Tumeric Extracts Containing Curcuminoids Prevent Experimental Rheumatoid Arthritis
J Nat Prod. 2006 (March): Funk et al ,69 (3): 351 – 355
Department of Medicine, Pharmacology, Phytomedicine & Cell Biology University of Arizona,
Tucson, USA.
In Vivo Anti Arthritic Efficacy Intraperitoneal Curcuminoid Treatment on Lewis Mice.
Purified curcuminoids (4 mg curcuminoids/kg/d) or vehicle alone ip injections were begun 4 days
prior to SCW (Streptococcal Cell Wall Induced Arthritis) administration (n=11 animals/group) and
continued on a daily basis until 10 days after SCW injection at which time treatment frequency
decreased to 5 days/week. * p < 0.02.
(Accelerated Study on Curcumin with inducement of arthritis and injection of compound)
Item
Lewis Mice n = 11
1
Control
2
Placebo
% Inhibition of
Acute Phase
Inflammation
-75%
% Inhibition of
Chronic Phase
Inflammation
-68%
0 % Inhibition
0
Drug Induced Suppression of Phosphorylase Kinase Activity Correlate with Resolution of Psoriasis
as assessed by Clinical Histological and Immunohistochemical Parametres.
British Journal of Dermatology 2000: M.C.Y Heng et al 143: 937 – 949.
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine UCLA San Fernando Valley Program.VA Greater
Los Angeles Healthcare System, CA 91343 USA.
Phosphorylase Kinase is known to integrate multiple calcium/ calmodulin dependent signalling
pathways that involved in cell migration and cell proliferation.
This study shows elevated Phk activity correlated with psoriatic activities and evaluates the
significance of drug induce suppression of PhK activity on psoriasis activity.
Item
Patients n = 10
1
Active Untreated Psoriasis are patients not
responding to steroids & calcipotriol
2
% Improvement
% Improvement
0%
0%
Treatment with Curcumin Gel 1% for patients not
responding to steroids, calcipotriol &
methrotraxate
90% after 2 – 6
weeks
n=5
50% - 85% after
3 – 8 weeks
n=5
3
Treatment with Calcipotriol for patients not
responding to steroids & tars
4
Patients with normal skin condition
70% - 80% after
4 – 6 months
n=3
0%
50% – 65%
6 – 18 months
n=7
0%
A. Clinical Improvement Results for 2 groups of 10 active Psoriatic patients, treated with Curcumin
(C) or calcipotriol (Cp).
100
C2(N=5)
C1(N)=5
90
Cp1(N=3)
80
% Improvement
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
71 72 73
Number of weeks from start of Tx
C1 = Curcumin treated, 1st group response.
C2 = Curcumin treated, 2nd group response.
Expression of Transferrin Receptors and Parakeratosis in Untreated and Treated Psoriasis
100
90
80
% TRR+ Keratinocytes/
Parakeratosis
B.
Cp1 = calcipotriol treated, 1st group response.
Cp2 = calcipotriol treated, 2nd group response.
70
Expression of TRR+
Receptors
60
50
98
Parakeratosis
40
30
60
20
10
20
7
3
2
3
0.5
0
Active Untreated Calcipotriol Treated Curcumin Treated
Normal Skin
Phosphorylase Kinase Activity in Untreated and treated Psoriatic Epidermis
Phosphorylase Kinase Activity in Units/mg
Protein
2000
1500
1000
1204
500
551
207
105
0
Active
Untreated
Calcipotriol
Treated
Curcumin
Treated
Normal Skin
Density of Epidermal T-Cells per hpf (high power field) in Untreated and Treated Psoriasis
Number of Epidermal CD8+ Cells per hpf
60
50
40
30
20
38.2
10
8.7
0.6
0
0
Active Untreated
Calcipotriol
Treated
Curcumin Treated
Normal Skin
JPEN J Parenteral Enteral Nutr: 2008 Jul-Aug; 32(4):389-402. Epub 2008 Jun 9.
Efficacy of parenteral nutrition supplemented with glutamine dipeptide to decrease hospital
infections in critically ill surgical patients.
Estívariz CF, Griffith DP, Luo M, Szeszycki EE, Bazargan N, Dave N, Daignault NM, Bergman GF, McNally T,
Battey CH, Furr CE, Hao L, Ramsay JG, Accardi CR, Cotsonis GA, Jones DP, Galloway JR, Ziegler TR.
Glutamine, the most abundant amino acid in the body, is thought to become conditionally essential
in critical illness. Glutamine act as a carrier for inter-organ N (nitrogen), a preferred fuel for
enterocytes and cells of the immune system and a precursor for glutathione.
