2023-03-05T06:32:12+03:00[Europe/Moscow] en true <p>Morbidity </p>, <p># of new cases in a year/ total # of risk population that year</p>, <p>Cumulative incidence</p>, <p>fixed</p>, <p>when the length of follow up is not the same</p>, <p>incidence rate</p>, <p># of new cases of a disease during specified period/ total person-time of observation in population at risk</p>, <p>point prevalence </p>, <p>no. of people who have disease at specified time/ number of persons in the population at that specified time</p>, <p>a</p>, <p>crude mortality</p>, <p>age composition of the population</p>, <p>mid-year population size</p>, <p>age-adjusted mortality rate</p>, <p>age-specific mortality rate</p>, <p>compares: mortality between population groups, geographic locations; tracks mortality trends over time</p>, <p>cause of death</p>, <p>underlying cause of death</p>, <p>case fatality</p>, <p>proportionate mortality; case fatality </p>, <p>Proportionate mortality</p>, <p>risk ratio (relative risk), odds ratio</p>, <p>RRR, ARR, NNT, NNH</p>, <p>mortality</p>, <p>morbidity </p>, <p># of deaths from a specific cause during a specified period/ number of ppl in the population during the period</p>, <p># of deaths from a specific disease/ # of people with the disease</p>, <p>number of deaths from a disease/ total number of deaths </p> flashcards
Principles of epidemiology

Principles of epidemiology

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  • Morbidity

    -any departure, subjective or objective, from a state of physiological and psychological well-being

  • # of new cases in a year/ total # of risk population that year

    Incidence formula?

  • Cumulative incidence

    -the proportion of the population at risk that develops the disease of interest over a specified period of time.

  • fixed

    Cumulative incidence is primarily used in ________ populations.

  • when the length of follow up is not the same

    When do we use incidence rate?

  • incidence rate

    -measures the number of people who become new cases during a specified period as a proportion of the total time at which individuals in a population at risk are observed.

  • # of new cases of a disease during specified period/ total person-time of observation in population at risk

    Incidence rate formula?

  • point prevalence

    -the number of people who have the disease of interest at a single point in time, divided by the number of people in the population at that specific time, e.g., on a given day.

  • no. of people who have disease at specified time/ number of persons in the population at that specified time

    Point prevalence formula?

  • a

    If the term prevalence is used without a modifier, what do we use?

    a) point prevalence

    b) period prevalence

  • crude mortality

    -The total number of deaths from all causes per 1,000 persons in a population during a specified period of time divided by the total number of persons in the population during that period of time

  • age composition of the population

    What influences crude mortality rate?

  • mid-year population size

    What population size is used with crude mortality rate?

  • age-adjusted mortality rate

    -The death rate that would occur if the observed age-specific death rates were present in a population with an age distribution equal to that of a standard population

  • age-specific mortality rate

    -The total number of deaths from all causes among individuals in a specific age category

  • compares: mortality between population groups, geographic locations; tracks mortality trends over time

    What are advantages associated with age-adjusted mortality rate?

  • cause of death

    the chain of events – diseases, injuries or complications – that directly caused the death. DO NOT include terminal events such as cardiac arrest, shock, or heart failure without showing the etiology

  • underlying cause of death

    -The disease or injury that initiated the train of events leading directly to death, or the circumstances of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injury

  • case fatality

    -the propensity of a disease to cause the death of affected persons

  • proportionate mortality; case fatality

    ________ & _________ are NOT ratios.

  • Proportionate mortality

    -the proportion of deaths that are attributable to a specific cause.

  • risk ratio (relative risk), odds ratio

    What do we use to measure associations?

  • RRR, ARR, NNT, NNH

    What do we use to measure therapeutic effects?

  • mortality

    ______ is a benchmark measure of health outcomes.

  • morbidity

    ______ measures incidence and prevalence.

  • # of deaths from a specific cause during a specified period/ number of ppl in the population during the period

    What is the formula for cause-specific mortality rate?

  • # of deaths from a specific disease/ # of people with the disease

    What is the formula for case fatality?

  • number of deaths from a disease/ total number of deaths

    What is the formula for proportionate mortality?