Joint Capability Technology Demonstration
(JCTD)
Unmanned Cargo/Logistics Resupply JCTD
Proposal Brief (FY11)
What is the JCTD?
Technical Idea:
• Demonstrate unmanned aerial delivery in operationally relevant conditions,
with onboard intelligent automated navigation and contingency management and
single operator/multi-vehicle control
• Deliver CONOPS/TTP’s and Training plan to Service component in theater
• Demonstrate unmanned interface with more than one platform
Expected outcome:
• Phase One: Ground based single ship operations
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Conduct a Warfighter focus group with US Army and USMC personnel in theater
Demonstrate capability to sling load various loads
Perform dynamic retasking/Autonomously identify optimum load delivery locations
Develop CONOPS/TTP’s and Training Plans and deliver to warfighter end of first phase
Phase 1 successes: 1 technical demo, CONOPS/TTP’s and Training Plan
• Phase Two: Multi-ship operations and unmanned interface development
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Flight testing--Yuma Proving Grounds & Dugway (perhaps White Sands Missile Range)
CONOPS supporting Land-based, Ship to shore, ship to ship operations
Design and test in simulator umanned interface with more than one platform
Develop training packages and conduct operator training on multimodal interface
Phase 2 successes: 1 technical demo, UCLR CONOPS/TTPs
Transition: CONOPS, TTPs, training packages implemented by Services
utilizing unmanned cargo assets--Hardware available for lease for extended use
JCTD Stakeholders
• Technical Manager (TM)
– Aviation Applied Technology Directorate (P)
• Operational Manager (OM)
– USPACOM (C)
• Transition Manager (XM)
– Army PM UAS (C)
• Additional COCOM support:
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TRANSCOM (C)
SOUTHCOM (P)
USJFCOM (P)
CENTCOM (C)
• Joint Partner (C)
– USMC, leveraging Immediate logistics resupply
• Socialization with other organizations:
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ARCIC, Mr. John Kincaid
CASCOM, Ms. Christine Myers
PM Utility, COL Thurgood
Concept Requirements Directorate, Glenn Harrison
AMRDEC, Dr. Snider
OSD, COL Nancy Grandy
ASA(ALT), Mr. Robert Graver
LIA, Mr. Demetrius Glass
DDR&E Mr. Wyatt, Mr Vogt and Dr. Perkins
3
Coalition / Joint / Interagency
Operational Problem
• Ways to deliver time-sensitive supplies to
forward units due to terrain and threat level
• Difficulty transporting heavy loads over
unimproved roads, inhospitable terrain
• Lack of speed, dependence on roads, and IED
susceptibility affect supply convoys
• Limited numbers of utility/cargo helicopters
are conducting logistical resupply missions
and are not able to focus on combat
operational support missions
• Manned aircraft operate in hostile operational
environments
• Insufficient rotary wing resupply capabilities
caused by extreme heat and high altitudes
• Inability to precision delivery and retrograde
This problem is not unique to Afghanistan. All other COCOMs face constrained
roads, choke points, difficult terrain, narrow and unimproved roads, IEDs and
ambush threats. For example, by 2011 Korea will have 5,100 km (3169 mi) of
highway and 18,000 km (11,185 mi) of main roads but the Inchon-Seoul and
Pusan-Seoul axis will remain congested and vulnerable.
4
What is JCTD Going to Do?
HA/DR OV-1
5) Unit sets new delivery point for
supply delivery, K-MAX #2 maps new
site for obstacles and subsequent
retrograde
3) Intel updates to operator identify nofly zone in planned route. Operator
inserts update into COP and K-MAX #1
autonomously routes around.
5
3
4
2
4) Unit with hand held
controller maneuvers KMAX #2 to deliver load
Maritime Domain Awareness
2) Unit uses beacon for
autonomous delivery in
known area
6
7
1) Receive call for aid from
Afghanistan Government
6) K-MAX #2 detects system failure, takes
appropriate action and reports to ILS at
base while en-route to base
7) K-MAX #1 & #2 RTB
for next mission
1
Routes
K-MAX#1
K-MAX#2
Ops Base
SITREP: Earthquake hits several villages in remote valley, need relief supplies, medevac
as survivors found. Coordinated Unmanned team to utilize limited manned assets.
