Sociology Final Exam Study Guide
2015-2016
**Remember: You must turn in your textbook on the day of the exam.**
Exam format:
Honors:
 80 multiple choice (1 pt. each/80 pts. total)
 3 short answer (10 pts. each/30 pts. total)
 1 essay (40 pts.)
Total: 150 pts.
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CP:
90 multiple choice (1 pt. each/90 pts. total)
5 short answer (8 pts. each/40 pts. total)
1 essay (20 pts.)
Total: 150 pts.
Units of study on the exam:
 Unit 1: Introduction to Sociology (Chapter 1, all)
 Unit 2: Culture (Chapters 2 and 3, all)
 Unit 3: Socialization and Gender Roles (Chapter 5, sections 1 and 3; and Chapter 11, section 1)
 Unit 4: Adolescence and Adulthood (Chapters 6 and 7, all; and Chapter 11, section 2)
 Unit 5: Social Stratification (Chapter 9, all; and Chapter 10, sections 1 and 2)
 Unit 6: Deviance (Chapter 8, all)
Key terms, people, and ideas to review:
Intro. to Sociology
- Sociology
- Social sciences
- Anthropology
- Psychology
- Social psychology
- Economics
- Political science
- History
- Social interaction
- Social phenomena
- Sociological perspective
- Fields of study (e.g.
adolescence, crime,
education)
- Sociological imagination
- “Halo” and “horns” effects
-
Factors that led to the
development of sociology as a
field of study
Auguste Comte
Herbert Spencer
Karl Marx
Emile Durkheim
Max Weber
Harriet Martineau
Jane Addams
W.E.B. Du Bois
Social statics
Social dynamics
Cerebral hygiene
Social Darwinism
Bourgeoisie
-
Proletariat
Verstehen
Theory
Theoretical perspectives
Functionalist theory
Conflict theory
Symbolic interactionist theory
Functions – manifest and latent
Dysfunctional
Survey
Historical method
Content analysis
Detached observation
Participant observation
Case study
Experiment
Culture
- Ethnocentrism
- Cultural relativism
- Culture/components of culture
- Technology
- Symbols
- Language
- Values
- Norms
- Material culture
- Nonmaterial culture
- Society
- Folkways
- Mores
-
Culture traits
Culture complexes
Culture patterns
George Murdock
Cultural universals
Cultural variation
Subculture
Counterculture
Social control
Internalization
Sanctions
Positive/negative sanctions
Formal/informal sanctions
-
Intelligence and culture
(Body) language and culture
Robin M. Williams
American values
Linguistic-relativity hypothesis
Social change (and sources of
change)
Ideology
Social movement
Diffusion
Reformulation
Cultural lag
Vested interest
Socialization and Gender Roles
- Personality
- Instinct
- Nature vs. nurture
- Ivan Pavlov
- Classical conditioning
- John Watson (Baby Albert exp.)
- Albert Bandura (Bobo Doll exp.)
- Feral children
- Genie Wiley
-
Socialization
Agents of socialization:
Family
Peers
School
Mass media
Fairy tales
Gender
Sex
-
Gender roles
Gender identity
Gendered communication
Patriarchy
Sexism
Wage gap
Glass ceiling/escalator
“Pink collar” jobs
“Second shift”
Adolescence and Adulthood
- Adolescence
- Puberty
- Developments that led to the
concept of adolescence
- Characteristics of adolescence
- “Generation Like” and social
media
- Technology and social isolation
- Courtship vs. dating
- Purposes of dating
- The adolescent brain
- Stress
- Grit
- Challenges of adolescence
- Teen pregnancy
Social Stratification
- “The Difference that Class
Makes”
- Stratification
- Social inequality
- Caste system
- Class system
- Social class – wealth, power,
prestige
- Functionalist theory of
stratification
- Conflict theory of stratification
- Social classes in the U.S.
- Upper class
- Upper-middle class
- Lower-middle class
- Working class
- Working poor
- Underclass
- Social mobility
Deviance
- Defining deviance
- Stigmatization
- Functions of deviance
- Clarifying norms
- Unifying the group
- Diffusing tension
- Promoting social change
- Providing jobs
- Deviance in “Grinch”
-
Teen dating violence
Underage drinking
Depression and suicide
Eating disorders
Stages of adulthood for males
Early adulthood
Novice phase
Middle adulthood
Midlife crisis
Mentor
“B.O.O.M.” - becoming one’s
own man
Late adulthood
Phases of adult female
development
-
Labor force
Changes in the labor force
Profession
Occupation
Wealth, power, prestige
Blue, white, pink collar jobs
Unemployment
Gerontology
Social gerontology
Young, middle, old-old
Dependency
Ageism
“Graying of America”
Baby Boomers
Futurism
-
Horizontal mobility
Vertical mobility
Intergenerational mobility
“Myth of the American Dream”
Poverty level
Functions of poverty
Life chances
Risk factors and effects of
poverty
Minimum wage
Social welfare programs
SNAP
WIC
Care4Kids
TFA/Jobs First
Race
Ethnicity
Ethnic group
Minority Group
-
Discrimination
Prejudice
Legal discrimination
Institutionalized discrimination
Stereotype
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Racism
Scapegoating
Racial profiling
Patterns of minority treatment:
Cultural pluralism
Assimilation
Legal protection
Segregation
Subjugation
Population transfer
Extermination/genocide
30 Days on a Navajo
Reservation
-
Explaining deviance
Functionalist perspective
Strain theory
Conflict perspective
Interactionist perspective
Control theory
Labeling theory
Cultural transmission theory
Primary deviance
-
Secondary deviance
Crime
Types of crime – organized,
violent, property, white-collar,
victimless
Hate crime
Criminal justice system –
police, courts, corrections
Recidivism
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CP: You can bring in a 4x6 note card with handwritten notes on the front and back to use during the exam. It will be
collected with the exam.
Honors: The essay portion of the exam will be open-notes. After you finish the multiple choice and short answer
portion, you will hand it in and get the essay prompt, at which point you can consult class notes, handouts, etc.
Date of exam: _________________________