The Industrial Revolution
and Society
By:Corie Chisley
Industrial Revolution
What was it?- the transition
to new manufacturing
processes in the 1830's.
Things went from being
made by hand to
machinery.
Impact on society?- Most
people had to begin
working in factory's, which
was new to everyone.
Eli Whitney and
Interchangeable Parts
Who was he?- Eli Whitney
was an inventor who invented
the cotton gin and many other
things. He was head of a
mass production of muskets,
which were an
interchangeable part.
Interchangeable parts are
parts for practical purposes
that can be made in large
masses and are indentical.
Lives Changed
Workers ranged between
the ages of about 7-60. In
the beginning of the
revolution workers lives
were flipped. Some went
from working peacefully
in the country to being
forced to word long, hard
hours in a factory.
Rhode Island and Lowell
Systems
Rhode Island system- a system
of labor created by Samuel Slater
that used families, including small
children, as laborers to work on
spinning his cotton mill.
Lowell system- a system that
used "mill girls" to work in textile
centers to earn more money than
they could at home. They usually
stayed in company boarding
houses away from family.
Trade unions, strikes, and
collective bargaining
trade unions- An organization
whose membership consists of
workers and union leaders, united
to protect and promote their
common interests.
strikes- a refusal to work organized
by a body of employees in usually
attempt to gain concession from
their employer.
Collective bargaining- negotiation
of wages and other conditions of
employment by an organized body
of employees.
Early efforts at labor
reform
Beginning with the workingmen’s
parties of the 1830s, the people
of equal rights made a series of
reform efforts that went through
the nineteenth century. Most
notable were the National Labor
Union, launched in 1866, and the
Knights of Labor, which reached
its peak in the mid-1880s. Trade
unionism tended to the workers’
immediate needs, labor reform to
their higher hopes.
Fulton, and Gibbons v.
Ogden
Fulton and the steamboatRobert Fulton designed and built
the first successful commercial
steamboat, the Clermont.
Gibbons v. Ogden- a landmark
decision in which the Supreme
Court of the United States held
that the power to regulate
interstate commerce was granted
to Congress by the Commerce
Clause of the United States
Constitution.
Transportation revolution
The Panic of 1819 alerted many to the need for more
effective transportation of goods. Most rivers west of the
Appalachians ran north to south, so they could not connect
western farmers with the eastern markets where their goods
were sold. The National Road was the primary connection
between east and west, and it advanced further west each
year. In addition, between 1815 and 1825 seven northern
states built toll roads, or turnpikes. However, this did not
solve the problem of transportation. Horse-drawn wagons
had very limited capacity and roads were very expensive to
maintain. So interest turned toward the concept of water
transportation.
Growth of Railroads to
1850
. In 1830, the South Carolina RailRoad Company was formed to
draw trade from the interior of the
state. It had a steam locomotive
called The Best Friend of
Charleston the first steam
locomotive to be built for sale in the
US. A year later, the Mohawk &
Hudson railroad reduced a 40-mile
wandering canal trip that took all
day to accomplish, to a 17-mile trip
that took less than an hour. Its first
steam engine was named the
DeWitt Clinton after the builder of
the Erie Canal.
Technological advances
1829- typewriter
1832 - stereoscope
1835- propeller
1839- bicycle
1846-sewing machine
1859- dishwasher
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