Name ___________________________ Block _____ Teacher ____________________
Active Chem. Chapter 1
Fun with the Periodic Table
CHEM TALK (7)
ACTIVITY 7
Connection between an atomic structure of an element and its location in the
Periodic Table
Periodic Table Data
Atomic Structure Data
Atomic Number
Period Number
Group Number
Fill out the chart
Element
Tin
El
Sn
Number of
Energy
Levels
Number
of
Protons
Number
of
Electrons
Number
of
Valence
Electrons
Will lose or
gain
electrons/
how many
Ion
Symbol
Lose / 4
Sn+4
Francium
Selenium
Iodine
Boron
Radon
Strontium
The number of an electron energy level is significant, because the higher the number, the
greater the average distance between the nucleus and the electron. The electrons in the
energy levels with the highest number are on average the farthest from the nucleus.
Because differences in electrons located in the outermost level distinguish an atom
from its nearest noble gas, these are the electrons responsible for the atom’s
chemical behavior. These electrons are often called valence electrons.
Valence electrons are those electrons found in the outermost energy in level s and
p sublevels. The maximum number of valence electrons that you can have is 8 for
the representative, A-Group elements (2 in the s and 6 in p sublevel). For example,
sodium contains one valence electron since its outermost level is 3 and sublevel is s. It
does not have any electrons in the p sublevel. Bromine would have seven valence
electrons, since its outermost energy level is 4 and it contains 2 electrons in s sublevel
and 5 electrons in p sublevel.
Based on your activity answer the following questions:
a) How many valence electrons are in an atom of helium, neon, argon, krypton,
xenon, and radon? ____
This family is known as___________________________________
b) How many valence electrons are in an atom of lithium, sodium, potassium,
rubidium, and cesium? ____
This family of elements is known as ___________________________________
c) How many valence electrons are in an atom of beryllium, magnesium,
strontium, calcium, barium? ____
This family of elements is known as ___________________________________
d) How many valence electrons are in an atom of boron, aluminum? ____
e) How many valence electrons are in an atom of carbon, silicon? ____
f) How many valence electrons are in atom nitrogen, phosphorous? ____
g) How many valence electrons are in an atom of oxygen, sulfur? ____
h) How many valence electrons are in an atom fluorine, chlorine, bromine,
Iodine, astatine? ____
This family of elements is known as __________________________________
i) What are the elements in B-groups known as?
___________________________________
j) What is the special feature of these elements? How are they different from the
A-group elements?