Name: __________________________________________________ Date: ___________ Period: ______
Anatomy: Nervous System Study Guide
1. Name three functions of the nervous system.
2. Label the different parts of the neuron:
3. Define the different parts of the neuron:
a. _______________________________ - fatty substance that surrounds and insulates the
axon
b. _______________________________ - the long branch that conducts the message away
from the soma
c. _______________________________ - the neuron cell body
d. _______________________________ -specialized cells that surround the axon and
crates a myelin sheath
e. _______________________________ - the end of the axon where the message is passed
to the next neuron
f. _______________________________ -branches that receive messages from other
neurons
g. _______________________________ -gaps in between the myelin sheath
Name: __________________________________________________ Date: ___________ Period: ______
Anatomy: Nervous System Study Guide
4. Explain how the ‘message’ can be considered electrical.
5. Explain how the ‘message’ can be considered chemical.
6. What is a reflex arc?
7. Differentiate between afferent and efferent.
8. Create a tree representing the nervous system and all its branchings.
Name: __________________________________________________ Date: ___________ Period: ______
Anatomy: Nervous System Study Guide
9. Create a T chart differentiating the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous
systems
10. Differentiate gray matter and white matter.
11. List the four lobes of the brain and the focuses that they house.
12. List what the cerebellum controls:
Name: __________________________________________________ Date: ___________ Period: ______
Anatomy: Nervous System Study Guide
13. List what the brain stem controls:
14. What does a photoreceptor sense?
15. What does a chemoreceptor sense?
16. What does a nociceptor sense?
17. Label the 6 parts of the eye.
18. Write in the name of each part of the eye based on the correct function.
a. _____________________ - the white outermost layer of the eye
b. _____________________ - transparent part of sclera that lets light into eye
c. _____________________ - innermost layer of eye that contains photoreceptors
d. _____________________ - colored part of eye that are muscles to control the pupil
e. _____________________ - transparent flexible tissue that focuses light into eye
f. _____________________ - nerve that transmits visual information to the brain
g. _____________________ - a hole in the iris that allows light to pass through
Name: __________________________________________________ Date: ___________ Period: ______
Anatomy: Nervous System Study Guide
19. Differentiate between cataracts and glaucoma.
20. Differentiate between hyperopia and myopia. Explain which type is labeled
‘nearsighted’ and ‘farsighted.’ Explain which category presbyopia would fit in.
21. Explain why the blind spot exists.
22. List the parts of the ear.
Name: __________________________________________________ Date: ___________ Period: ______
Anatomy: Nervous System Study Guide
23. List the words of the ear that correctly match the definitions
a. ____________________________ - connects pharynx to middle ear to equalize air
pressure
b. ____________________________ - canal that directs waves to the eardrum
c. ____________________________ - 3rd ear bone (stirrup) that transfers vibrations
from anvil to oval window
d. ____________________________ - 3 canals that detect motion and position
e. ____________________________ - nerve that transfers motion and position to brain
f. ____________________________ - delicate membrane that separates outer and
middle ear
g. ____________________________ - 1st ear bone (hammer) that attaches to the
eardrum
h. ____________________________ - nerve that transfers sound information to brain
i. ____________________________ - sensory organ of hearing in the inner ear
j. ____________________________ - 2nd ear bone (anvil)that transfers vibrations from
hammer to the stirrup
24. Explain how motion sickness is associated with the ear.
25. Describe the main functions of the external, middle, and inner ear.
26. Inside the ear canal there are hairs and glands. Name the glands and describe their
function. Explain how the hairs assist in this.
27. Differentiate between a reflex and a reaction.
28. Write 2 examples for a reflex and 2 examples for a reaction.