Chapter 5
Invention, Innovation and
the Creative Edge
Good Ideas are…
• Innovative:
– Something no one has thought of before
– Has never been made to work before
• Satisfy a need
Where do you look for new ideas?
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Internet
Nature
Talking to friends
Stores
TV
Magazines
Dreams
Some ways to find new ideas
• Newspapers: articles, classifieds, ads,
• Magazines: consumer, trade, specialty
• Trade Shows: displays
How observant are you?
• Do test p91 with partner
• Then repeat
Where can you get ideas for a
new business venture?
• Look for:
– Change
• Change can spur an idea for a new venture
– Patterns
• Watch how people shop, interact, talk about ideas
but then do nothing with those ideas
Developing an idea
• Get an idea
– research it
– talk to others >> ideas, support
– keep records of everything
Pop Quiz
• Page 92 #1, #2
Invention or Innovation
Invention and Innovation
• Invention and innovation are closely linked for
the successful entrepreneur or enterprising
person.
• Most new ideas begin with a “What if???”
• Chris Haney asked, “What if I invent a game that
ask trivia questions?” – Trivial Pursuit.
• Jacques Plante asked, “What if I wear a mask to
protect my face?” – Goalie Mask
• Before we look at the future and what has
been invented, let’s look at the past and see
how far we have come
Examples of Inventions
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Velcro
Internet
Basketball
Telephone
Automobile
Camera
Cornflakes
Zipper
Television
Toboggan
Lacrosse
Kayak
Birch Bark Canoe
Lie Detector
Slinky
Crayons
Radio
Tractor
Yo - Yo
Frisbee
Photocopier
Helicopter
Hula Hoop
Electric Shaver
Examples of Innovations
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Coloured Ketchup
Cell Phone
Plasma Screen T.V.
Tea Bag
Disposable Camera
Roller Blades
Contact Lenses
Cake Mix
Teddy Bear
Instant Coffee
Life Savers
Pop-Up Toaster
Band-Aid
Pez Candy
Barbie Doll
Drive-In Theatre
Canned Beer
Toyota’s Hybrid Car
Awesome and Innovative Bathtub Design Ideas
Invention
• the creation of something new
Innovation
• a change to something that already
exists
CANADIAN HALL OF FAME
ENTREPRENEURS
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William & Alfred Billes – Canadian Tire
Armand Bombardier – Bombardier
George Cohon – MacDonald’s Canada
Timothy Eaton – Eaton’s
K. C. Irving – Irving Empire
Lord Thompson – Hudson Bay & Thompson Empire
Wallace & Harrison McCain – McCain Foods
Ed Mirvish – Honest Ed’s
Frank Stronach – Auto Parts
Garfield Weston - Weston’s
Guy Laliberte & Guy Caron – Cirque du Soleil
Local Entrepreneurs (Ontario)
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Mac Voison- M&M Meats
Christine Magee – Sleep Country Canada
John Sleeman – Sleeman Brewery
Claus Werner – Automated Tooling Systems
Donald Triggs – producer and marketer of wine
Canadian Inventors
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Basketball by James Naismith in 1891
Chocolate Nut Bar by Arthur Ganong in 1910
Electric Light Bulb by Henry Woodward 1874
Garbage Bag by Harry Wasylyk in 1950
Goalie Mask by Jaques Plante in 1960
Gramophone invented by Bell and Emile Berliner in 1889
Radio-Transmitted Voice by Reginald Fessenden in 1904
Snowblower by Arthur Sicard in 1925
Snowmobile by Joseph Bombardier in 1922
Standard Time by Sir Sanford Fleming in 1878
Television by Reginald Fessenden in 1927
Lawn Sprinkler by Real McCoy
5 Pin Bowling by T.E. Ryan in 1909
Ear Piercer by Thomas Ahearn 1882
Zipper by Gideon Sundback in 1913
Canadian Women Inventors
• Rachel Zimmerman – 12 year old inventor of
Computerized Blissymbolics Program
• Olivia Poole – inventor of the Jolly Jumper.
• Dianna Croteau – inventor of the CPR mannequin
• Dr. Emily Stowe – founder of Women’s College Hospital
• Pam Townsend – inventor of “The Ski Whiz” allows
anyone to water ski and gives beginners confidence.
• Stella Quesnelle - A wheeled lawn rake for gardening and
landscaping.
• Betty Duffield - The Mug Muff is a knitted tube worn to
protect the neck and lower face. It has a loose pocket to
cover the mouth and warm in-coming air and it can be
rolled down into a turtleneck or pulled up to frame the
face.
