Name ___________________________________________
Biology 2015 Final Exam Review Guide
Key Terms
Artificial selection
Evolution
Recessive
Codominance
Phenotype
Crossing over
Cytokinesis
Cancer
Niche
Mutualism
Homologous structures
Adaptation
Homozygous
Incomplete dominance
Meiosis
Somatic cell
Centromere
Population
Habitat
Commensalism
Analogous structures
Vestigial structures
Heterozygous
Gamete
Haploid
Cell cycle
Chromatids
Community
Producers
Fossil fuels
Fitness
Dominant
Allele
Genotype
Diploid
Karyotype
Spindle fibers
Ecosystem
Consumers
GMO’s
Key Ideas
1. Know the phases of meiosis and what happens in each phase.
2. What are some advantages and disadvantages to sexual reproduction vs asexual reproduction?
3. Who is Gregor Mendel? What type of experiments did he perform?
4. Make sure you can solve genetic crosses using punnett squares.
5. Make sure you understand what a sex-linked trait is and how it is passed from one generation to
the next.
6. How do phenotype and genotype differ?
7. What is a karyotype? How can you tell if a person has a disorder? How can you tell if they are
male or female?
8. Can you read a pedigree? How do males differ from females on one? How do people with the
desired trait differ from those without it?
9. What are some pieces of evidence that support the idea of evolution?
10. What are the characteristics of populations?
11. How do populations change?
12. What are some factors that affect population?
13. What is an ecosystem?
14. What kinds of materials cycle within ecosystems? How?
15. What are some factors that affect population size?
16. What are the components of a community? How do they differ from the components of a
population?
17. How do communities change over time?
18. How does energy move through communities?
19. What are ways in which organisms may interact with one another in an ecosystem? (Hint: one is
predation)
20. What is a niche?
21. What are the major Biomes of the world?
22. How are these distributed?
23. How are each defined?
24. What special adaptations do plants and animals have in order to live in each biome?
25. Why are species becoming extinct at such an alarming rate?
26. Why is the human population such a key factor in the destruction of the environment?