Census Bureau Data on the
Social Determinants of Health
Jennifer Cheeseman Day, Ph.D.
Assistant Division Chief
Social, Economic, and Housing Statistics Division
U.S. Census Bureau
Knowledge 4 Equity Conference
November 13, 2012
Census Bureau Data on Social
Determinants of Health
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Age
Ancestry
Commuting patterns
(distance/time)
Disability
Educational attainment
Employer type (industry, class of
work)
Employment status
Fertility
Food stamps receipt
Household and family
composition
Physical Determinants of Health
Housing
Age of housing
Plumbing
Heating
Housing cost (monthly)
Housing conditions
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Housing value
Income and earnings amounts
Labor force status
Language spoken and English
ability
Marital status
Mobility
Nativity status/citizenship
Number of children
Other income sources
Perceived Health status
Poverty
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Race and ethnicity
School enrollment
Sex
Transportation to work
Type of work (occupation)
Veterans Disability
Veterans status
Wealth
Well-being: basic needs,
consumer durables, ability to get
help, food security, fear of crime
Health care costs and financing
Health care services
Health insurance (Insured/not)
Accessability
Types of health insurance
Health Care Workers
Spells of health insurance
Number of medical personnel
Employer health insurance take-up
Availability of medical
Reasons not covered
offices/hospitals
Out-of-pocket spending (MOOP)
Types of medical
Family Care
Utilization of health services
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Which source best fits your needs?
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Decennial Census, Population Estimates
American Community Survey
Current Population Survey
Survey of Income and Program Participation
Small Area Poverty and Health Insurance
Estimates (SAIPE, SAHIE)
Economic Business data
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Content and Geography
People
Decennial
Census &
Estimates
Businesses
Small Area
Survey of
Poverty and
Income and
Health
Program
Insurance
Participation Estimates
American
Community
Survey
Current
Population
Survey
(ACS)
(CPS-ASEC)
(SIPP)
(Modeled)
Demographics
Age
Sex
Race/ethnicity
X
X
X
X
X
X
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X
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X
Geography
Nation/Region
State
Substate
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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X
Worksite
Sample
X
Census
3 million
addresses
Economic
business
data
X
X
X
X
100,000
addresses
94,000 people
modeled
Business
register
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Census 2010
Demographics Across Geographies
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Number of people
Where they live
Age
Sex
Race
Hispanic origin
• Relationship in household
• Rent or own home
http://2010.census.gov/2010census/
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Population Estimates
Level of Geography
Level of Detail
Nation
Total population
Population by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Total population
Population by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
Total population
Population by age, sex, race, and Hispanic origin
States
Counties
Cities and Towns (Incorporated Places and Minor
Civil Divisions)
Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas
Puerto Rico Commonwealth
Puerto Rico Municipios
Housing Units
Total population
Total population
Total population
Population by age and sex
Total population
Population by age and sex
Total
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Population Estimates and Projections
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American Community Survey: Content
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Data Products Release Schedule
Data Product
Population Size
of Area
2006
1-Year Estimates
for Data Collected in:
65,000+
3-Year Estimates
for Data Collected in:
20,000+
5-Year Estimates
for Data Collected in:
All Areas*
2005
2007
2008
Data released in:
2009
2010
2006
2007
2008
2009
2011
2012
2013
2010
2011
2012
2005-2007 2006-2008 2007-2009 2008-2010 2009-2011 2010-2012
2005-2009 2006-2010 2007-2011 2008-2012
* Five-year estimates are available for areas as small as census tracts and block groups.
