Totalitarianism
Ch. 14.2 & Ch. 15.3
Stalin Becomes Dictator
A New Leader
• Trotsky and Stalin
compete to replace Lenin
when he dies
Joseph Stalin—cold, hard
Communist Party general
secretary in 1922
- Stalin gains power from
1922 to 1927
• Lenin dies in 1924
• Stalin gains complete
control in 1928; Trotsky
forced into exile
Stalin was a Totalitarian
List examples of each
State control
of individuals
Methods of
Enforcement
Ideology
Totalitarianism
Modern
Technology
Dynamic Leader
Dictatorship of
One-Party Rule
State Control
of Society
Benito Mussolini – Fascist ruler
of Italy
New Political Movement
Fascism is new, militant political
movement
• Emphasizes nationalism and
loyalty to authoritarian leader
Mussolini Takes Control
Italians want a leader who will
take action
• Fascist Party leader, Benito
Mussolini, promises to rescue
Italy
• October 1922, Mussolini takes
power legally
• Italian king puts Mussolini in
charge of government
Il Duce’s Leadership
• Mussolini takes firm control of
politics and economy in Italy
Adolf Hitler – Fascist ruler of
Germany
A New Power
• Adolf Hitler—obscure political figure
in 1920s Germany
The Rise of the Nazis
• Nazism—German brand of fascism
• Hitler becomes Nazi leader, plots to
seize national power
• Mein Kampf—Hitler‘s book detailing
beliefs, goals
• Germans turn to Hitler when economy
collapses
The Führer Is Supreme
• Hitler takes control over every aspect
of German life
Hitler’s New Power
• Hitler is named chancellor
• Turns Germany into totalitarian state
• Uses brutal tactics to eliminate
enemies
• Nazis take command of economy
Hitler Makes War on the Jews
• Nazis deprive Jews of rights, promote
violence against them
Mussolini & Hitler were a
Totalitarian
List examples of each
Cultural
Chief Examples
Social
Characteristics
of
Fascism
Economic
Basic Principles
Political