ekpo- Iwukem Road
… ROADS Now
NOW
Entrance to Governors’ Lodge
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Flyovers in Uyo
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
some of the Projects/programmes
 Construction of West African’s first digital library. This is an imposing
edifice which would accelerate information and communication technology
growth in the State.
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Healthcare
 Initiation
and
implementation
of
free
healthcare programme for children, expectant
mothers and the elderly.
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Drainage System
The initiation and completion of the 3.7 km
underground drainage project using the pipejacking technology. The first of its kind in Africa and
this hopes to provide a permanent cure for the
erosion and flood problems in Uyo Capital City.
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Pipe –jacking Technology Drainage System
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Health- Hospitals
Construction of five new general hospitals and a specialist hospital
of international standard.
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HEALTH FACILITIES
Immanuel General Hospital, Eket
General Hospital, Iquita, Oron
Cottage Hospital, Ibeno
Cottage Hospital, Ikot Ekpene
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Ibom Power Plant
Completion of 191 megawatts Ibom Power Project, started by the
preceding administration.
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Aerial view of the Ibom Power Plant
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Gas Pipe Laying to the Power Plant
 Construction of a gas processing plant with 69 km of pipeline to
supply gas to the IPP.
Gas Pipe Laying project for Ibom Power Plant by Septa Energy
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Rural Electrification
Comprehensive rural electrification scheme
which has linked additional 1,400 communities,
achieving 85 percent coverage, from the 35
percent level he met at assumption of office in
2007.
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Other Projects
Through the Inter-ministerial Direct Labour
model, over 3,000 projects spread across the 31
Local Government Areas with each Local
Government not benefitting from less than 75
projects,
have
been
completed
and
commissioned.
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OTHER DIRECT LABOR PROJECTS
Rehabilitation of 6 bedroom bungalow health centre Nkana
Mini-Water Project Ikot Nkwot Ikot Nseyen
Construction of 12 Open Stall Iwochang
Rehabilitation of Children's Ward Cottage Hospital Ekpene
Obo
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
SECURITY
 Improved security with the provision of patrol
vehicles, armored personal carriers and gun boats
to boost security operations in the State.
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SECURITY
Mobile Police base, Ukana
Police Boat
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
TROPICANA ENTERTAINMENT CENTER
 Construction
of a world class business and
entertainment resort – the Tropicana
Entertainment Center.
• Cineplex (already completed),
• Shopping malls,
• Wet and dry park and a monorail,
• Sixteen storey 250-bedroom five star
hotel,
• international
convention center.
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TROPICANA CONVENTION CENTER - Mall and Cineplex
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TROPICANA CONVENTION CENTER
..inside Viewing Halls, Cineplex
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AKWA IBOM STATE EXAMPLE
Others
 Training and empowerment of over 3,000 youths
with five hundred thousand naira loan under the
integrated farmer’s scheme.
Improved worker’s welfare packages with the
payment of a thirteenth month bonus salary. The
first Governor in the country to accept to pay
workers the N18,000.00 minimum wage.
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CONCLUSION
 A careful study of the projects undertaken by this administration
would show the link between infrastructure, human resource
development and security.
The infrastructural needs of any society are hardly ever exhausted.
It is apparent that as society evolves, the infrastructural needs also
evolve correspondingly. At this critical time in our continent’s history,
there is a greater demand on infrastructural needs, but with varying
preferences to acquiesce with our own means.
This is our challenge and this is our call. We must rise up to meet
these needs. We must respond to the call to develop our human
resources to meet the challenges of an ever changing world.
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THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS
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