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Current Population Survey
Annual Social and Economic Supplement
• Official Poverty Rate
• Detailed income sources and
amounts
• Health insurance and type
• Medical Out-of-Pocket expenses
• Health Status
• Labor force detail
• Household/family relationships
(parent pointers)
• Two year averages for states
• Historical
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Survey of Income and
Program Participation
• Cross-sectional and longitudinal
• Transitions, churning
• Core and Topical Module
questions
• Focus on low-income
• 3, 4, and 5 year panels, since
1984
• Follows people when they move
• National level primarily, state
• Current panel started 2008
• Re-designed SIPP 2014
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SIPP Core Content
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Demographics
Labor Force
General Income
Assets
Health Insurance
Education
Program participation
Health Status, Health Insurance,
And Medical Services Utilization: 2010
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2008 SIPP Topical Modules
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Adult Well-being
Annual Income and Retirement
Accounts
Assets and Liabilities
Child Care
Child Support Agreements
Child Well-Being
Economic Stimulus Questions
Education and Training History
Employer-Provided Health Benefits
Employment History
Fertility History
Functional Limitations and Disability
Household Relationships
Informal Care-giving
Int Accts, Stocks, Mortg, Val of Bus,
Rental
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Marital History
Medical Expenses/Utilization of Health
Care Migration History
Poverty (Work-related Expenses/Child
Support Paid)
Real Estate, Dependent Care, and
Vehicles
Recipiency History
Retirement and Pension Plan
Coverage
Support for Non-household Members
Tax Rebates
Taxes
Welfare Reform
Work Disability History
Work Schedule
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Small Area Income and Poverty
Estimates (SAIPE)
Modeled Poverty Estimates
States & counties
School districts
all people in poverty
total population
children under age 18 in
poverty
children ages 5 to 17
related children ages 5 to 17 in related children ages 5 to 17 in
families in poverty
families in poverty
children under age 5 in poverty
(for states only)
median household income
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Small Area
Health Insurance Estimates
Modeled Health Insurance Estimates
of Insured/Not insured
For States and Counties:
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Age groups: 0-64, 18-64, 40-64, 50-64
Sex
Race:
– White alone (non-Hispanic),
– Black alone (non- Hispanic),
– Hispanic (any race)
Income:
– less than or equal to: 138, 200, 250,
400 percent of poverty threshold
For Children (0-18):
– less than or equal to: 138, 200, 250,
400 percent of poverty threshold
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Subnational Economic Data Sources
About Businesses and Governments
Program name
Economic Census
Survey of Business
Owners
Statistics of U.S.
Businesses
Statistics of U.S.
Businesses
County Business
Patterns
ZIP Code Business
Patterns
Nonemployer
Statistics
Local Employment
Dynamics
Building Permits
Governments
Metro
Zip Latest
1
areas Counties Cities codes data Content
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X
2007
Sales, employment, payroll for establishments
2007
Sales, employment, payroll for firms by sex and ethnicity
of owner
2009
Employment and payroll for firms by employment size
2009
Births, deaths, expansions, contractions for
establishments
2010
Employment and payroll for establishments; employment
size
2010
Establishments by employment size by detailed industry
2010
Receipts for establishments with no paid employees
2011
Quarterly employment, job creation, earnings by age, sex
& sector
Number of housing units authorized by building permits
by size
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2012
http://www.census.gov/econ/progoverview.html#services
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2010
Federal, state, and local governments and activities
NAICS Industry Code: 62 Health Care
and Social Assistance
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County Business Patterns
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Custom Tabs with Health-Related
Occupations and Industries
• EEO File
– Detailed geography (Nation, States, CBSAs, counties/county sets,
places)
– Civilian population 16 and older
– Residence and worksite tables
– Occupation, race/ethnicity, sex, education, earnings, industry,
citizenship
– Sourced from 2006-2010 ACS 5-year data
– Release: November 29, 2012 on American FactFinder
• Disability File
– Selected tables from EEO file by disability (no industries)
– Sourced from 2008-2010 ACS 3-year data
– Planned release: Spring 2013 on American FactFinder
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How to access these data?
