Programming for
Geographical Information Analysis:
Advanced Skills

Graphing
Geographical data
Processing

Code put together for others to use.
Usually in the form of jar files.
May contain native dynamically linked libraries (dll) and others, but more usually just jar files.
Consult notes, as dlls etc. sometimes needed, but more usually these are libraries for other languages.

Download the library.
Make sure it is in your CLASSPATH when compiling and running.
java -classpath ".;c:\libraries\lib.jar" YourClass
[any problems, see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classpath_(Java) ]
Alternatively, you can use a class management system.

GNU Make:
Old UNIX system for installing complex programs on UNIX.
Not pleasant to use.
Apache Maven:
XML based.
Downloads required libraries.
Organises compilation and creation of jar files.
Demands a specific project structure.
Eclipse : File → New → Project → Maven
Apache Ant:
XML version of Make.
More flexible / harder to get a grip on.

Libraries
Geographical data
Processing

Set up a dataset.
JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.create
X Chart(dataset);
X Plot plot = ( X Plot) chart.getPlot();
Adjust form, colour, etc. of plot if necessary.
ChartPanel chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart);
Add chartPanel to Frame or similar

DefaultPieDataset data = new DefaultPieDataset(); data.setValue("Cherry", 30); data.setValue("Steak and Kidney", 25); data.setValue("Stargazy", 45);
JFreeChart chart =
ChartFactory.
createPieChart3D
("Favourite Pies", data, true, true, false);
PiePlot3D plot = (PiePlot3D) chart.getPlot(); plot.setForegroundAlpha(0.5f);
ChartPanel chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart);

InfoVis (Javascript + JSON) http://philogb.github.io/jit/
D3 (DOM styling) http://d3js.org/
Raphael http://raphaeljs.com/

Libraries
Graphing
KML
Free mapping services
GeoTools
Cartograms
Processing

Keyhole Markup Language (KML) http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/kml/ https://developers.google.com/kml/documentation/

KML can be combined with GoogleMaps.
Can be used to overlay information on GoogleEarth.
Test suite: https://kmlsamples.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/interactive/index.html
GoogleMaps can also pull in GeoRSS streams.

OGS specification.
At simplest, a little like the XML we looked at last lecture:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<kml xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/kml/2.2">
<Document>
<Placemark>
<Polygon>
<outerBoundaryIs>
<LinearRing>
<coordinates>
10,10,1
10,20,1
20,20,1
20,10,1
10,10,1
</coordinates>
</LinearRing>
</outerBoundaryIs>
</Polygon>
</Placemark>
</Document>
</kml>

Google WebGL Globe http://www.chromeexperiments.com
/globe
PhiloGL http://www.senchalabs.org/ philogl/

Mapping
Includes simple Swing components for showing maps.
GML/XML conversion
Web service setup
Interaction with databases
Shapefile read and write
Graph and Network tools
Spatial queries

Raster formats and data access: arcsde, arcgrid, geotiff, grassraster, gtopo30, image (JPEG, TIFF, GIF,
PNG), imageio-ext-gdal, imagemoasaic, imagepyramid, JP2K, matlab
Database jdbc support: db2, h2, mysql, oracle, postgis, spatialite, sqlserver
Vector formats and data access: app-schema, arcsde, csv, dxf, edigeo, excel, geojson, org, property, shapefile, wfs
XML Bindings:
Java data structures and bindings provided for the following: xsdcore (xml simple types), fes, filter, gml2, gml3, kml, ows, sld, wcs, wfs, wms, wps, vpf.
Additional Geometry, Filter and Style parser/encoders available for
DOM and SAX applications.

FileDataStore store =
FileDataStoreFinder.getDataStore(file);
SimpleFeatureSource featureSource = store.getFeatureSource();
MapContent map = new MapContent(); map.setTitle("Quickstart");
Style style =
SLD.createSimpleStyle(featureSource.getSchema());
Layer layer = new FeatureLayer(featureSource, style); map.addLayer(layer);
JMapFrame.showMap(map);

http://docs.geotools.org/latest/userguide/library/xml/geometry.html
http://docs.geotools.org/latest/userguide/library/xml/faq.html
See org.geotools.gml in docs
Also parses/produces KML.

