SADMIN EXAM

any behavior undertaken by an individual who believes him/herself to be healthy, for the purpose of preventing disease or detecting disease in an asymptomatic stage.

-developed by social psychologists in 1950's

-sought to understand why some ppl received tb screenings and others did not

-conducted a study to identify the combination of psychological, social, and physical (observations) that determined whether or not someone wanted to be screened.

What was the outcome of the study/ 3 factors that determined participation screening?

behavior is a function of the degree to which individuals value an outcome and their assessment of the probability or expectation that a particular action will achieve that outcome

What are the key constructs of the HBM?

subjective belief that a person may acquire a disease or enter a harmful state as a result of a particular behavior

belief in the extent of harm that can result from the acquired disease or harmful state as a result of a particular behavior

belief in the advantages of the methods suggested for reducing the risk or seriousness of the disease or harmful state resulting from a particular behavior " pros outweigh cons"

precipitating force that makes a person feel the need to take action

confidence in one's ability to acquire the new behavior

How do we use the HBM?

seek to explain/ understand behavior by looking at the steps along the way

What is the advantage of using stage models?

-categorizing system used to define stages of a behavior

-stages are in an order that explains progression toward the behavior

-people in the same stage will experience similar barriers to behavior change

-people in different stages will experience different barriers

-interventions are more effective if they are tailored to the stage

What are the two types of Stage Models?

uses stages of change to integrate the processes and principles of behavior change across major theories of intervention

How many stages of change are in TTM?

How many processes of change are in TTM?

no intention to take action within the next 6 months

intends to take action within the next 6 months

intends to take action within the next 30 days and has taken some behavioral steps in this direction

changed behavior for less than 6 months

changed behavior for more than 6 months

No temptation to relapse and 100% confidence they can maintain

-developed to describe and explain the process by which people adopt precautions against a new risk

-asserts that the stages represent qualitatively different patterns of behaviors, beliefs, and experiences.

-factors that produce transition between stages vary

How many stages in PAPM?

increase awareness about causes, consequences, and cure for a problem behavior

increasing positive or negative emotions to motivate taking appropriate actions

cognitive and affective assessment of how the presence or absence of behavior affects one's social environment

cognitive and effective reassessment of one's self-image with or without unhealthy behavior

belief that one can change and the commitment/recommitment to act on that belief

increase in healthy social opportunities or alternatives

caring, trust, openness, and acceptance as well as support from others for healthy behavior change

learning healthier behaviors that can substitute for problem behaviors

removing cues for unhealthy habits and adding prompts for healthier alternatives

rewarding oneself or being rewarded by others for making progress

individual's weighing of the pros and cons of changing

situation specific confidence that once can cope with high-risk situations (temptations) without relapsing to one's former behavior

-the converse of self-efficacy

-the intensity of urges to engage in an unhealthy behavior when in difficult situations

proposes that behavior is more strongly mediated by cognitive processes that occur through observation of social modeling

a central construct of social cognitive theory

Constructs of social cognitive theory