Name: ______________________________ Date: ______________ Period: ________
Microorganism Notes
Microorganism _____________________________________________________________________
1.
Bacteria: are microscopic ___________________ (a _______________ organism that does not
have a ___________________ or other membrane-bound organelles.
o
Is a _________________ - _________________ organism.
o
Archaea – another well-known ___________________. Similar to _____________; no
membrane organelles.
o
Information:

___________________ are much smaller than plant or animal cells.

Pili: ______________________________________________

Cilia: _____________________________________________

Flagella: ___________________________________________

Common shapes of bacteria:
Round/Sphere
o
Rod-Shaped
Spiral-Shaped
Bacteria reproduce ___________________ by fission.

Fission: is __________ division that forms two genetically
____________________ cells.

Are ________________ to the parent cell.

Conjugation: happens when ____________ bacteria of the same species attach to each
other and _______________ their genetic material. New organism are
___________ produced during this time – not considered
_______________________.
o
___________ bacteria __________ __________ need oxygen to survive.

Anaerobic:____________________________________

Aerobic: _____________________________________
o
Bacteria obtain food in many different ways:
-
2.
o
1. Some take in _____________ and break it down and obtain ____________.
o
2. Some _______________ on dead organisms.
o
3. Some take in nutrients from __________________ hosts.
o
4. Some _____________ their own _____________.
Examples of good bacteria:

1. __________________________________________

2. __________________________________________

3. __________________________________________
Viruses: a _________________ of DNA or RNA surrounded by a layer of protein that can
________________ and ____________________ in a host cell. (Example: _________)

Does not have a cell wall, a _________________, or any other ________________
present in cells.


___________________ are not considered to be ________________.
o
Cannot take in nutrients or use energy.
o
Cannot replicate by themselves.
The living cell that a virus infects is called a ________________ cell.
o
1. _____________ viruses go through an inactive stage.
o
2. When ________________, a virus takes _____________ of the host cell and
_________________.

Mutations: ____________ viruses to adjust to __________ in their host cell.
o
These changes happen so ____________ that it is difficult to cure or ___________
viral diseases before they mutate ________________.

Antibody: a ______________ that can attach to a pathogen and make it
________________.

Vaccine: a ________________ containing material from one or more
__________________ pathogens.
3. Protists:
o
o
________________ organism: membrane-bound _________________.
o
Decomposers / Can be harmful / Parasites / Example: ________________.
1. Plantlike Protists
o
Example: ____________________ - plantlike protists that produce food through
_____________________ using light energy and carbon dioxide.
Diatoms
Dinoflagellates
Euglenoids
Characteristics:
Characteristics:
Characteristics:
Picture:
Picture:
Picture:
o
2. Animal-like Protists
o
______________________ - are protists that resemble tiny animals.
o
______________________ - a one celled organism (lives in wet environments)
Ciliates
Pseudopods
Flagellates
Characteristics:
Characteristics:
Characteristics:
Picture:
Picture:
Picture:
o
3. Funguslike Protists
o
____________ ________________ dead plant and animal matter, making the
nutrients from these dead organisms available for living organisms.
o
Example: Irish Potato Famine in 1845 (water mold)
4. Fungi:
o
Eukaryotes: _______________________________________________________
o
Heterotrophs: ____________ make their own food.
o
Grouped together based on how they ______________ and how they ______________.
Club Fungi
Sac Fungi
Characteristics:
Characteristics:
Picture:
Picture:
Example:
Example:
Zygote Fungi
Imperfect Fungi
Characteristics:
Characteristics:
Picture:
Picture:
Example:
Example: