Ch.1 Oceanography Study Guide
Name: _____________________________________________________________ Block: ____________ Date: __________________________________
1. Nature of Science
o Steps of Scientific Method
o ________________________________________: collecting data
o ________________________________________: accepting or rejecting hypothesis
o ________________________________________: educated prediction
o ________________________________________: identifies independent or dependent variable
 Variable that changes between tests: ________________________________________
 Variable affected by the changes: ________________________________________
o Choose the best graph for each scenario (choose bar, line, pie)
 Representing the different sports played by students at Butler: ___________________
 Representing the change in California sea otter populations over a 20 year time
span: ___________________
 Comparing the number of students enrolled in oceanography and anatomy in fall
and spring semesters: ___________________
o Interpret the following graph and answer the questions:



o
On Day 7, the plants kept in the sun for 3 hours were how tall?
_________
On Day 10, the plants kept in the sun for 9 hours were how tall?
________
Based on the graph, the plant grows best in what amount of sunlight?
__________
Imagine that you are a marine biologist and you notice that a certain type of crab tends to be considerably
larger in a local bay than the same type of crab that is in the waters outside the bay. What hypotheses
might account for this difference? How would you go about testing these hypotheses?
_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
2. Careers in marine biology
o Plate tectonics, seafloor: ________________________________________
o pH and salinity: ________________________________________
o Waves, tides, currents: ________________________________________
o Life in the ocean: ________________________________________
o Design, maintain marine equipment: ________________________________________
o Preserve marine environments: ________________________________________
3. Important historical figures Identify the major contribution each of these figures made to our
understanding of the oceans
Erikson:
Columbus:
Darwin:
Vespucci:
Cook:
Nansen:
Magellan:
Aristotle:
Posidonius:
Ptolemy:
Balboa:
Maury:
4. Modern Marine Science
o _________________________________: 3 year research voyage; named thousands of new species
o _________________________________: first permanent living marine lab
o SONAR stands for: ______________________________________________________________________
o SCUBA stands for: ______________________________________________________________________
o Deep-sea sub that dove 35,000 ft. to bottom of Marianas trench: ________________________________
o HOV: stands for: _____________________________example: __________explored:________________
o ROV: stands for: _____________________________example: __________explored:________________
o How does an AUV differ from an ROV or HOV?
o
What type of work does the Exploration Vehicle (E/V) Nautilus do?
o
Tools … describe the functions of the following marine technical tools
o Plankton net: ___________________________________________________________________
o Depth recorder: _________________________________________________________________
o Current meter: __________________________________________________________________
o Nansen bottle: __________________________________________________________________
o Satellite: _______________________________________________________________________
o
Nearly all of the major advances in marine biology have come in the last 200 years. What do you
think are the reasons for this?