2023-04-30T22:59:18+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>face; skin areas that rub against each other </p>, <p>stratum corneum </p>, <p>hydrophilic; transcellular/intracellular </p>, <p>lipophilic; paracellular/intercellular </p>, <p>Paracellular pathway</p>, <p>zero</p>, <p>passive systems</p>, <p>transdermal patches, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions </p>, <p>active systems</p>, <p>phoresis, microneedles</p>, <p>lipid; first step</p>, <p>initial</p>, <p>linear</p>, <p>&lt;500 DA; &lt;140 A</p>, <p>sonophoresis</p>, <p>cavitation</p>, <p>iontophoresis </p>, <p>photolithography </p>, <p>microemulsion; nanoemulsion</p>, <p>200 NM</p> flashcards
Transdermal Drug Delivery

Transdermal Drug Delivery

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  • face; skin areas that rub against each other

    Skin penetration of drug is greater on ______ & ________.

  • stratum corneum

    ________ is the major rate-limiting barrier to transdermal drug transport.

  • hydrophilic; transcellular/intracellular

    ______ drugs cross the cell barrier through the hydrated keratin in the cells through ______ route.

  • lipophilic; paracellular/intercellular

    _______ drugs favor transport between cells in interstitial matrix through ______ route.

  • Paracellular pathway

    ______________ diffusion is the most common route for transdermal drug delivery.

  • zero

    Percutaneous absorption utilizes __________ order of diffusion.

  • passive systems

    -have been developed to improve bioavailability and increase the range of drugs for which transdermal delivery is a viable option

  • transdermal patches, nanoparticles, nanoemulsions

    What are examples of Passive systems? (3)

  • active systems

    -delivery system designed to deliver a wider variety of drug substances including biopharmaceuticals.

  • phoresis, microneedles

    What are examples of active system? (2)

  • lipid; first step

    The ________ component of the stratum corneum is considered an important determinant in the _______ of absorption.

  • initial

    The _______ portion of the curve represents non-steady state diffusion.

  • linear

    The ________ portion of the curve represents steady state diffusion.

  • <500 DA; <140 A

    What is the MW & PSA?

  • sonophoresis

    • is the application of low-frequency ultrasound acoustic waves to facilitate transdermal delivery

    •is effective, because it facilitates drug movement by creating an aqueous path in the perturbed skin bilayer through cavitation

  • cavitation

    -the formation, oscillation and, in some cases, collapse of bubbles in an ultrasonic pressure field

  • iontophoresis

    -promotes the movement of ions or ionized compounds under the influence of a small externally applied potential difference which enhances skin penetration

  • photolithography

    •the method of fabricating microneedles and has the advantage of being able to manufacture needles of various shapes using various materials.

  • microemulsion; nanoemulsion

    _________ is thermodynamically stable while a ________ is not

  • 200 NM

    What is the optimal size for Nanoparticles?