Mechanisms by which glutamine could improve recovery include attenuating oxidant damage and
inflammatory cytokine production, reducing gut bacterial translocation and improving N (nitrogen)
balance.
Study was to determine whether glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition differentially affects
nosocomial, blood stream and pneumonia infection rates in selected subgroups of SICU patients.
Items
1
1.0g + 0.5g/kg/d Glutamine enriched
Parenteral Nutrition given
Nosocomial Infection n = 13
1.5g/kg/d Standard Parenteral
Nutrition given
Nosocomial Infection n = 36
%
Improvement
-63%
2
Blood Stream Infection n = 0
Blood stream Infection n = 7
-100%
3
Pneumonias Infection n = 6
Pneumonias Infection n = 16
-62.5%
40
1.5g/kg/d Std PN
Number of Patients with Infections
35
1.0g+0.5g/kg/d Glutamine
enriched PN
30
25
20
Improvement
63%
36
15
5
Improvement
62.5%
Improvement
100%
10
16
13
7
0
6
0
Nosocomial Infections
Blood Stream Infections
American Journal of Therapeutics 14, 442-446 (2007)
Pneumonias Infection
Oregon Holly Grapes/Mahonia Aquifolium, rich in Psorberines, for the Treatment of Adult Patients
With Atopic Dermatitis
Howard Donsky, MD and Don Clarke, MD, American Journal of Therapeutics 14, 442 – 446 (2007)
Study was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of Oregon Holly Grape rich in psorberine
extract cream in patients with Atopic Dermatitis for 12 weeks on 42 patients.
Efficacy and safety was assessed using Eczema Area and Severity Index scores and a subject
Reported Evaluation Treatment.
Oregon Holly Grapes rich in psorberine inhibits the release of proinflammatory cytokines
interleukin – 8, tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin – 2 that help reduce inflammation.
The EASI scores decreased by 75%, 91% and 97% after 4, 8, 12 weeks of treatment with 30
respondents completing the study.
Questions
Much Worse
Worse
Same
Better
Much Better
Effectiveness
0 ( 0%)
0 (0%)
2 ( 6.7%)
9 ( 63.3%)
19 (63.3%)
Better & Much
Better
28 (93.3%)
Itching
0 ( 0%)
0 (0%)
5 (16.7%)
11 ( 36.7%)
14 ( 46.7%)
25 (83.4%)
Rash
Appearance
State of Mind
0 ( 0%)
1 (3.3%)
1 (3.3%)
10 ( 33.3%)
18 ( 60%)
28 (93.3%)
0 (0%)
1 (3.3%)
12 ( 40%)
7 (23.3%)
10 ( 33.3%)
17 (23.3%)
Social
Activities
Work
Activities
Sleep
0 (0%)
1 (3.3%)
22 (73.3%)
3 (10%)
4 ( 13.3%)
7 ( 23.3%)
0 (0%)
1 (3.3%)
20 ( 66.7%)
5 ( 16.7%)
4 (13.3%)
9 (30%)
0 (0%)
1 (3.3%)
16 (53.3%)
7 ( 23.3%)
6 ( 20%)
13 (43.7%)
The response of Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) scores of patients treated with Oregon
Holly Grapes/Mahonia Aquifolium, rich in Psoberines, for 12 weeks.
2.5
EASI Scores
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Weeks
The lower the EASI score indicates better patient response to medication.
Patient responses to the subject reported evaluation of treatment form completed after 12 weeks
of treatment with Oregon Holly Grapes/Mahonia Aquifolium, rich in Psoberines.
100
% 0f Patient responses
90
80
70
60
50
Worse
40
Same
30
Better
20
Better & Much Better
10
0
Effectiveness
Itching
Appearance of
rash
Evaluation parameter due to Treatment
Sleep
Treatment of Mild to Moderate Psoriasis with Oregon Holly Grapes/Mahonia Aquifolium, rich in
psoberines – A double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Steven Bernstein, Howard Donsky, American Journal of Therapeutics 13, 121 – 126 (2006)
Study was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of Oregon Holly Grape rich in psorberine
extract cream in patients with Mild to Moderate Psoriasis for 12 weeks in a randomized, double
blind, placebo controlled clinical study involving 200 patients.
Both control and placebo apply cream twice daily but placebo is without psorberine.
Oregon Holly Grapes rich in psorberine inhibits the release of proinflammatory cytokines
interleukin – 8, tumour necrosis factor α and interleukin – 2 that help reduce inflammation.
Efficacy and safety was assessed using Psoriasis Area and Severity Index Scores (PASI) and Quality of
Life Index (QLI).
