Demand Side Management:
Concept, Need and scenario in
West Bengal
Saroj Sarkar
Engineer (Retd.)
WBSEDCL
1
WHAT IS DEMAND SIDE MANAGEMENT?
•
“Demand Side Management” is the modification of
consumer’s demand of electricity through various
methods such as financial incentives and consumer
education
•
Usually the goal of DSM is to encourage the
consumers to use less energy during peak hours or
to move the time of energy use to the off-peak
hours viz. night
2
UNDERSTANDING DEMAND AND SUPPLY
Q) Who Demands electricity?
A) The consumer
Q) Who will manage demand for electricity by the
consumers?
A) The Service provider with equal participation
from the Consumer.
3
Need for DSM
• Saving 1 unit of electricity at consumer end
avoids nearly 2.5 times of capacity addition
• 1 MW capacity addition of thermal power
requires Rs 6 crores for installation and
another Rs 3 crores for Transmission and
Distribution
4
Need for DSM
…..(contd.)
• Increasing energy requirement
• Increasing threat of climate change and other
environmental considerations
• Energy security
• Lack of other supply options
• Huge scope for energy efficiency measures
5
Peak Demand at 7.30 p.m.
Since – Full Lighting load, and
other Commercial and
Domestic loads
Demand is huge between
5:30 p.m. and 9:30 p.m.
Demand is minimum between
12 a.m. and 6 a.m.
Usual Load Curve of an Utility for a 24 Hour period
6
Observations
• The peak demand of 4,300 MW is there for
only 5-6 hours in the evening
• The base demand is 3,000 MW, which is much
less than the peak demand of 4,300 MW
• To meet the extra demand utility has to
arrange additional installed capacity or
purchase power at high rate
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Observations …..(contd.)
• Thus utility will always try to encourage
consumers to:
– Use less energy during Peak hours (Peak
Clipping)
– Shift energy use to off peak hours (Valley Filling)
8
Therefore consumers too have
a very important role to play
for achieving the objectives of
DSM
Consum
er
Utility
DSM
9
HOW TO DO DSM?
• To charge higher prices during Peak Hours
• Improving the efficiency of various end uses by using energy
efficient appliances, better house keeping and reducing
energy leakages. This is important for agriculture where
energy efficiency is very low (30-50%)
• Promoting use of Energy Efficient Technologies and
addressing Aggregate Technical and Commercial (AT&C)
Losses
10
Benefits of Demand Side Management
Customer Benefits
Satisfy electricity
•
demands
Utility Benefits
Lower cost of service
Societal Benefits
Reduce environmental
degradation
Reduce / stabilize
costs or electricity bill
Improve operating
efficiency,
Flexibility
Conserve resources
Maintain/improve
lifestyle and
productivity
Improve customer
service
Protect global
environment
11
Present Scenario in West Bengal
Major utility Service
Provider
WBSEDCL
CESC
Type of Consumer
Domestic
Commercial
Agriculture
Industrial
Others
Peak Load
4,600 MW
1,700 MW
Percentage of Electricity usage under
WBSEDCL (2011)
30.3%
14.07%
10.25%
35.93%
9.36%
12
Actions undertaken by WBSEDCL in West Bengal
• TOD meters for Industrial and Agricultural consumers
• 173 sodium vapour lamps replaced by LED
• Energy Audit undertaken in Government buildings and
corrective measures are being undertaken
• Waste Heat Recovery in some industries undertaken
• Bachat Lamp Yojna
13
THANK YOU
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