yantox_ska@yahoo.com
Session 2

Data types in C yantox_ska@yahoo.com
 Primitive data types
 int, float, double, char
 Aggregate data types
 Arrays come under this category
 Arrays can contain collection of int or float or char or double data
 User defined data types
 Structures and enum fall under this category.
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How to Declare yantox_ska@yahoo.com
 Simple Data Type
 int  integer  bil. bulat
 float  floating point  bil. pecahan
 char  character  hanya 1 digit
 char[pj]  string  lebih dari 1 digit
 How to declare
 int jml_anak;
 float nilai_mhs,rata2;
 char sex,status;
 char nm_mhs[20],almt[35];
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Variables yantox_ska@yahoo.com
 Variables are data that will keep on changing
 Declaration
<<Data type>> <<variable name>>; int a;
 Definition
<<varname>>=<<value>>; a=10;
 Usage
<<varname>> a=a+1; //increments the value of a by 1
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Variable names- Rules yantox_ska@yahoo.com
 Should not be a reserved word like int etc..
 Should start with a letter or an underscore(_)
 Can contain letters, numbers or underscore.
 No other special characters are allowed including space
 Variable names are case sensitive
 A and a are different.
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Variables yantox_ska@yahoo.com
 Variable Name for a memory object. Variable names must start with letters and contain letters, digits, and underscores.
• a, b, i, j, counter, number_of_points, c1234, …
 Type What the variable represents. Could be of integer, floating point number, character, string, and many others.
• int, float, double, char, …
 Declaration Tells compiler about variables and their type.
• int i,j;
• float sum;
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What’s string in turbo C yantox_ska@yahoo.com
 It’s NOT a string anymore.
 It is seemed as a series of characters, which is a character array.
 The number of the character array is just the same as the number of letters of the word or sentence plus one.
 The one more element is “\0” which is printed as “\n” by gets and printed as “”(NULL) by other words.
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Numeric Types int float char integer floating point charater (a very shot integer) short or short int short integer long or long int long integer double long floating point long double very long floating point
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Reading Inputs yantox_ska@yahoo.com
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include<conio.h>
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void main()
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{ float bil1,bil2,hasil; //deklarasi variabel
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clrscr(); //membersihkan layar printf("Please input the first number : "); scanf("%f",&bil1); printf("Please input the second number: "); scanf("%f",&bil2);
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hasil = bil1 * bil2; //proses printf(“bil1 * bil2 = %f\n“,hasil); //cetak hasil kali
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getch(); //berhenti sebentar sampai ditekan tombol
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} printf(“Hasil Kali dari %f dengan %f adalah %f “,bil1,bil2,hasil);
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Assignment yantox_ska@yahoo.com
1.
/* Arithmetic operators */
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include<conio.h>
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void main()
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{
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int a,c; int b=4;
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a=3; c=a+b;
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printf(“Sum: %d + %d -> %d\n”,a,b,c);
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a++;b--;
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prinf(“Now a=%d and b=%d\n”,a,b);
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}
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Task 2 yantox_ska@yahoo.com
 Write a program to calculate the average of three floating point numbers.
• Using scanf function
Buat program untuk meng-input-kan tiga buah bilangan pecahan sembarang kemudian hitung dan cetak rata-rata dari tiga bilangan tersebut.
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