Overview of David’s Reign
• Israelite Religion at this Point
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Decentralized – sacrifices are not all performed at the Tabernacle
Ark moved to Jerusalem while tabernacle is left at the high place of Gibeon
Household idols seem to be accepted (1 Samuel 19:13)
Passover is only partially celebrated (2 Chronicles 35:18)
New Moons are celebrated (Numbers 28:11-15, 1 Samuel 20:5)
• David’s Waiting on /Trusting in the LORD
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Not raising a hand against the Lord’s anointed
Not taking revenge on enemies
Hamstringing horses/burning chariots
Bad: Numbering the people
Overview of David’s Reign
• The Holy Spirit
• The Spirit of God leaving Saul leads to his demise
• The Spirit of God being with David leads to his success
• Five Key Stages
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David in the Service of Saul
David as a Fugitive
David over Judah but not Israel
David over all Israel
David’s Troubles (post-Bathsheba)
David in the Service of Saul
• David in the Service of Saul
• Saul has an ‘evil’ spirit from God that torments him
• Suggested remedy is to have a court musician
• David enlisted to play on the lyre for Saul
• Saul may not have been specifically told of David’s identity/background
• The correspondence of “Saul” may have been done by his administration
• Did Saul know David
• David serves Saul as musician/armor-bearer (1 Sam. 16:14-23)
• Yet Saul asks for David’s identity and family after killing Goliath
• Possible explanations:
• Saul may not have been directly involved with hiring David as musician
• Saul may have asked for David’s family information because of the
promised marriage to his daughter
• The accounts are anachronistic (logical order not chronological order)
David in the Service of Saul
• David and Goliath
• Goliath was most likely descended from the Nephalim of Genesis 6
• Genesis 6:4 – Origin of Nephilim
• Numbers 13:33 – Sons of Anak are part of Nephilim
• Joshua 11:22 – Anakim still in Gath
• 1 Samuel 17:4 – Goliath from Gath
• David kills Goliath
• David is likely in his late teens or early twenties
• Armor was “untested” not “too large”
• Kills Goliath with a single stone from his sling
• Cuts off Goliaths head
• Keeps Goliath’s weapons to give to the Lord (1 Samuel 17:54 and 21:9)
• Enters fulltime service of Saul
• Befriends Jonathan, Saul’s son
David in the Service of Saul
• David and Jonathan
• Notes on Jonathan
• He was able to give his throne to David
• His mother probably had a major role in his character (1 Samuel 20:30)
• The Covenant
• “The LORD will be between me and you, and between my descendants
and your descendants forever.” - 1 Samuel 20:42
• Made after David slew Goliath
• Reaffirmed when David flees from Saul
• Model of Friendship
• There was a deep love between them
• They both proved faithful
• Jonathan did not deliver David to his father
• David cared for Jonathan’s descendants after he died
David in the Service of Saul
• Saul’s attempts on David’s life
• Saul is turned against David
• Saul was made jealous by the songs of praise from the people
• Had he heard of David’s anointing?
• 1 Samuel 20:30-31
• 1 Samuel 24:20-21
• 1 Samuel 25:30
• Initial attempts on David’s life
• Death by spearing him to the wall
• Death by marriage – dowry of 100 Philistine foreskins (he brings 200!)
• Effect of Saul’s attack on David
• David’s support for Saul was contrasted with Saul’s hatred
• This built up support for David in both Judah and all Israel
David in the Service of Saul
• Saul’s attempts on David’s life
• Jonathan’s first intercession
• Saul responds by vowing David will not be put to death
• David returns to the service of Saul
• Further attempts on David’s life
• David once again successful in battle provokes jealousy in Saul
• Saul once again attempts to spear him to the wall
• Saul tries to capture him but his wife (Saul’s daughter) helps him escape
• David flees to Samuel
• Saul sends messenger to capture David but they end up prophesying
• Saul goes and ends up prophesying
• David escapes to Jonathan who intercedes again
• Saul does not repent this time (even throws spear at Jonathan)
• Jonathan informs David in tearful farewell
David the Fugitive
David the Fugitive
• David in the Wilderness
• David defends Keilah from Philistines
• Jonathan meets and encourages him
• David betrayed by people of Ziph
• Saul comes to capture David
• Philistine attack causes Saul to call
off pursuit at last moment
• David flees to Engedi
• Saul pursues again
• David cuts off a corner of Saul’s
robe while he is in a cave
• Saul is temporarily repentent
• Samuel Dies
David the Fugitive
• David and Nabal/Abigail
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Nabal offends David
David seeks to avenge himself
David corrected by Abigail
David marries Abigail
• Also marries Ahinoam of Jezreel
• Michal was given to another man
• David spares Saul a second time
• People of Zith betray him again
• David sneeks into Saul’s camp and
takes Saul’s spear and water jug
• Philistine attack causes Saul to call
off pursuit at last moment
• David flees to the Philistines
David the Fugitive
• David with the Philistines
• Pretends to be faithful servant of
Achish, Philistine king of Gath
• Given city of Ziklag
• Raids Caananite or Amalekite villages
but claims to raid Judean villages
• Invited to fight in battle with Saul
• Though he agrees, the other Philistine
commanders refuse, not trusting him
• Defense of Ziklag
• Ziklag attacked by Amalekites while
David and his men are gone
• David and his men pursue them and
recapture everything and everyone
• Equal plunder to the baggage guards
David the Fugitive
• Saul death at Mount Gilboa
• Philistines gather and Saul trembles
• God gave no answer when he inquired
of the Lord
• Saul consults a medium
• Both Saul and Jonathan are killed in
the battle
• David’s Response to Saul’s Death
• Man reporting deaths to David claims
to have killed Saul himself
• David kills the man
• David rewards the men who
recaptured the bodies of Saul and his
sons from the philistines
• David DOESN’T kill the house of Saul
David the Fugitive