Specific Defense
All of the following are characteristics of effective antigens EXCEPT:
A. simple molecules
B. large molecular weight
C. composed of proteins or glycoproteins
D. stable molecules
How does penicillin trigger allergy in some people?
A. The body metabolizes it into other molecules that act as antigens.
B. It becomes attached to a hapten in the blood.
C. It stays in the circulation too long.
D. It is a very large molecule.
Where are autoantigens found?
A. virus-infected cells
B. normal body cells
C. immune cells
D. bacterial cells
All of the following are components of the lymphatic system EXCEPT:
A. stem cells.
B. the spleen.
C. the thymus.
D. the liver.
All of the following are characteristics of lymphatic vessels EXCEPT they:
A. are extremely permeable.
B. are associated with lymph nodes.
C. flow away from the heart.
D. have one-way valves.
Hepatitis C virus disables the immune response against itself by interfering with the production of
A. antibodies.
B. interferon.
C. CD4 cells.
D. tumor necrosis factor.
Plasma cells belong to which of the following groups of cells?
A. cytotoxic T cells
B. B cells
C. macrophages
D. helper T cells
One variable region of an antibody is composed of
A. 1 heavy and 1 light chain.
B. 2 heavy chains.
C. 2 heavy and 2 light chains.
D. 2 light chains.
Prevention of a virus' attachment to its target cell is an antibody function known as
A. agglutination.
B. apoptosis.
C. neutralization.
D. opsonization.
Which of the following classes of antibodies has an unknown function?
A. IgG
B. IgE
C. IgA
D. IgD
Which of the following classes of antibodies is transferred to newborns through the mother's breast
milk?
A. IgA
B. IgD
C. IgG
D. IgM
Which of the following types of cells is depleted during HIV infection?
A. memory B cell
B. helper T cell
C. suppressor T cell
D. cytotoxic T cell
All of the following are examples of cytokines EXCEPT:
A. tumor necrosis factors.
B. interferons.
C. chemokines.
D. perforins.
Lymphocyte editing occurs in which of the following sites?
A. bone marrow
B. thymus
C. spleen
D. Both A and B are correct.
E. A, B and C are correct.
All of the following are true statements concerning MHC EXCEPT:
A. MHC proteins control the recognition of antigens by B cells.
B. MHC allows the body to distinguish between self and nonself.
C. There are two classes of MHC proteins.
D. If an antigen cannot bind to an MHC molecule, it will not trigger an immune response.
Class I MHC molecules are found on which of the following types of cells?
A. B cells
B. helper T cells
C. all nucleated cells
D. Both A and B are correct.
E. Both B and C are correct.
Which of the following is a true statement concerning T-independent antigens?
A. They are large enough to cause cross-linking of B cell receptors.
B. They bind to MHC molecules more tightly than do T-dependent antigens.
C. They are found only on bacterial cells.
D. They are smaller than a T-dependent antigen.
The speed and effectiveness of the secondary immune response is dependent upon which of the
following types of cells?
A. memory cells
B. plasma B cells
C. antigen presenting cells
D. helper T cells
All of the following are associated with cytotoxic T cells EXCEPT:
A. perforins.
B. granzymes.
C. haptens.
D. All of these are associated with cytotoxic T cells.
Antibodies passed to a newborn through its mother's breast milk are an example of
A. artificially acquired active immunity.
B. naturally acquired active immunity.
C. artificially acquired passive immunity.
D. naturally acquired passive immunity.