HEMISPHERES
Latitude and Longitude
Earth’s Hemispheres
The Earth can be divided into four parts or hemispheres:
1)
Northern
2)
Southern
3)
Eastern
4)
Western
LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE
 The Equator is a horizontal line that divides the
earth into northern and southern hemispheres.
 It is an imaginary line that runs from east to
west across globes and maps of the world.
The Equator
Latitude
 Latitude is the distance we measure for
places that are north or south of the
equator.
- Latitude starts at the equator at a
measurement of 0°.
- The maximum measurement for
latitude is 90° for both hemispheres
(north and south poles).
LATITUDE
 Since lines of latitude run from east to west in a
horizontal pattern across maps and globes they are
also called “parallel lines” .
 There are seven major lines of latitude:
North Pole 90 N
Arctic Circle 66.5 N
Tropic of Cancer 23.5 N
Equator 0 degrees
Tropic of Capricorn 23.5 S
Antarctic Circle 66.5 S
South Pole 90 S
LONGITUDE
 Longitude is a vertical line that divides the earth into
eastern and western hemispheres.
 It is an imaginary line that runs from north to south
from the north pole to south pole across globes and
maps of the world.
Longitude
 Longitude is the distance we measure
for places that are east (°E) or west (°W)
of the Prime Meridian.
- Longitude starts at the Prime Meridian
at a measurement of 0°.
- The maximum measurement for
longitude is 180 ° (called the
International Date Line or IDL).
LONGITUDE
 Lines of longitude are also called
“meridians”.
The International Date Line
LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE GRID
 When we use lines of latitude and longitude
together they create a grid system over maps and
globes of the Earth that we can use to locate places.