• Top 5 Japanese Inventions
• YouTube
Read p 94-95 and fill in the chart
Inventor
What did they invent
Read p 94-95 and fill in the chart
Inventor
What did they invent
James Write
Synthetic rubber
Paul Hodgson
Silly Putty
Jacques Plante
Goalie mask
Ruth Wakefield
Chocolate chunk cookies
Michael Duck
Dispense cream (Tim Horton’s)
Protecting Your Ideas
Patent
• A government grant giving the right to
exclude others from making, using or
selling an invention. A Canadian patent
applies within Canada for 20 years from
the date of filing of a patent application.
The patent application is available to the
public 18 months after filing.
Summary of steps to obtain a patent in Canada
1. Find a patent agent.
2. Do a preliminary search. (If there's an existing patent,
consider ending the process now.)
3. Help your agent prepare a patent application.
4. File your application.
5. Request examination.
6. Examiner does search for prior patents and studies
claims.
7. Examiner either approves or objects to the claims.
8. Respond to examiner's objections and requirements.
9. Examiner reconsiders and either approves or calls for
further amendments.
10. If final decision is objected to, you may appeal.
Fees
• There are three kinds of fees you must pay to
obtain a patent:
• filing fees,
$2,500
• examination fees and
$1,000
• grant of patent fees
$150-$700
• Yearly maintenance fees are required to
maintain an application or a patent in force.
• Patent infringement would occur if
someone made, used or sold your
patented “door lock” without your
permission in a country that has granted
you a patent, during the term of the
patent. If you believe your patent is
infringed, you may sue for damages in
the appropriate court.
• Protection before grant
When you obtain a patent in Canada, you
will be able to sue infringers for all damages
sustained after the grant of your patent. Also
after grant, you may sue for reasonable
compensation for infringements that occurred
in Canada from the date your application was
made available for public inspection (18
months after filing) to the date of grant.
• Trade secrets
You may be tempted to protect your
creation by simply keeping its
information secret and selling it to a
willing buyer. The information is then
known as a trade secret.
Patent marking and "patent pending"
The Patent Act does not require that patents be
marked as "Patented." However, marking an article
as patented in Canada when it isn't is against the
law.
You may wish to mark your invention "Patent
Applied For" or "Patent Pending" after you have
filed your application. These phrases have no legal
effect but may serve as warnings to others that
you'll be able to enforce the exclusive right to
manufacture the invention once a patent is
granted.
Copyrights
• Provide protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or
musical works
• e.g., books, maps, song lyrics, music, sculptures, paintings,
photographs, films, tapes, computer programs, databases,
performances, sound recordings, communication signals
• author has the right to have his/her work copyrighted
• unless they were hired or employed to create it
• cannot publish, perform, translate, adapt without
permission
• upon death, heirs hold copyright for 50 years
Trademarks
• A word, symbol or design (or a combination of
these), used to distinguish the wares and
services of one person or organization from
those of others in the marketplace.
• Ordinary marks - logo
• Certification marks - ISO 9000, TM, CSA
• Distinguishing guises - unique packaging or
shape
Industrial Design Act
• An industrial design is anything made
by hand, tool or machine that has a
distinctive feature
– register the design
• yours for 10 years
i.e., chair
Integrated Circuit
Topography Act
• An Act to provide for the protection of
electronic integrated circuit
topographies
• protected for 10 years
• Assignment:
• p 97 #2 (research)
• p 98-99
#1,2
Assignment:
• Draw ten trademarks associated with
different types of products on or close to
your person right now.
• Choose one of the trademarks you
drew. Describe IN DETAIL why you
think the company might have chosen
this trademark for its product. Include
design meaning, colour meaning
Assignment: Inventors
• There are many famous-and not-so-famousCanadian inventors and innovators.
Sometimes, an invention is well known but
the inventor is not. Other inventors have
become more famous than many of their
inventions. In this activity, you will have the
opportunity to visit Web sites that feature
Canadian inventors and innovators, both past
and present.
• Chart:
• Search each of the following sites and compile a list of 10
Canadian inventors or innovators and their inventions or
innovations. Use the outline below to compile your findings.
