The Italian Republic
The Italian Republic was born the
2nd June 1946.
The 2nd June 1946 the Italian were
called to vote the referendum
about the Institutional form of the
State and to decide, so, if the Italy
had to continue to be a Monarchy
or become a Republic. The 53,4%
of the voter choose the Republican
form, deciding the end of the
monarchy and the esilio of the
Savoia’s family.
In this period you had the first
Italian electoral turn at really
universal suffrage: finally women
vote too.
A woman shows the first page of the
“Corriere della Sera” of the 3° June
1946, next day to the referendum
The Italian Constitution
The Italian Constitution was born on the
1st January 1948.
The Italian Constitution of the Italian
Republic is the most important law of the
Italian State.
it is the summary of different current
thoughts
(Liberal,Democratic,Socialist,ChristianSocial
The founder fathers were:
Alcide De Gasperi;
Pietro Nenni;
Palmiro Togliatti;
Ugo La Malfa.
Enrico De Nicola signed the Constitution
On the 27th december 1947
UPPER HOUSE
PARLIAMENT
The Italian Constitution is based
on some basic values
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the individual freedom (art.13);
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the religious freedom (art.19-20);
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the association and meeting freedom (art.17-18);
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the absolute equality between woman and man (art.3) both in the
work field and the family context.
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the Italian Constitution contains all the values that are the
expression of our history.
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they have to be protected as the cultural heritage of the all whole
Nation
The Italian constitution contains the basic
principles of the constitution map
1)The Democratic principle(art.1) that is based on the popular
sovereignty.
2)The personalistic and solidaristic principle (art.2)
3)The equality principle (art.3):All people have the same equal rights.
4)The Labour principle (art.4) :All citizens have the right to work.
5)The pluralistic principle (art.6) ;All the obstacles which limit the
citizens equality have to be removed.
6)The Internationalist principle (art.10); It confirms the opening of Italy
towards the International Community
61st Republic Anniversary.
Rome, the 2 nd June 2008
On the second of June is the Republic’s holiday, the Italian
National Holiday.
During this National Holiday the President put a laurel crown
on the monument of “Milite Ignoto” near “Altare della Patria”
in Rome. After this, the military parade starts at “Fori
imperiali” with the President and the high officers of State.
In the afternoon the National Holiday is opened to the people
in the garden of the Quirinale’s palace, where the President
lives. Here a lot of militar bands play some songs.
The Republic holiday
is the occasion
to visit
the symbols
of our country.
The coat of Italian Republic
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The coat of Italian Republic
It has got three elements:
One star with five white rays, bordered with red
colour, the cog-wheel of steel, an olive-branch on
the left and another of the oak-tree on the right tie
from red ribbon, with the white written in capital
letter “ REPUBBLICA ITALIANA”
The star is white and it has got five cornered
and it is the symbol of Italy since the
“Risorgimento”. This star represents also the
belonging to our army forces.
The cog-wheel of steel is the symbol of the
working activity and it traslates the first
article of the Constitutional Charter:” Italy is
a democratic Republic based on work”.
The olive-branch symbolizes the peace will
of the nation, both inside and outside.
The oak-tree represents the strength and
the dignity of the Italian population.
The Presidential flag
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The new flag, introduced
at the end of the 1999 by
the President Ciampi,
recall the colours of the
national flag, with special
reference at the flag of
the historic Italian
Republic of the 18021805; the square form
and the light blue border
symbolize the army
forces, with the President
as Chief.
The Italian flag
The Italian flag is composed of three
vertical straight of equal dimensions:
The first (near the pole) is green; the
second (central) is white; the third (the
last) is red.
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Green like our planes and our
hope
White like the snow of the Alps
and the Appenins and the faith
Red like the blood gave to our
compatriots for the union of our
land and our charity.
National acrobatic patrol
The “Frecce Tricolori” are the national
acrobatic patrol (PAN) of the Air Force.
It was born in 1961, because the
Italian Air Force would create a
permanent acrobatic group. They are,
with their ten planes, the biggest
acrobatic group of the world. The
planes during their performances
emitted coloured smokes like the
national flag colours.
Giorgio
Napolitano,
the actual
President
Silvio Berlusconi,
The actual Prime
MInister
The National Hymn
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“Mameli’s Hymn” or “the Italian
Hymn” ( known as Fratelli d’Italia)
is the Italian National Hymn.
The text was written in the autumn
of 1847 by Goffredo Mameli who
sent it on the 10th of November to
his teacher Michele Novaro who
wrote the music.
The Hymn gave its first
performance on the 10th of
December in Genova during the
celebration of the centenary of the
expulsion of the Austrians.
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Goffredo Mameli
is the writer of
the Italian
National Hymn.
Michele Novaro
set the
music of “Il canto
degli italiani”.
INNO D'ITALIA
di Mameli
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Fratelli d'Italia
L'Italia s'è desta,
Dell'elmo di Scipio
S'è cinta la testa.
Dov'è la Vittoria?
Le porga la chioma,
Ché schiava di Roma
Iddio la creò.
Stringiamci a coorte
Siam pronti alla morte
L'Italia chiamò.
Noi siamo da secoli
Calpesti, derisi,
Perché non siam popolo,
Perché siam divisi.
Raccolgaci un'unica
Bandiera, una speme:
Di fonderci insieme
Già l'ora suonò.
Stringiamci a coorte
Siam pronti alla morte
L'Italia chiamò. Uniamoci, amiamoci,
l'Unione, e l'amore
Rivelano ai Popoli
Le vie del Signore;
Giuriamo far libero
Il suolo natìo:
Uniti per Dio
Chi vincer ci può?
Stringiamci a coorte
Siam pronti alla morte
L'Italia chiamò.
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Dall'Alpi a Sicilia
Dovunque è Legnano,
Ogn'uom di Ferruccio
Ha il core, ha la mano,
I bimbi d'Italia
Si chiaman Balilla,
Il suon d'ogni squilla
I Vespri suonò.
Stringiamci a coorte
Siam pronti alla morte
L'Italia chiamò.
Son giunchi che piegano
Le spade vendute:
Già l'Aquila d'Austria
Le penne ha perdute.
Il sangue d'Italia,
Il sangue Polacco,
Bevé, col cosacco,
Ma il cor le bruciò.
Stringiamci a coorte
Siam pronti alla morte
L'Italia chiamò
L’Italia Turrita
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It is a personification of the Italian allegory. It
is portrayed by a crown of towels (here the
word Turrita), typical of civic Italian heraldry,
of common origin.
It’s a woman with a thriving body, with the
typical mediterranean attribute, which are
the rosy complexion and dark hair. Often
she keeps in her hand a bunch of ear of
wheat, (symbol of the fertility and it reminds
to the agricultural economy; during the
fascism, she kept a lictor fasces. On the
Italia Turrita, a star with five cornered flutted,
the symbol, that, accorded to the legend, it
could defend the Nation.
It is called “stellone d’italia”, it was used on
Savoia royal flag and is the dominant
element in the current emblem of our
Republic .
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L’Italia Turrita in philatelic and
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numismatic
representation.
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