The PASI scores was evaluated base on Erythema (redness), Infiltration (thickness) and
Desquamation (scaling). Control has 97 and placebo has 74 patients completing the study.
Item
Description
Control
Placebo
% Improvement
1
PASI Score
-3.58
-2.22
+ 61%
2
QLI Score
+ 25.5
+ 15.1
+68%
PASI (Psoriasis Area & Severity Index) scores intent to treat population.
0
Average
-0.5
Change in PASI Scores
-1
-1.5
Active
-2
Placebo
-2.5
-3
-3.5
-4
Reduction in average PASI scores after 12 weeks Tx .
QLI (Quality of Life Index) scores intent to treat population.
Ƿ=0.0095
30
Change in QLI Scores
25
20
Active
15
Placebo
10
5
0
Average
Effect of BETA 1, 3/1, 6 GLUCAN on upper respiratory tract infection symptoms in marathon
athletes.
Shawn Talbott ©Journal of Sports Science and Medicine (2009) 8, 509-515
A placebo-controlled, double-blind study designed to evaluate the effect of Beta Glucans derived
from yeast on upper-respiratory tract symptoms (URTI). Seventy-five marathon runners (35 men, 40
women) will self administer placebo, 250 mg or 500 mg of BETA 1,3/1,6 GLUCAN daily during 4
weeks post-marathon trial period.
Heavy exercise is a physical stressor that results in measurable immune challenges with reductions
in key immune system components such as neutrophils, natural killer cells, T cells and B cells.
Beta Glucan have positive effects on leukocyte activity, which has been suggested to contribute to
the increased resistance against infections.
Item
Duration
Placebo number of
patients with URTI
1
After 2 weeks
2
After 4 weeks
17
Beta Glucan 250mg &
number of patients
with URTI
8
Beta Glucan 500mg &
number of patients
with URTI
7
6
2
2
18
16
Number of Patients
14
12
10
Placebo with URTI
8
Beta Glucan 250mg with URTI
6
Beta Glucan 500mg with URTI
4
2
0
2 weeks
4 weeks
Weeks after Treatment
Superoxide dismutase (SOD), along with Catalase and Glutathione Peroxidase constitutes part of
the body’s front line in antioxidant defences. These antioxidants help to maintain the physiological
oxidant antioxidant balance to reduce oxidative stress.
However, this balance can be disturbed by different factors, including aging, smoking, pollution,
exposure to sunlight, infection and the subsequent immune response putting the body under
oxidative stress.
Oxidative stress can significantly contribute to the process of inflammation, which underpins
autoimmune condition like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation, metabolic syndrome and diabetes
and neurodegenerative diseases.
Superoxide Dismutase was studied in a trial utilizing induced oxidative stress in a randomized,
double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 20 men.
Muth et al.assigned the volunteers (average age 31) to receive a daily dose of 1000 International
Units (IU) of Superoxide Dismutase bind with wheat gliadin polymer (for better bioavailability) or
placebo for 14 days prior to being exposed to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) – pure oxygen at a pressure
of 2.5 atmospheres – for 60 minutes.
DNA damage that results in exposure to HBO was measured using the comet assay, and found to
have significantly increased in the placebo group, while no significant changes were observed for the
Superoxide Dismutase supplemented group.
Measuring DNA Damage from exposure
to Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO)
3
Placebo
Tail Moment
2.5
2
1.5
1
Placebo
With SOD
Before HBO
Before HBO
With SOD
0.5
0
After HBO
After HBO
The Protective role of Glutathione against oxidative DNA Damage Induced in Rat Kidney by
Potassium Bromate (KBro3).
Kimie Sai, et. al. Japan, Journal Cancer Research, 83, 45 – 51, January 1992.
National Institute of Hygienic Science, 1 – 18 -1 Kamiyoga, Tokyo.
The role of Glutathione in preventing Oxidative DNA damage in rat kidney after administration by
potassium Bromate (KBro3) in male Fischer 344 rats. Potassium Bromate (KBro3) is a food additive
known to induce rat renal cell tumour.
Saline were use in Control, Glutathione (GSH) and Potassium Bromate (KBro3) to be intravenously
administered in n =5 rats for each group.
Rats’ Kidney were being analysed after 48 hours for the levels of Lipid Peroxidation in each group.
Lipid peroxidation refers to the oxidative degradation of lipids. It is the process in which free
radicals "steal" electrons from the lipids in cell membranes, resulting in cell damage.
Glutathione demonstrated to protect against KBro3 induced oxidative DNA damage with no increase
in Lipid Peroxidation Level.
100
90
Protective Role of Glutathione against Oxidative
DNA Damage
Lipid Peroxidation Level
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Control
Glutathione
KBro3