Hosam Mohamed-
b
Conduction of air in and out of lungs to replace gases in alveoli.
a) external respiration
b) pulmonary ventilation
c) internal respiration
d) cellular respiration
e) respiratory gas transport
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a
Gas exchange between blood and air at the alveoli.
a) external respiration
b) pulmonary ventilation
c) internal respiration
d) cellular respiration
e) respiratory gas transport
-
c
Gas exchange at systemic capillaries.
a) external respiration
b) pulmonary ventilation
c) internal respiration
d) cellular respiration
e) respiratory gas transport
-
e
Blood transporting gases between lungs and cells.
a) external respiration
b) pulmonary ventilation
c) internal respiration
d) cellular respiration
e) respiratory gas transport
-
lungs, alveoli
Which organs of the respiratory system are considered part of the Lower system? (2)
-
increase in volume
Increase in chamber size =
-
b
Increase in volume.
a) increase in pressure + positive
b) decrease in pressure + negative
c) increase in pressure + negative
d) decrease in pressure + positive
-
surfactant
-decreases surface tension at air-epithelial interface allowing for easier
breathing.
-
b
Cuboidal cells.
a) type I pneumocytes
b) type II pneumocytes
-
a
Simple squamous epithelium.
a) type I pneumocytes
b) type II pneumocytes
-
b
Secrete surfactant.
a) type I pneumocytes
b) type II pneumocytes
-
equalization of air pressure; alternate routes for air around collapsed alveoli
Pores of Kohn allow for ___________ & ___________.
-
vagus
What is the main nerve involved in the respiratory system?
-
number of gas molecules
Total pressure exerted by a gas is related to _________.
-
f; all exert their own
Each gas exerts the same partial pressure. T/F?
-
b
Outer layer covering internal surface of thoracic wall.
a) visceral pleura
b) parietal pleura
c) pleural cavity
-
a
Covers the external lung surface.
a) visceral pleura
b) parietal pleura
c) pleural cavity
-
c
Filled with fluid to reduce friction.
a) visceral pleura
b) parietal pleura
c) pleural cavity
-
Pneumothorax
-severe SOB because of loss of the alveoli as an efficient gas exchange surface
-
direct change in flow; bronchoconstriction/dilation
Increase/decrease in tube radius =
-
inverse change in flow; cross-sectional area
Increase/decrease in tube length =
-
c
The pressure within the fluid of the pleural cavity.
a) intrapulmonic pressure
b) transpulmonary pressure
c) intrapleural pressure
-
a
The pressure within the lungs (alveoli).
a) intrapulmonic pressure
b) transpulmonary pressure
c) intrapleural pressure
-
between breaths
When is the pressure in the lungs equal to atmospheric pressure?
-
b
Small pressure that prevents small airways & alveoli from collapsing on
themselves.
a) intrapulmonic pressure
b) transpulmonary pressure
c) intrapleural pressure
-
c
Volume that can be inspired beyond a restful inspiration.
a) tidal volume
b) residual volume
c) inspiratory reserve volume
d) expiratory reserve volume
-
a
Volume of a single breath, usually at rest.
a) tidal volume
b) residual volume
c) inspiratory reserve volume
d) expiratory reserve volume
-
d
Volume which can be expired beyond a restful expiration.
a) tidal volume
b) residual volume
c) inspiratory reserve volume
d) expiratory reserve volume
-
b
The volume that keeps alveoli inflated.
a) tidal volume
b) residual volume
c) inspiratory reserve volume
d) expiratory reserve volume
-
IRV + TV + ERV
Vital capacity formula?
-
2 alpha & 2 beta chains each bound to 1 heme group
Hemoglobin composition?
-
4
How many molecules of oxygen can hemoglobin molecules transport?
-
decrease in O2 affinity
Right shift =
-
increase in O2 affinity
Left shift=
