Chapter 9
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Pyelonephritis: Inflammation of both RENAL PELVIS and KIDNEY...bacterial infection has spread up from the bladder
 Stress Incontinence: Inability to control urine with physical stress-- like running, sneezing, laughing or coughing
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Renal cortex: Outer layer of kidney
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Nocturia: Excessive urination during the night (noc)
 Urethrostenosis: Abnormal narrowing of a tube that carries urine out the body
 Interstitial cystitis: Chronic inflammation of the walls of the bladder
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Vestigovaginal fistula: Abnormal opening between vagina and bladder (urine leaks into vagina)
 Dysuria: Painful urination
 Nephropyosis: Pus in the kidney
 ureterectasis: Enlargement of ureter
 ureteroplasty: Surgical repair of the tube from the kidney to the bladder
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Nephrolysis: Freeing a kidney from adhesions
 Anuria: Suppression (absence of) of urine formation by the kidneys
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Nephrolith: Stones in the kidney
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Nephrolithotomy: Remove kidney stone by surgical incision
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Cystoscopy: visual examination of the bladder
 Enuresis: Involuntary discharge of urine
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Anuria: Absence of urine formatio n by the kidneys
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Cystocele: Hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall
 nephropathy: any disease of the kidney
 Ureterolith: stone in the ureter
 Pyeloplasty: Surgical repair of the renal pelvis
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Trigonitis: Inflammation in the bladder in the region of the trigone
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Renal Failure: Inability of kidneys (1 or both) to perform
 Polycystic kidney disease: Inherited disease, kineys enlarged with multiple cysts
 Hydronephrosis: Enlargement of renal pelvis of 1 or both kidneys
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Ureterostenosis: narrowing of a ureter
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Urinary sphincter: located at the ends of the urethra, controls flow of urine
 Hemodialysis: removal of waste products directly from the blood

Chapter 14
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Conization: Removal of a cone shaped specimen from the cervix. Also called cone biopsy
 Fimbriae: catch the ovum when it leaves the ovary
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Prostate gland: thick fluid that aids motility of sperm

Eclampsia: complication of pregnancy with convulsions and sometimes coma
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Colposcopy: direct visual exam of tissues of cervix and vagina
 Cervical dysplagia: Abnormal cells in the cervix, detected by pap smear
 Priapism: erection 4 or more hours, not accompanied by sexual excitement
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Colostrum: fluid from the breasts secreted first days postpartum
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Cryptorchidism: developmental defect, 1 testicle fails to descend in the scrotum
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Salpingitis: inflammation of a fallopian tube
 Dysmenorrhea: difficult or painful monthly flow
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Perimetrium: tough outer membrane of the uterus
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Mastopexy: fix up sagging breasts in a more elevated position
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Fibrocystic breast disease: single or multiple cysts (usually benign) in the breasts
 Oophorectomy: surgical removal of an ovary
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Torsion of testes: Pain caused by twisting of vas deferens and blood vessels leading into the testes
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Multiparous: given birth 2 or more times
 Dysmorrhea: painful periods
 Amenorrhea: absence of menstrual periods
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Colporrhexis: tearing of vaginal wall...a laceration, not bleeding from the vagina
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Oligomenorrhea: light/infrequent menstruation...not absent
 Fallopian tubes = uterine tubes
 Lochia: vag discharge in the first week or 2 after childbirth
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Vasectomy: male sterilization
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Hysteroscopy: examination of the INTERIOR of the of the uterus
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Fundus: bulging rounded part of the uterus above the fallopian tubes
 Menarche: beginning of normal menstual function
 Vaginitis: inflammation of vaginal lining
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Foreskin = prepuce
 anovulation = absence of ovulation
 Chorion: THIN outer membrane that protects the embryo...the amnion is the inner tough inner sac

Anorchism: absence of 1 or moth testicles


Episiorraphy is suturing the incision (episiotomy) that was used to enlarge the vaginal oriface during childbirth
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Varicocele: knot of varicose veins in the testes
 Azoospermia: absence of sperm
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Hypomenorrhea: small amount menstrual flow
Chapter 15
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Assessment: Evaluating a patient
 Pulse rate: reflects the how many times the heart beats per minute
 Albuminuria: albumin in urine
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Radiopharmaceutical: given before nuclear scan

Pericardiocentesis: drawing fluid from pericardial sac
 Nuclear Medicine: used for diagnostic and treatment purposes
 sphygmomanometer: to measure BP
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Otoscope: used to examine tympanic membrane
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Auscultation: listen through stethascope
 Specific Gravity: measures wastes,minerals and solids in urine
 Hypothermia: low body temp
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Rale: abnormal rattle/crackle during inspiration
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Paradoxical drug reaction: opposite of normall expected result from medical treatment

Erythrocyte sed rate elevated: inflammation
 Parenteral: medication by injection
 SQ: medication fiven into fatty layer below skin
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Placebo: no medication...
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Bolus: single ingection of medication, given over short period of time
 Phlebotomy: puncture of vein
 Opthaloscope: examine interior of the eye
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Blood urea nitrogen test; monitor kidney function

C-reactive protien test: inflammation
 Prone: face down
 Crossmatch; compatibility of blood

Perfusion: blood flow through an organ...not just radionuclide

REVIEW: diuresis, enuresis, nocturia, urinary incontinence, urinary retention
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REVIEW: multiparous, nulligravida, nullipara, primigravida, primapara