HEREDITY UNIT 1
Vocabulary and Prefixes
HOMO-
GAMETE
HETERO-
NONDISJUNCTION
GENO-
TETRAD
PHENO-
CODOMINANCE
CROSSING OVER
INCOMPLETE DOMINANCE
ALLELE
SEX-LINKED
Learning Targets
“I CAN. . . “
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Contrast mitosis and meiosis.
Identify the process that creates gametes.
Define “gamete.”
Distinguish between haploid (N) and diploid (2N) cells.
Calculate the haploid (N) number of chromosomes given the diploid (2N) number, and vice
versa.
Explain why gametes are haploid.
Describe the major events of meiosis.
Define a “tetrad.”
Describe homologous chromosomes and identify the chart used to organize homologous
chromosomes.
Create a karyotype from a given set of chromosomes.
State the number of chromosomes in a typical human being.
Name the two sex chromosomes in a human female.
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Name the two sex chromosomes in a human male.
Identify the sex chromosomes on a karyotype to determine the gender of an individual.
Define “nondisjunction.”
Diagnose any nondisjunction errors in a given karyotype.
Define an “allele.”
Describe the behavior of alleles in gametes during the production of a zygote.
Explain Mendel’s Law of Segregation.
Explain Mendel’s Law of Independent Assortment.
Define “crossing over.”
Explain why crossing over is an important step in the creation of gametes.
Observe and practice how Punnett squares are used to predict the possible genotypes of
offspring.
Contrast nature and probability in producing genetic offspring.
Identify both the genotype and phenotype of an individual.
Distinguish between homozygous and heterozygous individuals.
Recognize that genes on separate chromosomes follow the Law of Independent Assortment,
while genes on the same chromosome are “linked” and follow different inheritance patterns
than unlinked genes
Investigate the behavior of linked genes by reproducing baby dragons.
Use popsicle sticks to represent the chromosomes of your dragon parents.
Explain why fruit flies are useful in studying the principle of genetics.
Understand how fruit fly crosses show how linked genes deviate from expected genotypic ratios.
Use a gene map to show where genes are found on specific chromosomes.
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Select random combinations of traits (two at a time) and determine if those genes are on the
same chromosome (linked) or on separate chromosomes (independently assorted).
Create a genetic map of the four chromosomes of fruit flies using class data.
Read a gene map to determine which genes are not likely to experience crossing over.
Define “codominance.”
Complete a Punnett Square for genes that are codominant.
Define “incomplete dominance” and give an example.
Complete a Punnett Square for genes that show incomplete dominance.
Describe how the environment can affect the expression of genes.
Define a “sex-linked gene.”
Complete a Punnett Square for genes that are sex-linked.
Trace a gene in a pedigree chart as it passed down from generation to generation.
Recognize males and females on a pedigree chart.
Identify each individual’s genotype on a pedigree chart.
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