WorldMapper (Sheffield Geography): http://www.worldmapper.org/about.
html
Cartogram Geoprocessing Tool (Tom
Gross): http://arcscripts.esri.com/details.asp?
dbid=15638

ScapeToad (Java: Chôros Laboratory) http://scapetoad.choros.ch/
Takes in shapefiles; exports shapefiles or SVG.
You can download the src here: http://sourceforge.net/projects/scapetoad/files/scapetoad/
ScapeToad%201.1/
Nothing to stop you using it in other GNU General Public
License, version 2, code.

Libraries
Graphing
Geographical data

Libraries for visualisation.
Wraps a simple visualisation scripting language inside java classes.
Also javascript /Android / iPhone javascript versions.
Excellent community with a positive attitude to open sourcing good code.

Small put perfectly formed IDE.
Saves as Applications, MPEG, SVG and PDFs.
Bundles everything (data, libraries) into jars.
Constructs executables.

Two important methods: void setup(){ }
Runs once at start.
void draw(){}
Runs each frame until stopped
(60 frames s -1 ; but can be changed).

float xCoor = 0; float yCoor = 100; float speed = 1; void setup() { size(200,200); // Size has to be first thing in setup
} void draw() { background(255); // Wipe the background white xCoor = xCoor + speed; // Change x location if (xCoor > width) { xCoor = 0;
}
// Reset if it runs of the screen.
fill(0); // Paint a rectangle rect(xCoor,yCoor,30,10);
}

In the PDE you can put code in different tabs. However, you can also just put multiple classes in one tab.
Processing will wrap them all inside its own class, as ‘inner classes’.

Extend the Processing wrapper PApplet.
Add in your Processing code.
If you want it to run as an application, add: public static void main(String args[]) {
PApplet.main(new String[] {
"--present", "MyProcessingSketch“
});
}
For multiple classes you need to get a reference to the
Papplet class into your class then call, e.g.
papplet.draw();

There is an Eclipse plugin: http://wiki.processing.org/w/Eclipse_Plug_In
However, you can write just as well without it: http://processing.org/learning/eclipse/
If you run as an applet in Eclipse and want to run as an application, go into File -> Properties and delete the Launch
Configuration or use the arrow on the run button to “Run As”.

Processing creates a project ‘sketchbook’ directory called after the main file for each project. It expects to find all data in a data directory in here. Libraries should also be in a ‘libraries’ directory, though better to just ‘Add File’ them.
Avoid variable names it might already use, like pixels, x, y, and z.
http://forum.processing.org/topic/reserved-keywords-wiki-page
If you separate classes into other files, call them, e.g. “Car” rather than “Car.java” – the latter signals that Processing should treat it as Java, and you’ll need to import the classes etc.

1.5 rather nicely generates a webpage for you with the source code and an applet version embedded in it.
The preferred option now is to generate a javascript version of the code. You can do this by adding the javascript mode to version 2 and changing to it (need to reboot).
Unfortunately this is doesn’t work well with libraries, so you may want 1.5 for web work.
Also an Android option.

Libraries for:
XML / GPS interaction / Network communications
Mapping
Connections with Ruby/Python/Javascript
Video / Sound
Communications with hardware
Webcam and motion recognition
Spinoff projects:
Wiring/ Arduino – chipboards for hardware development

https://www.arduino.cc/
Analogue pins (read/write levels between 0 and 1024)
Digital pins (read/write high/low)
Two way serial communication.

https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/HomePage int inPin = 0; void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
} void loop() {
Serial.println(analogRead(inPin)); delay(10);
}

http://visual.ly/ http://www.visualisingdata.com/
Books:
JFreeChart developer guide.
Processor books (see website)
Visualisation books by Edward Tufte

Libraries II: Scientific libraries
JFreeChart
Processing