McCluskey Global Studies: Europe Test Review
Geography:
Examples of 5 themes to explain why Europe gained so much power
Be able to apply a theme to explain history of each of following countries: Italy, Poland, Belgium, Switzerland, Portugal, Greece,
Germany
4 topographic regions, basic characterizations of each
Longest river
Locations of oil
2 regions of Belgium- tension?
Difference between Netherlands and Holland
Parliamentary vs. Congressional system
4 regions of Great Britain
Republic of Ireland vs. Northern Ireland: differences? IRA (which “side”?) Sinn Fein vs. Ulster Unionists
Regions: wealthiest? Most dense? Catholic?
Northern vs. Southern Italy- differences?
2 houses of British Parliament, top office.
East vs. Western Europe- differences?
How was Germany divided? Differences now?
Iron curtain? Be able to name if a country was former communist or not
EU vs. “Eurozone”
Basic causes of current economic crisis, which countries are the “most” in trouble? Which ones are leaders?
NAMES and name of OFFICE of current heads of state in United Kingdom, France, and Germany
Difference between USSR and Russia
Ancient Greece:
Direct democracy
Polis
Macedonia vs. Peloponnesus
Hellenic vs. Hellenistic (dates, differences)
*Be able to match a description/academy/work to the correct Greek philosopher from your handout: Herodotus, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle,
Anthithenes and Diogenes, Aristippus, Pyrrho, Zeno, Epicurus
The Academy
The Lyceum
Major achievement each of Draco, Solon, Cleisthenes, Pericles (height!)
Dates, chronologies: Persian Wars, Pelopponesian Wars, Alexander the Great
Battle of Marathon, Battle of Salamis- which wars?
Athens vs. Sparta: “ideal citizen”? which “league” head of?
Phillip II, Alexander the Great (dates, accomplishments)
Ancient Rome:
Timeline/chronology: know dates, chronology, description of Republic, Empire, Punic Wars (against whom?), 1st Triumvirate (members?), 2nd
Triumvirate (members?), Pax Romana, end of Empire
Patricians vs. Plebeians
12 tablets, Roman Law
Legions
Basic geographical extent of empire
Causes for decline of Roman Empire
Role of Diocletian and Constantine in splitting Rome into East and West, consequences
Odoacer
Recognize names of invading tribes, which invaders were NOT part of this time period
Middle Ages:
Middle of what? Causes? Why “dark”? Basic dates? Location?
Clovis: where? Dates? Role of religion? Dynasty?
Source of wealth and power in Middle Ages under feudalism? High Middle Ages/cities?
Charlemagne: dates, location, dynasty, causes for rise, what happened to his empire?
Feudalism: Lord/Vassal relationship, causes/advantages, weaknesses, reasons for decline
chivalry
Manoralism: why? Advantages? Weaknesses? Demesne? Serfdom?
Fief
Early vs. High Middle Ages: dates? Differences? Population? Urbanization?
Bourgeoisie/burghers/burgesses
Role of guilds and charters in creating order
Viking invasions- dates? Effects? From where?
Hanseatic League
Cities that rose to power in High Middle Ages? Why?
Differences between towns in Northern Europe vs. Northern Italy?
Crusades- basic dates? “Official” cause? “Unofficial” causes? Effect on Venice? Byzantine Empire? Jews?
1066- what? Why big deal?
Difference in centralized power of England, France, Holy Roman Empire, Italy, Spain
1215
Limits on English monarchy
Estates-General- what? Where? How made up? How much power?
Papal States- what? Where? Effect on Italy?
Holy Roman Empire, Otto I, lay investiture controversy
Spain: Reqonquista, Isabella and Ferdinand
What powers did the Catholic church have over monarchs?
Church issues: excommunication and interdicts; lay investiture, taxation
Black Death: what? Dates? Location? Role of Mongols? Role of cities/population? Effects?
100 Years War: dates? Who? Early vs. late? Turning point? Dates of that? Effects on Middle Ages?
Great Schism: what? Dates? Causes? Players?
Babylonian Captivity
Byzantine Empire
Location? Dates?
Justinian- dates? Major accomplishments?
Catholicism vs. Eastern Orthodoxy: differences in language? Leadership? Relationship to emperor? Marriage of clergy? Reasons for conflict?
Icons, Iconoclasts: difference? Controversy?
Hagia Sophia
Major contributions of the Byzantine Empire
Causes of decline of Byzantine Empire
Role of Crusades, ways Flanders and Venice controlled Byzantine empire?
Renaissance
Location(s)? dates? Meaning of word?
Causes of the Renaissance- what did it replace? Why did it begin where it did?
Differences between Italian and Northern Europe Renaissance?
Renaissance Humanism- what? “Father”? relationship to Classical Greece and Rome? Comparison to Middle Age study?
Role of perspective, anatomy, classicism, individualism, and Humanism in Renaissance art
Romanesque vs. Gothic vs. Renaissance architecture
Differences in “ideal person” in Middle Ages vs. Renaissance?
Major artists and philosophers: be able to match each to the correct time period (Renaissance), area (Italy or Northern Europe), and major, obvious
description (artist? Humanist? Architect? “claim to fame”?): Brunaleschi, Donatello, Giotto, Da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Petrarch…Sistene
Chapel ceiling, Mona Lisa, School of Athens, Last Supper, David (more than one!), Duomo in Florence,” earliest Renaissance painter”, Van Eyck,
Vermeer
Medici Family
Tempura vs. oil paints: so what?
Machiavelli, Erasmus, and Sir Thomas More: who? Major works? Basic principles of these works?
Gutenberg
1455- what invented? Significance?
Guaranteed Essay: 20 pts. Identify and explain the times power has shifted from one class of people to another so far in our study of Europe. Be
sure to include specific examples, vocabulary, analysis, and dates if possible from Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, the Early Middle Ages, the High
Middle Ages, the Renaissance, modern issues (geography notes!). Be complete, as always.