Insurgents wish to disrupt relief operations to discredit US and seize supplies to offer to
villages to build insurgent credibility
Active Insurgents/High IED Threat: Conventional mission at risk – solution – Muli-Vehicle
5
Team Team
HADR-based Scenario
• Limited, high-value, manned assets are executing the dull routine logistical
runs…. some to high hot conditions; some bypassing insurgent IEDs which
would interrupt ground based movements.
• Multi-UAS control and BLOS scenarios enabled by SATCOM.
• C2 from base ops or dismounted unit.
• Operationally demonstrate reduced vulnerability by conducting unmanned
aerial delivery in operationally relevant conditions with an intelligent
unmanned team
• Single ship and multiple ship operations
• Effective transfer of control between base ops and dismounted operators
• Autonomously identify optimum load delivery locations
Integrated Aircraft Configuration
Redundant
INS/GPS
BLoS IRIDIUM
Redundant
Mission
Computer
& INMARSAT
Redundant
FCC
LoS Net-T (TCDL)
Ground Control Station (A)
Flight
Termination
Redundant
EO/IR
LIDAR
Actuators
Delivery
Marker
Sensor
IFF
Transponder
Remote GCS
Demonstration and Assessment
Two Phased Spiral Approach with Technical and Operational Demonstrations Each Year
Year 1 (FY11-FY12)–Focus on Single Intelligent Ship Land-Based Operations/CONOPS TTP’s
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Intelligence moved from the ground to the aircraft
Fine adjustment of delivery location based on ground mapping
Real time mission replanning
3D mapping for automated delivery at location
Simplified delivery mechanism (beacon)
Ability to react to changes in the environment
Improved system malfunction response
Ability to react to changes in mission need
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Culminate in Technical/Operational Demonstration and Assessment at 3Q FY12
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Deliverables: Tech Report (TM), OUA report (IA), CONOPS (OM), Leasing Agreement (OM), CDD (XM),
Reduce workload
Autonomous delivery
Faster response to mission changes
Enhanced safety at delivery site
Faster delivery time
Reduced operator workload
Enhanced operational availability
Increased utility & reduced operator
workload
Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs) and Training Plan
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Force multiplier, reduces demand on current manned aircraft
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Ability to augment current supply chains and deliver time sensitive supplies to forward units
Demonstration and Assessment
Two Phased Spiral Approach with Technical and Operational Demonstrations Each Year
Year 2 (FY12-FY13) – Focus on Multi-Ship Land-Based
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Multi-vehicle coordinated operations
Network communications
Update Common Operating Picture (COP)
from multiple sources
Autonomous load pick-up for equipment retrograde
Enhanced efficiency/response time
Enhanced communications
Enhanced situational awareness
Improve operational readiness
Builds on Year 1 and serves as the Technical Demonstration for the OUA
Culminate in Operational Demonstration and Assessment NLT end of FY13
Develop unmanned interface that can be demonstrated in simulator on more than one platfom
