High Performance Buildings
Congressional Caucus Coalition
April 11, 2012
Washington, DC
Bruce D. Hunn
ASHRAE
ENERGY EFFICIENCY GUIDE
for EXISTING COMMERCIAL
BUILDINGS
Two-part series in collaboration with BOMA and
GSA:
• The Business Case for Building
Owners and Managers
• Technical Implementation
Developed by
ASHRAE, AIA, IESNA, USGBC, DOE
The Business Case for Building
Owners and Managers
Authors:
Landsberg
Lord
Carlson
Goldner
Business Case: Purpose
• To equip decision makers to act to
improve
Building energy efficiency
Operational performance
• Provides rationale for making economic
decisions regarding energy efficiency in
existing commercial buildings
• For owners, managers, operators,
tenants, investors, and lenders
Business Case: Purpose
Energy efficiency opportunities are
underrealized in existing buildings,
especially in investment property sector
(86% of U.S. building construction
expenditures in renovation of existing stock)
Bottom line:
“Energy efficient, green buildings aren’t
just good for the environment, they are good
for business”
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1) Introduction
2) Measuring Energy Efficiency and
Setting Goals
3) Improving Energy Performance
4) Making the Business Case
5) Developing an Effective O&M
Program
MEASURING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
AND SETTING GOALS
• Energy Utilization
Index (EUI in
kBtu/ft2-yr)
• Benchmarks:
 Self referencing
 Portfolio referencing
 Peer buildings
through ENERGY
STAR Portfolio
Manager and/or
CBECS
Copyright ASHRAE. EEG ECB The Business Case
IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
• Energy efficiency plan
• Integrated approach: whole-building as
set of integrated systems and drivers
(envelope, lighting, HVAC, climate,
occupants)
Operational adjustments
Use free energy (OA, daylighting)
Recover waste energy
Increase equipment efficiency
Change occupant behavior, purchasing
IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
Analyze energy end use:
Audits and Commissioning
Copyright ASHRAE. EEG ECB The Business Case
OPPORTUNITIES BY END USE
LIGHTING
Lamps, ballasts, fixtures, controls
Copyright ASHRAE. EEG ECB The Business Case
OPPORTUNITIES BY END USE
BUILDING ENVELOPE
• Insulation
• Shading
ENERGY DISTRIBUTION
• Ventilation
• Energy recovery
HEATING/COOLING, WATER HEATING
• Equipment efficiency
• Part-load operation
• Controls
Copyright ASHRAE. EEG ECB The Business Case
MAKING THE BUSINESS CASE
• Barriers to energy efficiency
Capital constraints
Collateral issues
Holding period bias
Split incentives
• Solutions
Energy performance contracting
Green leases
Government/institutional incentives
MAKING THE BUSINESS CASE
• Evaluating risks
Market
Regulatory
Environmental
Copyright ASHRAE. EEG ECB The Business Case
MAKING THE BUSINESS CASE
• Financial Analysis
Simple payback period
Net Present Value (NPV)
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Life-cycle costing (LCC)
Calculating cash flows and savings of an
EEM
DEVELOPING O&M PROGRAM
• Elevate energy management
importance
• Require systems manual
• Efficient operations in O&M
• Invest in training
• Performance monitoring and
reporting
Copyright ASHRAE. EEG ECB The Business Case
Technical Implementation
Authors: Landsberg, Carlson, Goldner,
MacDonald, Slosberg
Technical Implementation: Purpose
• To demonstrate ways to:
Measure energy efficiency
Track energy efficiency
Develop energy efficiency plan
Implement the efficiency plan
• Intended for building engineers and
managers; assumes working technical
knowledge of building systems
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1) Introduction
2) General Considerations
3) Measuring Energy Performance and
Setting Goals
4) Understanding Energy Use and EndUse/System Efficiency
5) Selecting Energy Efficiency Measures
6) Refining Financial Analysis and Setting
Priorities
7) Putting the Process Together