Name ________________________________________
Genetics Unit Review
Below are the vocabulary terms you should be familiar with for this unit test
1. Genetics
16. Heterozygous
2. Allele
17. Hybrid
3. Purebred
18. Homozygous
4. Law of Segregation
19. Test Cross
5. Law of dominance
20. Incomplete dominance
6. Genotype
21. Codominance
7. Phenotype
22. Sex linked traits
8. Dominant trait
23. Carrier
9. Recessive trait
24. Polygenic traits
10. Punnett Square
25. Multiple alleles
11. Parent generation
26. Autosomes
12. F1 generation
27. Sex chromosomes
13. F2 generation
28. Karyotype
14. Probability
29. Pedigree
15. Genes
30. Trisomy
There are 4 patterns of inheritance you need to know:
Complete dominance
If red is dominant to white, then a pure red crossed with a pure white will phenotypically be _________.
When a fruit fly which is pure for normal wings is crossed with a fruit fly pure for no wings, all the hybrid F1
generation has normal wings. Therefore, which trait is dominant? _______________________
Incomplete dominance
If a red is crossed with a white, the hybrid will phenotypically be ________________.
When someone with brown eyes and someone with green eyes mate, sometimes their offspring will have
__________ colored eyes.
Codominance
If a red is crossed with a white, the hybrid will be both ________ & ________ phenotypically
Sally is blood type O. She has a child with a Bill who is AB. What blood type could their child be? ___ or ____
Sex linkage
Males only have 1 X chromosome and a small Y chromosome. Females have two X chromosomes. The
gene for colorblindness is located only on the X chromosome. The Y is too small to have the gene for
colorblindness.
Mrs. Caligiuri’s husband is colorblind. He cannot see red nor green and thinks they are brown. He was given
this trait from his mother who is a carrier for the trait on one of her X sex chromosomes (but she has normal
vision). What was the probability of her giving the colorblind gene to him? ____ %
What is the likelihood that his daughters will be carriers also? ____%
Punnett Square time!!!!
1. In humans, webbed toes are a dominant trait. Cross a hybrid, webbed toed person with one who has
normal toes.
Give the Phenotype and genotype probabilities
____ = Webbed toes
Phenotype probability _____% Webbed ______% normal
____ = normal toes
Genotype probability ___% WW, ___%Ww, ___% ww
Parent cross: ____ x ____
2. For the same trait, cross two hybrids Give the Phenotype and genotype probabilities
____ = Webbed toes
Phenotype probability _____% Webbed ______% normal
____ = normal toes
Genotype probability ___% WW, ___%Ww, ___% ww
Parent cross: ____ x ____
3. When someone pure for curly hair mates with someone with straight hair, wavy hair results. This is an
example of incomplete dominance.
___ = Curly hair allele
____ Curly hair genotype (use two alleles please)
___ = Straight hair allele
____ Straight hair genotype
____ Wavy hair genotype
Parent cross: _____ x _____
Phenotype probability ___% Curly, ___% Wavy, ___% Straight
Genotype probability ___ % cc, ___% cs, ___% ss
4. For the same trait, cross two of their wavy haired children
Parent cross: _____ x _____
Phenotype probability ___% Curly, ___% Wavy, ___% Straight
Genotype probability ___ % cc, ___% cs, ___% ss
5. Human blood typing involves 3 alleles (multiple alleles). They are the A, B and o allele. Remember the
formula A = B >o.
___ = A allele
___ = B allele
___ = o allele
Blood Phenotype Possible Blood Genotype
A
AA or Ao
B
BB or Bo
AB
AB
O
oo
Beth has B type blood. Her father was AB and her mother was O. Beth’s husband has AB blood. What
blood types are possible in their children?
Parent Cross: ______ x _____
Possible Blood types?
___ A ___B ___AB ___O
Karyotypes. Look at the following karyotypes . Determine which are male and which that of a female.
Then also circle if you see any chromosomal abnormalities.
Pedigrees follow a trait from generation to generation. Below is a pedigree of albinism.
1
Circles are females, squares and
males and if colored in, they have
the trait (albinos)
N = Normal
n = Albino
2
3
4
Give the genotype for each of the following individuals on the pedigree
1 _____
2_____
3_____
4_____
5_____
5