Study Guide for Exam 2
What is photosynthesis? Energy cannot be created or destroyed; therefore, living things must capture energy from other
sources. Plants capture sunlight and convert it to chemical energy. This energy is stored in glucose and ATP and is
essential for the continuation of life on Earth. It donates O2
Photosynthesis converts CO2 and H2O to Glucose
6CO2+6H2O + light  C6H12O6 + 6O2
Understand the meaning of light dependent and light independent reactions.
Understand which chemicals are used in which reactions. H2O consumed, O2 released, in lite dep, CO2 consumed
What products of light dependent reactions are used in light independent reactions? CO2, ATP, NADPH
What are the structures in plants that capture light?  Thylkaloids in chloroplasts
What is the molecule that responds to sunlight? Thylkaloids
How does photosynthesis benefit animals?  O2
What is the structure on a leaf that allows CO2 to enter? Stromata
What are the molecules necessary for photosynthesis? CO2 H2O
How does chlorophyll work? Pigment to capture light
What is the primary function of the light-dependent reaction? Create glucose
What is the role of water in photosynthesis? Used to form glucose
What does ATP do? Provides energy
What are the reactants in glucose metabolism? Glucose and oxygen
What are the products of glucose metabolism? CO2 and water
Which reactions occur in the cytoplasm and which in the mitochondria? Glycolysis, cellular respiration
What are the end products of glycolysis? Pyruvate 2ATP
What are the waste products of cellular respiration? Water 32-34 ATP
Know the life cycles of plant and animal cells.
Know what happens in each phase of mitosis.
Know what a chromosome and a gene are made of
What phase of the cell cycle are most cells in?
Know the terms heterozygous, homozygous, dominant and trait
Know how to read a punnett square
Different versions of the same gene are called…
What is the name of the location of a gene
What is a mutation?
Be able to figure out if parents are homo or heterozygous for a trait by the ratio of traits in their offspring
Know the structure of DNA … well!
Know the difference between DNA, gene and chromosome
Know the terms transcription and translation and where they occur in the cell
What are genes and what are they made of?
What is RNA? Of what is it composed?
What is ribosomal RNA?
What is the number of consecutive mRNA bases needed to specify an amino acid?
What is the name of the molecule that delivers amino acids to a ribosome?