OM work with USN on permissions/construct for Single Ship Nautical Operations (CONOPS ONLY)
Deliverables: Tech Report (TM), OUA report (IA), CONOPS (OM), Leasing Agreement (OM), CDD
(XM), Tactics, Techniques and Procedures (TTPs)
– Year 3 (FY13) –Final OUA
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Operational Utility Assessment in two phases
Land-based phase with Soldier operated system in operational environment employing realistic missionbased scenario and full range of applicable capabilities
Hardware available for lease to use in an extended use scenario
Overall Transition Strategy
FY11 FY12
FY13
Unmanned Logistics Resupply
FY14
FY15
FY16
FY17
FY18
FY19
FY20
Extended
User Eval
Demonstration
Joint Utility
Assessment
Unmanned Cargo UAS Marine Corp Upgrade
TD1
complete
Production / Fielding
CONOP, TTP, DOTMLPF, Improved Capablity
FY21
FY22
FY23
Unmanned Resupply
Transition Includes:
• EUE Support & Training
• Planning, Budgeting,
Development, Production,
Support and Training
• Some Upgrades
New UAV Armor, ballistic
fuel tank
Intelligent UAS Systems
TD2
complete
Transitionable
product following
each phase of
development
(~14 months each)
Production / Fielding
CONOP, TTP, DOTMLPF, POR capability improvments
Unmanned Resupply Capability (pending requirement)
JUA
complete
Production / Fielding
CONOP, TTP, DOTMLPF, Service Contract
Multi - UAS Capability
JUA
complete
Production / Fielding
CONOP, TTP, DOTMLPF, Multi-vehicle control from single GCS
10
Schedule
Task
-
F Y 10
3Q
4Q
F Y 11
1Q
2Q
3Q
F Y 12
4Q 1Q
2Q
3Q
F Y 13
4Q 1Q
2Q
3Q
F Y 14
4Q 1Q
2Q
3Q
4Q
JCTD Selection
Proposal Phase
JCTD Start
Trade Studies, Hardware Purchases
Phase 1-- Single Intelligent K-MAX
- Reviews
- Engineering Integration
- Single Vehicle Test – (NY / Conn)
- TD 1 (NY/Conn)
Phase 2-- Multi-Vehicle Collaborative Resupply
- Reviews
- Engineering Integration
- Multi-Vehicle Unmanned Test (NY / Conn)
- TD-2 (Yuma, AZ)
- Operational Utility Assessment
- Demonstration Preparation
- Capabilities Development Document (CDD)
- OUA Event (Yuma, AZ)
SRR PDR CDR TRR
Transition
Point
PDR CDR TRR
Transition
Point
Operator
Training
- Residual Interim Capability Transition (EUE)
11
Funding
Oversight Executive
COL.Nancy Grandy
Funding Risk:
#DIV/0!
5 March 2010
Yellow $$ cells are formula driven.
Unmanned Logistic/Cargo Resupply JCTD
(Dollars in Thousands) (FY-11 not included in total)
Organization
(Note 1)
Commitment
US ARMY
USMC
USTRANSCOM
USAF
LIA
ONR
Uncommitted
Uncommitted
Commited
Uncommitted
Uncommitted
Uncommitted
RFD
Uncommitted
Service/Agency Committed:
Percent Cash Committed
Funding Risk (Cash):
2
Type of Funding
Funding
Description
3
Program Element
(PE)
Project #
RDT&E/6.3
Cash
RDT&E/6.3
Cash
RDT&E/6.3
Cash
RDT&E/6.3
Cash
RDT&E/6.3
Cash
RDT&E/6.3
Cash
Total Service & Defense Agency (committed)
RDT&E/6.3
Cash
Total Cash
Committed
Funding:
Stated JCTD
Cash
Requirement
Delta to Cash Requirement
$
17,163
34%
#DIV/0!
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
FY-11
FY-12
FY-13
FY-14
$
1,772
$
2,747
$
5,044
$
1,500
$
2,500
$
2,000
$
3,272
$
5,247
$
$
3,272
$
5,247
$
$ 14,020 $ 17,360 $
$ (10,748) $ (12,113) $
Total
$ 1,600
$
$
$
$
11,163
6,000
-
7,044
$ 1,600
$
$
17,163
-
7,044
$ 1,600
$
17,163
18,240
(11,196)
$ 1,600
$
-
$
$
51,220
(34,057)
RFD Percent Total: Cash Only
RFD Percent Cash:
0%
#DIV/0!
DinK Section
Organization
LMSI-O
(Note 1)
Commitment
Committed
Type of Funding
RDT&E/6.3
2
Funding
Description
DinK
3
Program
Element (PE)
Total Cash &
Dink
Committed
Funding:
Stated JCTD
Cash & Dink
Requirement
Delta to Cash & Dink Requirement
Project #
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
$
FY-11
9,000
$
FY-12
9,000
$
FY-13
-
FY-14
$
12,272
$
14,247
$
7,044
$
14,247
$
7,044
$
$
$
$
Total
18,000
-
$ 1,600
$
35,163
$ 1,600
$
$
35,163
12
Summary
• Technical Idea:
– Demonstrate unmanned aerial delivery in operationally relevant conditions
• Demonstration Approach:
– Conduct technical and operational demonstrations via flight testing at YPG and
Dugway
– Focus on Single/ Multi Intelligent Ship Land-Based Operations
• Deliverables:
– Ground based single ship and multi-ship operations
– Demonstrate capability to sling load various loads
– Conduct operator training on multimodal interface
– Conduct transfer of control between operators
– Unmanned interface demonstration in simulator
– CONOPS, TTPs, Training packages
• So What:
– Simpler, more cost effective method for logistics resupply. More automated
system than currently in service
– Rapid response to warfighter requests for supplies
– Precision delivery of time sensitive supplies to the forward point of need
Capabilities Solution
Unmanned Aircraft System consisting of the following:
Intelligent aircraft –Autonomous behaviors
•Deliver up to four separate loads, totaling 6000 lbs (dependant on configuration and environment)
•React to real time changes in missions due to mission need or changes in environment
•Utilizing onboard intelligence and sensors to identify obstacles in drop sites
•Able to adjust to changes in vehicle health
•Priority based load delivery to support user’s needs
Integrated sensor suite
•Adverse weather detection, 3D mapping and load status
•Improved situational awareness
Beyond Line of Sight (BLOS)
•SATCOM radio command and control
•Autonomous behaviors also account for network latency
Multi-UAV team
•Controlled by a single control station with a single operator
•Collaborative team to reduce operator workload
•Operate multiple UAVs in the same battle space
Remote operator controller
•Dismounted units may take control of UAV
•Beacon system to designate drop location
Leased aircraft
•Pay-by-the-lb delivered
•Pay-by-the-hour
14
Risk Management
and Mitigation Approach
Risk Factors
[JCTD]
Level of Impact
Establish MOU between JCTD OM
and User community
Users trained through JCTD development and
available for JUA
Medium
Establish MOU between JCTD OM
and facility managers; maintain
open dialogue on TD/OUA plans
and activities
Facilities available and committed to support
testing
High
 Develop and establish functional
requirements, architectures and
specifications
Integrated system performs according to
defined OD’s desired capabilities and IAW
performance metrics
Medium
 Integrate capability solution
according to open systems
architecture
 Core technologies TRL 5 or better
(Planning S/W TRL 6)
TRL-8 technically and operationally
demonstrated
Medium
 Maintain up-to-date coordination
and open communications with
IMT and stakeholders on funding
information.
Direct Cash and DinK funding committed and
provided according to JCTD funding plan and
time lines
High
 Develop detailed cost breakdown
of an integrated system
Integration costs within budget
Overlapping three phased
approach; fourteen (14) month
integration, test and
demonstration timeline for
each phase
Medium
 Develop and implement
Management and Transition Plan,
IAP, and WBS
Technical testing, demonstrations and activities
completed on schedule
TTP development
Medium
 Establish MOU with user
community to develop TTPs
through out JCTD process
Established TTPs at completion of OUA
Medium
Develop and coordinate MTP
Section IV transition and T/CTA
information with OSD, Service,
CENTCOM, PACOM and CDC
organizations
POR and COCOM program funding from
transition, follow-on development, fielding,
operation and sustainment of products and
deliverables starting FY13 pending successful
OUA report
15
Operational
Facility availability and access
Hardware and software
integration
Technical
Technical maturity of
integrated system software
Cost
Schedule
Policy
Transition
Expected Result
Low
Operational users availability
Funding
Mitigation Strategy
Maintain stakeholder funding
commitment, FY11-13
Cost of integration
 POR, COCOM resources
JUA execution timelines and
alignment with PPBE events
starting in FY12
PACOM Due Diligence
1. Alignment with PACOM Components for direct applicability to Joint Logistics
 UCLR is relevant to the execution of Joint Logistics for US Army Pacific and Marine
Forces Pacific under existing doctrine and to Pacific Fleet under emerging doctrine for
Seabasing and Force Projection from the Sea.
2. Statement of Interest from PACOM Logistics Leadership
 MARFORPAC and USARPAC G4 have personally expressed interest. Operations on
Seabase platforms were implied as were ship-to-ship operations in support of critical
Marine logistics distribution (including underway prepo.
3. Fit to PACOM Theater Campaign Strategy
 While UCLR is envisioned as a US-only capability, it holds the potential to make
PACOM a more capable force in crisis / urgent operations to include Humanitarian
Assistance and Disaster Response.
4. Confirmation of Operational Need in mid-term/long-term
 While not addressed in a PACOM IPL or JUONS, the Operational Problem being
addressed is persistent and indications are that Seabasing will be at the forefront of
PACOM capability in the years ahead.