CANADIAN INVENTORS AND INNOVATORS
• Canadian Inventor/ Innovator
• Invention/Innovation (include a brief description of
what the invention/innovation does or what it is used
for)
• Were you familiar with this Canadian and his or her
accomplishments before you began this activity? (Yes or
No)
• Famous Canadian Inventors Web page
• http://www.melazerte.com/library/inventors.htm
• Inventors in Canada Web site
• http://www.inventors.ca/
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E-Library:
http://elibrary.bigchalk.com/ce/canada/
Eden’s username: 53-59442
Eden’s password: bigchalk
Inventor Presentation & Report
• Select one of the inventors or innovators which is
different from all others in the class and prepare
a report and a power point presentation on your
findings. You will present this to the class. Sign
up for your inventor as each presentation must
be different.
• Report:
title page, introduce inventor/innovator, what
they are famous for, how idea originated, how idea was
developed, how product got to marketplace, problems
along the way, result, where it is today, bibliography
• Slide Show: 20 slides – 10 minutes
The Problem Solving Process
The Problem-Solving Process
7. Is the problem solved? If not, choose
another idea and try again.
6. Try out your idea
5. Rank your ideas and select the best one
4. Use your criteria for evaluating ideas
3. Establish criteria for evaluating ideas
2. Generate lots of possible solutions
1. Think about the problem
• Problem Solving Innovative Thinking
Speaker Jim Feldman
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vJBE1Wv1Law
5.59 min
• Very cleaver
• Depth
• Distance
• Determination
Lateral Thinking
• Break from standard
– think sideways
(not forward, up or
down)
– see unique perspective “outside-the-box”
• YouTube
– Solar Bottle Lights in the Philippines
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBWi3NtND68
• Edward de Bono - discusses Lateral
Thinking™
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nb9Oe83ruUw
3.39 min
• good intro
• Edward de Bono on creative thinking
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UjSjZOjNIJg
4.19 min
• expert in lateral thinking or creative thinking
Assignment:
Define lateral thinking. Describe a time
when an entrepreneur you met or read
about used this type of thinking to solve
a problem.
• Indigo Introduces de Bono's Six
Thinking Hats®
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4IkCdBTxxE&f
eature=related
• 1.39 min
• Good intro
• Edward de Bono Six Thinking Hats
(1of6)
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Mtc_CBTIeI
10.34 min
Good into a little deep
Then look at the other videos
Thinking Hats
• White
– gathers facts, figures, objective info
– Unemotional
• Red
– recognizes emotion & intuition influence
– goes by hunches, feelings without judgment or
logic
• Green
– creative, see alternatives, proposals
– likes provoking, irritating, change
Thinking Hats
• Black
– will present logical case against idea
– gives negative feedback unemotionally
• Yellow
– logical, sees positives, why things work
– assess benefits
• Blue
– problem solvers
– solve everyone’s problems / makes it happen
Assignment: Complete the chart
Thinking Hat
White Hat
Red Hat
Green Hat
Black Hat
Yellow Hat
Blue Hat
What It
Means
Questions the How It Could
Thinker
Help You Plan
Might Ask
Your Venture
• The Problem-Solving Process
• Read pages 100 – 104
• P105 Complete the “Cool Stuff”
activity
– Hand in a summary of your findings with
your questions
• Answer Q #1
•
Q #4
• Interpreting Information
• How many squares?
See text p 106 #2, #3
Solving Problems
• there are many ways to find solutions
• ask 10 people, you will get 11 answers
• the best problem solvers are constantly
searching
– note details without losing perspective of whole
• How to Find More Answers
– see text p 107
Teamwork
• two minds better than one
• people build on other’s ideas
• teamwork builds on your strengths,
provides support
• work alone:
– run out of ideas and energy
Right Brain / Left Brain
• Left Brain
– sequential, analytical, linear
– contain the function of language and languagerelated activities
• Right Brain
– creative, imaginative, emotional, intuitive
– get sudden insights
TEAMWORK = left and right work together
• exercise both parts of your brain
• Right Brain/ Left Brain Quiz
– http://www.intelliscript.net/test_area/questio
nnaire/questionnaire.cgi
– What kind of brain do you have????
• Right Brain vs Left Brain Creativity
Test
– http://www.wherecreativitygoestoschool.com/v
ancouver/left_right/rb_test.htm
– Did this test agree with the previous one?
• Personality Test
– http://www.wherecreativitygoestoschool.com/v
ancouver/left_right/rb_test.htm
– Did this test agree with the first two?
Assignment
•
p109#1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Generating Ideas
• Word Clustering
– word in middle
– group like ideas
• Mind Mapping
– picture in middle (similar to word
clustering)
– associate key words and images
Generating Ideas
• Brainstorming
– record all ideas, even strange ones
– used frequently in business
• Visualization
– create picture of idea in your mind