Muscles of the Hip
- Mr. Brewer
Hip Movements Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlCvKEOZtp
o
- Intro Video that explains some muscles of the
hip and the actions they create.
- Start at ~4:30.
Actions
- Hip Flexion – (5)
-
Rectus Femoris
Psoas (Major and Minor combined)
Iliacus
Pectineus
Sartorious
- Hip Extension – (4)
-
Gluteus Maximus
Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosous
Semimembranosous
- Hip Adduction – (4)
-
Adductor Magnus
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Gracilis
- Hip Abduction – (2)
-
Gluteus Medius
Tensor Fascia Latae (TFL)
- Inward Rotation – (1)
-
Gluteus Minimus
- Outward Rotation –
-
Six Outward Rotators
(1 group of 6 muscles)
Hip Flexion
Which of these pictures represents hip flexion that involves
all 4 quadricep muscles?
Why?
Hip Flexion
- Rectus Femoris – The
only muscle in the
quadriceps group that
crosses the hip joint.
- Attaches proximally to
the AIIS of the pelvis.
Hip Flexion
Iliopsoas:
- The Iliopsoas is a common
term used for the Psoas and
Iliacus muscles in
combination.
- They have different
originations, but join together
and insert distally at the
lesser trochanter of the femur.
* Psoas
- Broken down into the Psoas
Major and Psoas Minor
muscles.
- Attach proximally to the
LUMBAR vertebrae. (Origin)
• Iliacus –
- Covers the inside of the
Ilium and attaches along the
Iliac Crest.
Hip Flexion
- Pectineus – The
pectineus muscle is
primarily
responsible for
flexion of the femur
at the hip.
- Because of it’s
location, the
pectineus also
assists in hip
adduction.
Hip Extension
Both are considered to be
“Hip Extension” exercises,
but which of the following
hip extension exercises
involves the hamstrings
more?
Why?
Hip Extension
Hamstrings:
Biceps Femoris:
- Lateral hamstring muscle
Semitendinosus and
Semimembranosus:
- The Medial hamstring
muscles
* All 3 of the Hamstring
muscles attach proximally to
the ISCHIAL TUBEROSITY.
Hip Extension
- Gluteus Maximus
- Primary function is Hip
Extension.
- With Knee bent, Hip
Flexion relies on the
Glute Max more- so
than with the leg fully
extended at the knee.
- Distal insertion includes
joining to the IT Band.
Hip ABduction
Hip ABduction
- Hip Abduction uses the muscles on the lateral
aspect of the thigh and hip to move the femur
from the midline of the body, laterally to the
outside.
- http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthyliving/fitness/multimedia/standing-hipabduction/vid-20084670#
Hip ABduction
• Gluteus Medius –
• The gluteus medius muscle
is a small muscle that lies
directly underneath the
Gluteus Maximus.
• The location on the lateral
hip gives the Gluteus
Medius a larger role in hip
Abduction than the Gluteus
Maximus which primarily is
responsible for Hip
Extension.
Hip ABduction
Tensor Fasciae Latae:
- The “TFL” for short.
- The distal end of the
TFL becomes the
iliotibial band (IT
Band)
- Shares the IT Band
with the Gluteus
Maximus.
Hip ADDuction
Hip ADDuction – bringing the
femur back to the mid-line of
the body.
- Primarily uses adductor
muscles that some people
refer to as the “groin”
muscles, located on the
inside(medial) portion of
the thigh.
- Which exercise shown to
the right involves the
Gracilis more? Why?
Hip ADDuction
• Gracilis:
– The Gracilis is the longest of
the adductor muscles.
– The only adductor muscle to
also cross the knee joint for
additional stability.
– Same reason as to why the
Gracilis is more active with Hip
Adduction that takes place
while the knee is at or below 0
degrees. (Full Extension or
Hyperextension)
Hip ADDuction
• Adductor Longus and Adductor
Brevis:
– *Both the Longus and Brevis
muscles attach proximally to
the pubis bone.
– The longus is a little longer, and
also forms the medial border of
the femoral triangle.
• Adductor Magnus:
– The largest and deepest of the
adductor muscles.
– Very large muscle that covers
most of the medial aspect of
the thigh.
– Forms what is called the
“adductor hiatus”
Adductor Hiatus
Femoral Triangle
The Femoral Triangle is a space that is formed by the borders of the different muscles
and a ligament. This “Triangle” is space for nerves and blood vessels to travel.
- Gracilis– Medially
- Sartorius – Laterally
- Inguinal Ligament – Superiorly
Medial(Internal) or
Lateral(External) Rotation?
1
2
Medial Rotation
3
Lateral Rotation
Medial Rotation
Inward Rotation and Outward Roation
• A.K.A. Medial and
External rotation of
the femur.
• https://www.youtube
.com/watch?v=vItv4L
2ktYI – Knee in Full
Extension
• https://www.youtube
.com/watch?v=bZAFe
mNhiVk – Bent Knee
(Sitting and Supine)
Medial (Inward) Rotation
• Gluteus Minimus:
– The smallest of the
gluteal muscles.
– Connects from the
Ilium along the gluteal
line and wraps around
to connect to the
greater trochanter of
the femur.
– Active use of this
muscles will cause the
femur to rotate
medially.
External (Outward) Rotation
Gluteus Medius and Minimus
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0CEeHPpY
MfM – Video shows layer by layer view of
gluteal muscles of the hip.
- Also illustrates movements that they are
involved in creating at the hip.
- ** The Gluteus MINIMUS is responsible
mainly for medial rotation.**