WWW.CENSUS.GOV
• Reports and Papers
 Subject Census web page
 Survey Census Web page: ACS, SIPP, CPS
 Working papers and conference papers
http://www.census.gov/prod/www/workpaps.html
• Tables and Table packages
 Subject Area Census web page
 American FactFinder (AFF)
• Unit Record Data -- PUMS files for ACS, SIPP, CPS
 DataFerret
 CPS Table Generator
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For more information
www.census.gov
Jennifer Cheeseman Day
Assistant Division Chief for Employment Characteristics
Social, Economic, and Housing Statistics Division
Jennifer.Cheeseman.Day@Census.gov
301-763-3399
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Additional slides
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Supply of health
care workers
Occupational illness
Industry and
Occupation
Industry
Occupation
ACS
SIPP
CPS
Write-ins, coded
SOC / NAICS
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Disability Questions
ACS
CPS
SIPP
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Veterans:
Service Connected Disability
Service Connected Disability Among
Veterans: 2011
100.0
80.0
60.0
40.0
20.0
0.0
Has no service-connected disability
rating
Has a service-connected disability
rating:
Disability Rating Among Veterans
with a Service Connected Disability
ACS
CPS
Rating not reported
70 percent or higher
50 or 60 percent
30 or 40 percent
10 or 20 percent
0 percent
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
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American Community Survey:
Health Insurance
Health Insurance by type, small geography
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Medical Out Of Pocket Expenses
During 2011, about how much did (name/you) pay for health
insurance premiums for (yourself/himself/herself) or others in
the household, after any reimbursements? Please include
premiums paid for HMOs, Fee for Service Plans, Commercial
Medicare Supplements, or other special purpose plans,such as
vision or dental plans. Include prescription drug insurance such as
medicare Part D premiums,and Medicare Advantage premiums.
DO NOT include Medicare Part B premiums.
Enter dollar amount ________________
During 2011, about how much was paid for (name/you) for overthe-counter health related products such as aspirin, cold
remedies, bandages, first aid supplies, and other items? Include
any amount paid on (your/his/her) behalf by anyone in this
household, that was not reimbursed.
Enter dollar amount________________
Aside from over-the-counter items, during 2011, about how much
was paid for (name's/your) own medical care, including
payments and co-payments for hospital visits, medical
providers, dental services, prescription medicine, vision aids,
and medical supplies? Include any amount paid on (your/his/her)
behalf by anyone in this household, that was not reimbursed.
Enter dollar amount ________________
CPS, new in 2010
SIPP
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Work Interruption for Family Care
Sex of Caregivers
(Percent distribution of employed workers
who had work interruption for family care)
Women
25 percent of
employed women have
taken an extended
break from work of 6
months or longer to
care for family
members.
Men
6.9%
Type of Family Care
(Percent distribution of employed women
who had work interruption for family care)
Care for child
Care for elder relative
SIPP
93.1%
Care for disabled relative
94.7%
3.8%
1.5%
Note: Among workers aged 25 to 62.
Source: Survey of Income Program Participation, 2004 Panel, Wave
27 1.
Nurse midwives
Podiatrists
Recreational therapists
Occupational therapy assistants and aides
Radiation therapists
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other
Audiologists
Nurse anesthetists
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers
Pharmacy aides
Optometrists
Opticians, dispensing
Chiropractors
Physical therapist assistants and aides
Medical transcriptionists
Massage therapists
Veterinarians
Occupational therapists
Dental hygienists
Dietitians and nutritionists
Phlebotomists
Nurse practitioners
Speech-language pathologists
Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations
Respiratory therapists
Medical records and health information technicians
Healthcare support workers, all other, including medical…
Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians
Physician assistants
Miscellaneous therapists, including exercise physiologists
Dentists
Physical therapists
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics
Dental assistants
Pharmacists
Diagnostic related technologists and technicians
Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians
Medical assistants
Health practitioner support technologists and technicians
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses
Physicians and surgeons
Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides
Registered nurses
0
Health care occupations
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
Source: American Community Survey, 2011.
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Geography of ACS
New
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